UPSC Static Quiz – History : 8 June 2024

UPSC Static Quiz – History : 8 June 2024We will post 5 questions daily on static topics mentioned in the UPSC civil services preliminary examination syllabus. Each week will focus on a specific topic from the syllabus, such as History of India and Indian National Movement, Indian and World Geography, and more.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Which of the following were the action programme of the Non-Cooperation Movement? Boycott of government affiliated schools and colleges The congress organization was to reach down to the village and Mohalla level Surrender of titles and honours given by the government Taking control of the law-and-order machinery of the State by the Congress Working Committee How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) Only three d) All four Correct Solution: c) Statement 4 is incorrect. The non-cooperation movement was a political campaign launched on August 1, 1920, by Mahatma Gandhi to have Indians revoke their cooperation from the British government, with the aim of persuading them to grant self-governance. The Congress’s goal was shifted from achieving self-government through constitutional and legal means to achieving Swaraj through peaceful and legal means. By forming village and mohalla or ward committees, the Congress organisation was to reach down to the village and mohalla level. The annual membership fee was reduced to four annas to allow the poor to join. Through non-violent means, or ahimsa, protesters would refuse to buy British goods, adopt the use of local handicrafts (by spinning khadi, etc.), and picket liquor shops. Moreover: all offices and factories would be closed; Indians would be encouraged to withdraw from Raj-sponsored schools, police services, the military, and the civil service, and lawyers were asked to leave the Raj’s courts; public transportation and English-manufactured goods, especially clothing, was boycotted; and Indians returned honours and titles given by the government and resigned from various posts like teachers, lawyers, civil and military services. Incorrect Solution: c) Statement 4 is incorrect. The non-cooperation movement was a political campaign launched on August 1, 1920, by Mahatma Gandhi to have Indians revoke their cooperation from the British government, with the aim of persuading them to grant self-governance. The Congress’s goal was shifted from achieving self-government through constitutional and legal means to achieving Swaraj through peaceful and legal means. By forming village and mohalla or ward committees, the Congress organisation was to reach down to the village and mohalla level. The annual membership fee was reduced to four annas to allow the poor to join. Through non-violent means, or ahimsa, protesters would refuse to buy British goods, adopt the use of local handicrafts (by spinning khadi, etc.), and picket liquor shops. Moreover: all offices and factories would be closed; Indians would be encouraged to withdraw from Raj-sponsored schools, police services, the military, and the civil service, and lawyers were asked to leave the Raj’s courts; public transportation and English-manufactured goods, especially clothing, was boycotted; and Indians returned honours and titles given by the government and resigned from various posts like teachers, lawyers, civil and military services.

#### 1. Question

Which of the following were the action programme of the Non-Cooperation Movement?

• Boycott of government affiliated schools and colleges

• The congress organization was to reach down to the village and Mohalla level

• Surrender of titles and honours given by the government

• Taking control of the law-and-order machinery of the State by the Congress Working Committee

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) Only three

• d) All four

Solution: c)

Statement 4 is incorrect.

The non-cooperation movement was a political campaign launched on August 1, 1920, by Mahatma Gandhi to have Indians revoke their cooperation from the British government, with the aim of persuading them to grant self-governance.

The Congress’s goal was shifted from achieving self-government through constitutional and legal means to achieving Swaraj through peaceful and legal means.

By forming village and mohalla or ward committees, the Congress organisation was to reach down to the village and mohalla level. The annual membership fee was reduced to four annas to allow the poor to join.

Through non-violent means, or ahimsa, protesters would refuse to buy British goods, adopt the use of local handicrafts (by spinning khadi, etc.), and picket liquor shops. Moreover:

• all offices and factories would be closed;

• Indians would be encouraged to withdraw from Raj-sponsored schools, police services, the military, and the civil service, and lawyers were asked to leave the Raj’s courts;

• public transportation and English-manufactured goods, especially clothing, was boycotted; and

• Indians returned honours and titles given by the government and resigned from various posts like teachers, lawyers, civil and military services.

Solution: c)

Statement 4 is incorrect.

The Congress’s goal was shifted from achieving self-government through constitutional and legal means to achieving Swaraj through peaceful and legal means.

Through non-violent means, or ahimsa, protesters would refuse to buy British goods, adopt the use of local handicrafts (by spinning khadi, etc.), and picket liquor shops. Moreover:

• all offices and factories would be closed;

• Indians would be encouraged to withdraw from Raj-sponsored schools, police services, the military, and the civil service, and lawyers were asked to leave the Raj’s courts;

• public transportation and English-manufactured goods, especially clothing, was boycotted; and

• Indians returned honours and titles given by the government and resigned from various posts like teachers, lawyers, civil and military services.

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following statements regarding the events that took place after Mahatma Gandhi’s return to India from South Africa. On Nehru’s advice, Gandhiji spent a year travelling around British India, getting to know the land and its peoples. His first major public appearance was at the opening of the Banaras Hindu University (BHU) in 1916. Which of the above statements is/are correct? a) 1 only b) 2 only c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 Correct Solution: b) On Gokhale‘s advice, Gandhiji spent a year travelling around British India, getting to know the land and its peoples. His first major public appearance was at the opening of the Banaras Hindu University (BHU) in February 1916. Also present were important leaders of the Congress, such as Annie Besant. Compared to these dignitaries, Gandhiji was relatively unknown. He had been invited on account of his work in South Africa, rather than his status within India. Incorrect Solution: b) On Gokhale‘s advice, Gandhiji spent a year travelling around British India, getting to know the land and its peoples. His first major public appearance was at the opening of the Banaras Hindu University (BHU) in February 1916. Also present were important leaders of the Congress, such as Annie Besant. Compared to these dignitaries, Gandhiji was relatively unknown. He had been invited on account of his work in South Africa, rather than his status within India.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the events that took place after Mahatma Gandhi’s return to India from South Africa.

• On Nehru’s advice, Gandhiji spent a year travelling around British India, getting to know the land and its peoples.

• His first major public appearance was at the opening of the Banaras Hindu University (BHU) in 1916.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• c) Both 1 and 2

• d) Neither 1 nor 2

Solution: b)

On Gokhale‘s advice, Gandhiji spent a year travelling around British India, getting to know the land and its peoples. His first major public appearance was at the opening of the Banaras Hindu University (BHU) in February 1916. Also present were important leaders of the Congress, such as Annie Besant. Compared to these dignitaries, Gandhiji was relatively unknown. He had been invited on account of his work in South Africa, rather than his status within India.

Solution: b)

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Ahmadabad Mill Strike 1918 led by Gandhiji was based on the issue of a) Large-scale layoffs of mill workers b) Inhuman treatment of mill workers by the management c) Objection of management on participation of workers in the freedom struggle d) Plague Bonus of the previous year to workers Correct Solution: d) In 1918, there was a situation of conflict between the Gujarat Mill owners and workers on the question of Plague Bonus of 1917. The Mill Owners wanted to withdraw the bonus while the workers demanded a 50% wage hike. The Mill Owners were willing to give only 20% wage hike. In March later, under the leadership of Gandhi, there was a strike in the cotton mills. In this strike Gandhi used the weapon of Hunger strike. It was carried out in pure non-violent disciplined way. The result was that the strike was successful and the workers got a 35% wage increase. Incorrect Solution: d) In 1918, there was a situation of conflict between the Gujarat Mill owners and workers on the question of Plague Bonus of 1917. The Mill Owners wanted to withdraw the bonus while the workers demanded a 50% wage hike. The Mill Owners were willing to give only 20% wage hike. In March later, under the leadership of Gandhi, there was a strike in the cotton mills. In this strike Gandhi used the weapon of Hunger strike. It was carried out in pure non-violent disciplined way. The result was that the strike was successful and the workers got a 35% wage increase.

#### 3. Question

Ahmadabad Mill Strike 1918 led by Gandhiji was based on the issue of

• a) Large-scale layoffs of mill workers

• b) Inhuman treatment of mill workers by the management

• c) Objection of management on participation of workers in the freedom struggle

• d) Plague Bonus of the previous year to workers

Solution: d)

• In 1918, there was a situation of conflict between the Gujarat Mill owners and workers on the question of Plague Bonus of 1917.

• The Mill Owners wanted to withdraw the bonus while the workers demanded a 50% wage hike. The Mill Owners were willing to give only 20% wage hike.

• In March later, under the leadership of Gandhi, there was a strike in the cotton mills. In this strike Gandhi used the weapon of Hunger strike.

• It was carried out in pure non-violent disciplined way. The result was that the strike was successful and the workers got a 35% wage increase.

Solution: d)

• In 1918, there was a situation of conflict between the Gujarat Mill owners and workers on the question of Plague Bonus of 1917.

• The Mill Owners wanted to withdraw the bonus while the workers demanded a 50% wage hike. The Mill Owners were willing to give only 20% wage hike.

• In March later, under the leadership of Gandhi, there was a strike in the cotton mills. In this strike Gandhi used the weapon of Hunger strike.

• It was carried out in pure non-violent disciplined way. The result was that the strike was successful and the workers got a 35% wage increase.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Which of the following was/were the recommendations of the Simon Commission setup in 1927? India’s constitution should be unitary in nature. The provincial governments should devolve financial powers to the local bodies. Separate electorates should be abolished. Elections to the legislative assemblies will be based on Universal adult franchise. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only two b) Only three c) All four d) None Correct Solution: d) As per the commission, there should be a constitutional reconstruction in the form of a federal constitution. The provinces should be given full autonomy including law. Other major recommendations include: The number of members of provincial legislative council should be increased. Governor- general should have complete power to appoint the members of the cabinet. The governor should have discretionary power to relate to internal security and administrative powers to protect the different communities. The government of India should have complete control over the high court. There were no Indian members in the commission. No universal franchise was proposed and the position of governor-general remained unaffected. There was no provision to abolish separate electorate but it was rather extended to other communities as well. No financial devolution was proposed. Incorrect Solution: d) As per the commission, there should be a constitutional reconstruction in the form of a federal constitution. The provinces should be given full autonomy including law. Other major recommendations include: The number of members of provincial legislative council should be increased. Governor- general should have complete power to appoint the members of the cabinet. The governor should have discretionary power to relate to internal security and administrative powers to protect the different communities. The government of India should have complete control over the high court. There were no Indian members in the commission. No universal franchise was proposed and the position of governor-general remained unaffected. There was no provision to abolish separate electorate but it was rather extended to other communities as well. No financial devolution was proposed.

#### 4. Question

Which of the following was/were the recommendations of the Simon Commission setup in 1927?

• India’s constitution should be unitary in nature.

• The provincial governments should devolve financial powers to the local bodies.

• Separate electorates should be abolished.

• Elections to the legislative assemblies will be based on Universal adult franchise.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only two

• b) Only three

• c) All four

Solution: d)

As per the commission, there should be a constitutional reconstruction in the form of a federal constitution. The provinces should be given full autonomy including law.

Other major recommendations include:

• The number of members of provincial legislative council should be increased. Governor- general should have complete power to appoint the members of the cabinet.

• The governor should have discretionary power to relate to internal security and administrative powers to protect the different communities.

• The government of India should have complete control over the high court.

• There were no Indian members in the commission. No universal franchise was proposed and the position of governor-general remained unaffected.

• There was no provision to abolish separate electorate but it was rather extended to other communities as well. No financial devolution was proposed.

Solution: d)

As per the commission, there should be a constitutional reconstruction in the form of a federal constitution. The provinces should be given full autonomy including law.

Other major recommendations include:

• The number of members of provincial legislative council should be increased. Governor- general should have complete power to appoint the members of the cabinet.

• The governor should have discretionary power to relate to internal security and administrative powers to protect the different communities.

• The government of India should have complete control over the high court.

• There were no Indian members in the commission. No universal franchise was proposed and the position of governor-general remained unaffected.

• There was no provision to abolish separate electorate but it was rather extended to other communities as well. No financial devolution was proposed.

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question In Modern India, Yugantar Ashram was a) The headquarters of the Gadar party b) An Ashram adopted by the Indian National Congress in the memory of Mahatma Gandhi c) A war memorial established by the British government for Indian freedom fighters in 1948 d) A seditious publication of the India House, London Correct Solution: a) The Hindustan Association of the Pacific Coast, known as the Gadar Party was founded in 1913 to free India from British slavery. The headquarters of the association was established initially at 436 Hill Street, San Francisco and named as “Yugantar Ashram.” The GoI decided in 2013 to convert this memorial into a library and Museum. Incorrect Solution: a) The Hindustan Association of the Pacific Coast, known as the Gadar Party was founded in 1913 to free India from British slavery. The headquarters of the association was established initially at 436 Hill Street, San Francisco and named as “Yugantar Ashram.” The GoI decided in 2013 to convert this memorial into a library and Museum.

#### 5. Question

In Modern India, Yugantar Ashram was

• a) The headquarters of the Gadar party

• b) An Ashram adopted by the Indian National Congress in the memory of Mahatma Gandhi

• c) A war memorial established by the British government for Indian freedom fighters in 1948

• d) A seditious publication of the India House, London

Solution: a)

The Hindustan Association of the Pacific Coast, known as the Gadar Party was founded in 1913 to free India from British slavery.

The headquarters of the association was established initially at 436 Hill Street, San Francisco and named as “Yugantar Ashram.” The GoI decided in 2013 to convert this memorial into a library and Museum.

Solution: a)

The Hindustan Association of the Pacific Coast, known as the Gadar Party was founded in 1913 to free India from British slavery.

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