UPSC Static Quiz – Polity : 14 February 2025

UPSC Static Quiz – Polity : 14 February 2025 We will post 5 questions daily on static topics mentioned in the UPSC civil services preliminary examination syllabus. Each week will focus on a specific topic from the syllabus, such as History of India and Indian National Movement, Indian and World Geography, and more.We are excited to bring you our daily UPSC Static Quiz, designed to help you prepare for the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination. Each day, we will post 5 questions on static topics mentioned in the UPSC syllabus. This week, we are focusing on Indian and World Geography.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Consider the following statements about the Collegium system: The Collegium system was established through judgments of the Supreme Court. The Collegium system introduced open competition for the appointment of judges. The appointment of the Chief Justice of India considers the senior-most judge of the Supreme Court. How many of the above statements is/are incorrect? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: a) Statement 1 is correct as the Collegium system evolved through judgments of the Supreme Court, specifically from the Second Judges Case (1993). Statement 3 is correct as the appointment of the Chief Justice of India considers the senior-most judge of the Supreme Court. Statement 2 is incorrect because the Collegium system does not introduce open competition for judicial appointments but is instead a closed consultation process. Incorrect Solution: a) Statement 1 is correct as the Collegium system evolved through judgments of the Supreme Court, specifically from the Second Judges Case (1993). Statement 3 is correct as the appointment of the Chief Justice of India considers the senior-most judge of the Supreme Court. Statement 2 is incorrect because the Collegium system does not introduce open competition for judicial appointments but is instead a closed consultation process.

#### 1. Question

Consider the following statements about the Collegium system:

• The Collegium system was established through judgments of the Supreme Court.

• The Collegium system introduced open competition for the appointment of judges.

• The appointment of the Chief Justice of India considers the senior-most judge of the Supreme Court.

How many of the above statements is/are incorrect?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is correct as the Collegium system evolved through judgments of the Supreme Court, specifically from the Second Judges Case (1993).

Statement 3 is correct as the appointment of the Chief Justice of India considers the senior-most judge of the Supreme Court.

Statement 2 is incorrect because the Collegium system does not introduce open competition for judicial appointments but is instead a closed consultation process.

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is correct as the Collegium system evolved through judgments of the Supreme Court, specifically from the Second Judges Case (1993).

Statement 3 is correct as the appointment of the Chief Justice of India considers the senior-most judge of the Supreme Court.

Statement 2 is incorrect because the Collegium system does not introduce open competition for judicial appointments but is instead a closed consultation process.

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following statements about the Parliamentary Committee on Official Language (PCOL): The Committee was established under the Official Languages Act, 1963. The Committee consists of 30 members, with 20 from the Rajya Sabha and 10 from the Lok Sabha. One of the functions of the Committee is to review the progress of the adoption of Hindi for official purposes. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 1 is correct as the PCOL was established under Section 4 of the Official Languages Act, 1963. Statement 3 is also correct, as one of the Committee’s primary functions is to review the progress of the adoption of Hindi for official purposes and to submit its recommendations to the President. However, statement 2 is incorrect because the Committee consists of 30 members, but 20 are from the Lok Sabha and 10 from the Rajya Sabha (not the other way around). Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 1 is correct as the PCOL was established under Section 4 of the Official Languages Act, 1963. Statement 3 is also correct, as one of the Committee’s primary functions is to review the progress of the adoption of Hindi for official purposes and to submit its recommendations to the President. However, statement 2 is incorrect because the Committee consists of 30 members, but 20 are from the Lok Sabha and 10 from the Rajya Sabha (not the other way around).

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements about the Parliamentary Committee on Official Language (PCOL):

• The Committee was established under the Official Languages Act, 1963.

• The Committee consists of 30 members, with 20 from the Rajya Sabha and 10 from the Lok Sabha.

• One of the functions of the Committee is to review the progress of the adoption of Hindi for official purposes.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is correct as the PCOL was established under Section 4 of the Official Languages Act, 1963.

Statement 3 is also correct, as one of the Committee’s primary functions is to review the progress of the adoption of Hindi for official purposes and to submit its recommendations to the President.

However, statement 2 is incorrect because the Committee consists of 30 members, but 20 are from the Lok Sabha and 10 from the Rajya Sabha (not the other way around).

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is correct as the PCOL was established under Section 4 of the Official Languages Act, 1963.

However, statement 2 is incorrect because the Committee consists of 30 members, but 20 are from the Lok Sabha and 10 from the Rajya Sabha (not the other way around).

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Which of the following is a key difference between civil contempt and criminal contempt? a) Civil contempt is punishable by imprisonment, while criminal contempt is not. b) Civil contempt is only applicable to government entities, while criminal contempt applies to individuals. c) Civil contempt involves disrespecting the authority of the court, while criminal contempt deals with willfully disobeying a court order. d) Criminal contempt involves actions that obstruct the court’s functioning, while civil contempt involves disobeying a court order or breaching legal obligations. Correct Solution: d) Civil contempt occurs when a person or entity willfully disobeys a court order or breaches a legal obligation, such as failing to comply with a court judgment. Criminal contempt, on the other hand, involves actions that obstruct or undermine the authority, dignity, or functioning of the court, such as showing disrespect in court or disrupting judicial proceedings. Incorrect Solution: d) Civil contempt occurs when a person or entity willfully disobeys a court order or breaches a legal obligation, such as failing to comply with a court judgment. Criminal contempt, on the other hand, involves actions that obstruct or undermine the authority, dignity, or functioning of the court, such as showing disrespect in court or disrupting judicial proceedings.

#### 3. Question

Which of the following is a key difference between civil contempt and criminal contempt?

• a) Civil contempt is punishable by imprisonment, while criminal contempt is not.

• b) Civil contempt is only applicable to government entities, while criminal contempt applies to individuals.

• c) Civil contempt involves disrespecting the authority of the court, while criminal contempt deals with willfully disobeying a court order.

• d) Criminal contempt involves actions that obstruct the court’s functioning, while civil contempt involves disobeying a court order or breaching legal obligations.

Solution: d)

Civil contempt occurs when a person or entity willfully disobeys a court order or breaches a legal obligation, such as failing to comply with a court judgment.

Criminal contempt, on the other hand, involves actions that obstruct or undermine the authority, dignity, or functioning of the court, such as showing disrespect in court or disrupting judicial proceedings.

Solution: d)

Civil contempt occurs when a person or entity willfully disobeys a court order or breaches a legal obligation, such as failing to comply with a court judgment.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question What is the primary objective of filing a contempt petition in court? a) To request the court to dismiss a previous judgment b) To challenge the constitutionality of a law c) To enforce a court’s decision and hold the violating party accountable d) To seek monetary compensation for damages caused by the court’s order Correct Solution: c) The main purpose of filing a contempt petition is to bring attention to the violation or disobedience of a court’s order or judgment. It seeks enforcement of the court’s decision and holds the defying party accountable. If the court finds that contempt has been committed, it may impose penalties, such as fines or imprisonment, to ensure compliance. Incorrect Solution: c) The main purpose of filing a contempt petition is to bring attention to the violation or disobedience of a court’s order or judgment. It seeks enforcement of the court’s decision and holds the defying party accountable. If the court finds that contempt has been committed, it may impose penalties, such as fines or imprisonment, to ensure compliance.

#### 4. Question

What is the primary objective of filing a contempt petition in court?

• a) To request the court to dismiss a previous judgment

• b) To challenge the constitutionality of a law

• c) To enforce a court’s decision and hold the violating party accountable

• d) To seek monetary compensation for damages caused by the court’s order

Solution: c)

The main purpose of filing a contempt petition is to bring attention to the violation or disobedience of a court’s order or judgment. It seeks enforcement of the court’s decision and holds the defying party accountable. If the court finds that contempt has been committed, it may impose penalties, such as fines or imprisonment, to ensure compliance.

Solution: c)

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Which of the following is a key element of the proportionality test in constitutional law? a) The law must not be challenged if it is passed by a majority in the legislature. b) The law's purpose must be in line with government policy, even if it infringes on rights. c) The law must impose the least restrictive means to achieve a legitimate objective. d) The law must only be necessary, regardless of its impact on fundamental rights. Correct Solution: c) The proportionality test requires that a law must impose the least restrictive means to achieve a legitimate objective. This means that the law should not disproportionately impact individual rights and freedoms when alternative, less harmful means could achieve the same purpose. It ensures that restrictions on rights are minimal and justified, balancing the objectives of the law with the protection of fundamental rights. The Bombay High Court has struck down the amended IT Rules, 2023, which allowed the Centre to establish a fact-check unitto identify “fake news” about the government. The court ruled that the rules violated the Constitution’s rights to equality and free speech, describing the terms “fake, false, and misleading” as vague. The court ruled that the state is not obligated to provide only verified information. The measures also failed the test of proportionality, which evaluates the legitimacy, suitability, necessity, and balancing of laws against rights. This decision followed a split verdict in January 2024 and a petition from various groups, including comedian Kunal Kamra. Digital rights advocates welcomed the ruling, emphasizing the importance of independent media in fact-checking. Incorrect Solution: c) The proportionality test requires that a law must impose the least restrictive means to achieve a legitimate objective. This means that the law should not disproportionately impact individual rights and freedoms when alternative, less harmful means could achieve the same purpose. It ensures that restrictions on rights are minimal and justified, balancing the objectives of the law with the protection of fundamental rights. The Bombay High Court has struck down the amended IT Rules, 2023, which allowed the Centre to establish a fact-check unitto identify “fake news” about the government. The court ruled that the rules violated the Constitution’s rights to equality and free speech, describing the terms “fake, false, and misleading” as vague. The court ruled that the state is not obligated to provide only verified information. The measures also failed the test of proportionality, which evaluates the legitimacy, suitability, necessity, and balancing of laws against rights. This decision followed a split verdict in January 2024 and a petition from various groups, including comedian Kunal Kamra. Digital rights advocates welcomed the ruling, emphasizing the importance of independent media in fact-checking.

#### 5. Question

Which of the following is a key element of the proportionality test in constitutional law?

• a) The law must not be challenged if it is passed by a majority in the legislature.

• b) The law's purpose must be in line with government policy, even if it infringes on rights.

• c) The law must impose the least restrictive means to achieve a legitimate objective.

• d) The law must only be necessary, regardless of its impact on fundamental rights.

Solution: c)

The proportionality test requires that a law must impose the least restrictive means to achieve a legitimate objective. This means that the law should not disproportionately impact individual rights and freedoms when alternative, less harmful means could achieve the same purpose. It ensures that restrictions on rights are minimal and justified, balancing the objectives of the law with the protection of fundamental rights.

• The Bombay High Court has struck down the amended IT Rules, 2023, which allowed the Centre to establish a fact-check unitto identify “fake news” about the government.

• The court ruled that the rules violated the Constitution’s rights to equality and free speech, describing the terms “fake, false, and misleading” as vague. The court ruled that the state is not obligated to provide only verified information. The measures also failed the test of proportionality, which evaluates the legitimacy, suitability, necessity, and balancing of laws against rights.

This decision followed a split verdict in January 2024 and a petition from various groups, including comedian Kunal Kamra. Digital rights advocates welcomed the ruling, emphasizing the importance of independent media in fact-checking.

Solution: c)

• The Bombay High Court has struck down the amended IT Rules, 2023, which allowed the Centre to establish a fact-check unitto identify “fake news” about the government.

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