UPSC Static Quiz – Polity : 30 January 2025

UPSC Static Quiz – Polity : 30 January 2025 We will post 5 questions daily on static topics mentioned in the UPSC civil services preliminary examination syllabus. Each week will focus on a specific topic from the syllabus, such as History of India and Indian National Movement, Indian and World Geography, and more.We are excited to bring you our daily UPSC Static Quiz, designed to help you prepare for the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination. Each day, we will post 5 questions on static topics mentioned in the UPSC syllabus. This week, we are focusing on Indian and World Geography.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Consider the following statements about delimitation powers of the State Election Commissions (SEC)s: SECs are responsible for delimiting constituencies for local elections every five years. Delimitation powers of the SEC extend to state assembly constituencies. SECs rely on the voter list prepared by the Election Commission of India for delimitation purposes. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: a) Statement 1 is correct. SECs are responsible for delimiting constituencies before local body elections every five years, ensuring fair representation in Panchayats and Municipalities. Statement 2 is incorrect, as the SEC’s delimitation powers do not extend to state assembly constituencies; this is under the jurisdiction of the Election Commission of India. Statement 3 is also incorrect since voter lists are used for electoral purposes, not directly for delimitation. Incorrect Solution: a) Statement 1 is correct. SECs are responsible for delimiting constituencies before local body elections every five years, ensuring fair representation in Panchayats and Municipalities. Statement 2 is incorrect, as the SEC’s delimitation powers do not extend to state assembly constituencies; this is under the jurisdiction of the Election Commission of India. Statement 3 is also incorrect since voter lists are used for electoral purposes, not directly for delimitation.

#### 1. Question

Consider the following statements about delimitation powers of the State Election Commissions (SEC)s:

• SECs are responsible for delimiting constituencies for local elections every five years.

• Delimitation powers of the SEC extend to state assembly constituencies.

• SECs rely on the voter list prepared by the Election Commission of India for delimitation purposes.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is correct. SECs are responsible for delimiting constituencies before local body elections every five years, ensuring fair representation in Panchayats and Municipalities.

Statement 2 is incorrect, as the SEC’s delimitation powers do not extend to state assembly constituencies; this is under the jurisdiction of the Election Commission of India.

Statement 3 is also incorrect since voter lists are used for electoral purposes, not directly for delimitation.

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is correct. SECs are responsible for delimiting constituencies before local body elections every five years, ensuring fair representation in Panchayats and Municipalities.

Statement 2 is incorrect, as the SEC’s delimitation powers do not extend to state assembly constituencies; this is under the jurisdiction of the Election Commission of India.

Statement 3 is also incorrect since voter lists are used for electoral purposes, not directly for delimitation.

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question In the case of Mithu vs. State of Punjab (1983), which articles of the Indian Constitution did the Supreme Court declare violated by the mandatory death sentence? a) Article 16 and Article 22 b) Article 14 and Article 21 c) Article 15 and Article 19 d) Article 19 and Article 21 Correct Solution: b) In Mithu vs. State of Punjab (1983), the Supreme Court held that a mandatory death sentence violates Article 14 (equality before the law) and Article 21 (right to life). The court ruled that such a law was unfair and unjust, depriving individuals of their right to life without due process. Incorrect Solution: b) In Mithu vs. State of Punjab (1983), the Supreme Court held that a mandatory death sentence violates Article 14 (equality before the law) and Article 21 (right to life). The court ruled that such a law was unfair and unjust, depriving individuals of their right to life without due process.

#### 2. Question

In the case of Mithu vs. State of Punjab (1983), which articles of the Indian Constitution did the Supreme Court declare violated by the mandatory death sentence?

• a) Article 16 and Article 22

• b) Article 14 and Article 21

• c) Article 15 and Article 19

• d) Article 19 and Article 21

Solution: b)

In Mithu vs. State of Punjab (1983), the Supreme Court held that a mandatory death sentence violates Article 14 (equality before the law) and Article 21 (right to life). The court ruled that such a law was unfair and unjust, depriving individuals of their right to life without due process.

Solution: b)

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Consider the following statements about the implications of the Mithu vs. State of Punjab (1983) judgment: The ruling declared that a mandatory death sentence can result in unjust deprivation of life. The judgment ensures that sentencing in capital punishment cases requires judicial discretion. The ruling only applies to crimes committed under the Indian Penal Code, not special laws. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 1 is correct, as the Mithu vs. State of Punjab (1983) judgment held that a mandatory death sentence can result in unjust deprivation of life, violating Article 21. Statement 2 is also correct, as the ruling emphasized the need for judicial discretion in sentencing, ensuring a case-by-case evaluation of capital punishment cases. Statement 3 is incorrect because the ruling applies to all laws imposing mandatory death sentences, not just those under the Indian Penal Code. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 1 is correct, as the Mithu vs. State of Punjab (1983) judgment held that a mandatory death sentence can result in unjust deprivation of life, violating Article 21. Statement 2 is also correct, as the ruling emphasized the need for judicial discretion in sentencing, ensuring a case-by-case evaluation of capital punishment cases. Statement 3 is incorrect because the ruling applies to all laws imposing mandatory death sentences, not just those under the Indian Penal Code.

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements about the implications of the Mithu vs. State of Punjab (1983) judgment:

• The ruling declared that a mandatory death sentence can result in unjust deprivation of life.

• The judgment ensures that sentencing in capital punishment cases requires judicial discretion.

• The ruling only applies to crimes committed under the Indian Penal Code, not special laws.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is correct, as the Mithu vs. State of Punjab (1983) judgment held that a mandatory death sentence can result in unjust deprivation of life, violating Article 21.

Statement 2 is also correct, as the ruling emphasized the need for judicial discretion in sentencing, ensuring a case-by-case evaluation of capital punishment cases.

Statement 3 is incorrect because the ruling applies to all laws imposing mandatory death sentences, not just those under the Indian Penal Code.

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is correct, as the Mithu vs. State of Punjab (1983) judgment held that a mandatory death sentence can result in unjust deprivation of life, violating Article 21.

Statement 2 is also correct, as the ruling emphasized the need for judicial discretion in sentencing, ensuring a case-by-case evaluation of capital punishment cases.

Statement 3 is incorrect because the ruling applies to all laws imposing mandatory death sentences, not just those under the Indian Penal Code.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Which Article of the Constitution provides for the appointment of High Court judges? a) Article 124 b) Article 226 c) Article 356 d) Article 217 Correct Solution: d) Article 217 of the Indian Constitution governs the appointment of judges to the High Courts. The President of India formally appoints High Court judges based on the recommendations of the Collegium system, which includes the High Court Chief Justice and two senior-most judges of the High Court. The system is designed to ensure an independent judiciary by involving senior judges in the appointment process. Article 124 pertains to the appointment of Supreme Court judges, while Article 217 deals specifically with the High Courts. Incorrect Solution: d) Article 217 of the Indian Constitution governs the appointment of judges to the High Courts. The President of India formally appoints High Court judges based on the recommendations of the Collegium system, which includes the High Court Chief Justice and two senior-most judges of the High Court. The system is designed to ensure an independent judiciary by involving senior judges in the appointment process. Article 124 pertains to the appointment of Supreme Court judges, while Article 217 deals specifically with the High Courts.

#### 4. Question

Which Article of the Constitution provides for the appointment of High Court judges?

• a) Article 124

• b) Article 226

• c) Article 356

• d) Article 217

Solution: d)

Article 217 of the Indian Constitution governs the appointment of judges to the High Courts. The President of India formally appoints High Court judges based on the recommendations of the Collegium system, which includes the High Court Chief Justice and two senior-most judges of the High Court.

The system is designed to ensure an independent judiciary by involving senior judges in the appointment process. Article 124 pertains to the appointment of Supreme Court judges, while Article 217 deals specifically with the High Courts.

Solution: d)

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Consider the following statements regarding judicial appointments in India: The content of the consultation process in the Collegium system is open to judicial review. The Supreme Court Collegium plays a role in recommending appointments of High Court judges. The President of India is bound by the Collegium’s recommendations for judicial appointments. Which of the above statements is/are correct? a) 1 only b) 1 and 3 only c) 2 and 3 only d) 1, 2 and 3 Correct Solution: c) Statement 2 is correct because the Supreme Court Collegium does play a role in recommending appointments of High Court judges, particularly when the elevation of a High Court judge to the Supreme Court or the transfer of High Court judges is considered. Statement 1 is incorrect because the content of the consultation in the Collegium system is not open to judicial review, though the process of “effective consultation” may fall within judicial scrutiny. Statement 3 is correct. The collegium system of appointment (and transfer) of judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts was laid down by a nine-judge Bench of the Supreme Court in Supreme Court Advocates-on-Record Association vs Union of India (1993), commonly known as the Second Judges Case. The ruling made the recommendations of the SC collegium binding on the Centre, and gave the power to appoint and transfer judges of the higher judiciary to the judiciary. Under the collegium system, judges choose judges — and while the government can delay their appointments, it cannot reject the collegium’s choice. Incorrect Solution: c) Statement 2 is correct because the Supreme Court Collegium does play a role in recommending appointments of High Court judges, particularly when the elevation of a High Court judge to the Supreme Court or the transfer of High Court judges is considered. Statement 1 is incorrect because the content of the consultation in the Collegium system is not open to judicial review, though the process of “effective consultation” may fall within judicial scrutiny. Statement 3 is correct. The collegium system of appointment (and transfer) of judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts was laid down by a nine-judge Bench of the Supreme Court in Supreme Court Advocates-on-Record Association vs Union of India (1993), commonly known as the Second Judges Case. The ruling made the recommendations of the SC collegium binding on the Centre, and gave the power to appoint and transfer judges of the higher judiciary to the judiciary. Under the collegium system, judges choose judges — and while the government can delay their appointments, it cannot reject the collegium’s choice.

#### 5. Question

Consider the following statements regarding judicial appointments in India:

• The content of the consultation process in the Collegium system is open to judicial review.

• The Supreme Court Collegium plays a role in recommending appointments of High Court judges.

• The President of India is bound by the Collegium’s recommendations for judicial appointments.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• b) 1 and 3 only

• c) 2 and 3 only

• d) 1, 2 and 3

Solution: c)

Statement 2 is correct because the Supreme Court Collegium does play a role in recommending appointments of High Court judges, particularly when the elevation of a High Court judge to the Supreme Court or the transfer of High Court judges is considered.

Statement 1 is incorrect because the content of the consultation in the Collegium system is not open to judicial review, though the process of “effective consultation” may fall within judicial scrutiny.

Statement 3 is correct.

The collegium system of appointment (and transfer) of judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts was laid down by a nine-judge Bench of the Supreme Court in Supreme Court Advocates-on-Record Association vs Union of India (1993), commonly known as the Second Judges Case. The ruling made the recommendations of the SC collegium binding on the Centre, and gave the power to appoint and transfer judges of the higher judiciary to the judiciary. Under the collegium system, judges choose judges — and while the government can delay their appointments, it cannot reject the collegium’s choice.

Solution: c)

Statement 3 is correct.

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