UPSC Static Quiz – History : 21 April 2025

UPSC Static Quiz – History : 21 April 2025 We will post 5 questions daily on static topics mentioned in the UPSC civil services preliminary examination syllabus. Each week will focus on a specific topic from the syllabus, such as History of India and Indian National Movement, Indian and World Geography, and more.We are excited to bring you our daily UPSC Static Quiz, designed to help you prepare for the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination. Each day, we will post 5 questions on static topics mentioned in the UPSC syllabus. This week, we are focusing on Indian and World Geography.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question The decision to launch the Quit India movement a) Was taken by the Forward Bloc b) Was taken by Gandhiji alone c) Was ratified by the Indian National Congress (INC) d) Wasn’t taken officially as the movement was spontaneous and sporadic in nature Correct Solution: c) After Cripps’ departure, Gandhi framed a resolution calling for British withdrawal and a non-violent non-cooperation movement against any Japanese invasion. In July 1942, the Congress Working Committee met at Wardha and resolved that it would authorise Gandhi to take charge of the non-violent mass movement. The resolution generally referred to as the ‘Quit India’ resolution. The Quit India Resolution was ratified at the Congress meeting at Gowalia Tank, Bombay, on August 8, 1942. Incorrect Solution: c) After Cripps’ departure, Gandhi framed a resolution calling for British withdrawal and a non-violent non-cooperation movement against any Japanese invasion. In July 1942, the Congress Working Committee met at Wardha and resolved that it would authorise Gandhi to take charge of the non-violent mass movement. The resolution generally referred to as the ‘Quit India’ resolution. The Quit India Resolution was ratified at the Congress meeting at Gowalia Tank, Bombay, on August 8, 1942.

#### 1. Question

The decision to launch the Quit India movement

• a) Was taken by the Forward Bloc

• b) Was taken by Gandhiji alone

• c) Was ratified by the Indian National Congress (INC)

• d) Wasn’t taken officially as the movement was spontaneous and sporadic in nature

Solution: c)

After Cripps’ departure, Gandhi framed a resolution calling for British withdrawal and a non-violent non-cooperation movement against any Japanese invasion.

In July 1942, the Congress Working Committee met at Wardha and resolved that it would authorise Gandhi to take charge of the non-violent mass movement. The resolution generally referred to as the ‘Quit India’ resolution.

The Quit India Resolution was ratified at the Congress meeting at Gowalia Tank, Bombay, on August 8, 1942.

Solution: c)

After Cripps’ departure, Gandhi framed a resolution calling for British withdrawal and a non-violent non-cooperation movement against any Japanese invasion.

The Quit India Resolution was ratified at the Congress meeting at Gowalia Tank, Bombay, on August 8, 1942.

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following statements Maulana Azad established Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental College. Kuka movement in Punjab aimed at purifying the Sikh religion by removing all the abuses, superstitions and ill-practices Which of the above statements is/are correct? a) 1 only b) 2 only c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 Correct Solution: b) Statement 1 is incorrect. The Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental (MAO) College was founded in 1875 by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, not Maulana Azad. This institution later evolved into Aligarh Muslim University in 1920. Sir Syed Ahmad Khan was a key figure in the Aligarh Movement, which aimed to modernize Muslim education in India through a synthesis of Western scientific knowledge and Islamic principles. Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, on the other hand, was a prominent freedom fighter and India’s first Education Minister, but had no role in establishing the MAO College. Statement 2 is correct. The Kuka Movement, also known as the Namdhari Movement, emerged in Punjab in the mid-19th century under the leadership of Guru Ram Singh. Its objective was to reform Sikhism by eliminating superstitions, rituals, idol worship, and caste distinctions. It emphasized personal discipline, abstinence from intoxicants, and non-cooperation with British rule, making it both a religious and political movement. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 1 is incorrect. The Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental (MAO) College was founded in 1875 by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, not Maulana Azad. This institution later evolved into Aligarh Muslim University in 1920. Sir Syed Ahmad Khan was a key figure in the Aligarh Movement, which aimed to modernize Muslim education in India through a synthesis of Western scientific knowledge and Islamic principles. Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, on the other hand, was a prominent freedom fighter and India’s first Education Minister, but had no role in establishing the MAO College. Statement 2 is correct. The Kuka Movement, also known as the Namdhari Movement, emerged in Punjab in the mid-19th century under the leadership of Guru Ram Singh. Its objective was to reform Sikhism by eliminating superstitions, rituals, idol worship, and caste distinctions. It emphasized personal discipline, abstinence from intoxicants, and non-cooperation with British rule, making it both a religious and political movement.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements

• Maulana Azad established Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental College.

• Kuka movement in Punjab aimed at purifying the Sikh religion by removing all the abuses, superstitions and ill-practices

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• c) Both 1 and 2

• d) Neither 1 nor 2

Solution: b)

• Statement 1 is incorrect. The Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental (MAO) College was founded in 1875 by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, not Maulana Azad.

• This institution later evolved into Aligarh Muslim University in 1920. Sir Syed Ahmad Khan was a key figure in the Aligarh Movement, which aimed to modernize Muslim education in India through a synthesis of Western scientific knowledge and Islamic principles.

• Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, on the other hand, was a prominent freedom fighter and India’s first Education Minister, but had no role in establishing the MAO College.

• Statement 2 is correct. The Kuka Movement, also known as the Namdhari Movement, emerged in Punjab in the mid-19th century under the leadership of Guru Ram Singh.

• Its objective was to reform Sikhism by eliminating superstitions, rituals, idol worship, and caste distinctions. It emphasized personal discipline, abstinence from intoxicants, and non-cooperation with British rule, making it both a religious and political movement.

Solution: b)

• Statement 1 is incorrect. The Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental (MAO) College was founded in 1875 by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, not Maulana Azad.

• Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, on the other hand, was a prominent freedom fighter and India’s first Education Minister, but had no role in establishing the MAO College.

• Statement 2 is correct. The Kuka Movement, also known as the Namdhari Movement, emerged in Punjab in the mid-19th century under the leadership of Guru Ram Singh.

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question During the colonial period in India, what was the purpose of the Whitley Commission? a) To review the fitness of India for further political reforms b) To report on existing conditions of labour and to make recommendations c) To draw up a plan for financial reforms for India d) To develop a comprehensive scheme for Civil Services in India Correct Solution: b) The Whitley Commission, officially known as the Royal Commission on Labour in India, was established by the British colonial government in 1929. It was chaired by John Henry Whitley, a British politician. The commission was tasked specifically with investigating the conditions of industrial labour—including those in factories, mines, and plantations—and to recommend measures for their improvement. This commission arose due to increasing concerns about poor working conditions, low wages, lack of social security, and the absence of effective labour laws in British India. It marked a significant step in the development of labour policy and legislation, as it highlighted the exploitation and suffering of industrial workers and recommended reforms related to working hours, housing, health facilities, trade unions, and women’s and children’s welfare. Incorrect Solution: b) The Whitley Commission, officially known as the Royal Commission on Labour in India, was established by the British colonial government in 1929. It was chaired by John Henry Whitley, a British politician. The commission was tasked specifically with investigating the conditions of industrial labour—including those in factories, mines, and plantations—and to recommend measures for their improvement. This commission arose due to increasing concerns about poor working conditions, low wages, lack of social security, and the absence of effective labour laws in British India. It marked a significant step in the development of labour policy and legislation, as it highlighted the exploitation and suffering of industrial workers and recommended reforms related to working hours, housing, health facilities, trade unions, and women’s and children’s welfare.

#### 3. Question

During the colonial period in India, what was the purpose of the Whitley Commission?

• a) To review the fitness of India for further political reforms

• b) To report on existing conditions of labour and to make recommendations

• c) To draw up a plan for financial reforms for India

• d) To develop a comprehensive scheme for Civil Services in India

Solution: b)

• The Whitley Commission, officially known as the Royal Commission on Labour in India, was established by the British colonial government in 1929. It was chaired by John Henry Whitley, a British politician.

• The commission was tasked specifically with investigating the conditions of industrial labour—including those in factories, mines, and plantations—and to recommend measures for their improvement.

• This commission arose due to increasing concerns about poor working conditions, low wages, lack of social security, and the absence of effective labour laws in British India.

• It marked a significant step in the development of labour policy and legislation, as it highlighted the exploitation and suffering of industrial workers and recommended reforms related to working hours, housing, health facilities, trade unions, and women’s and children’s welfare.

Solution: b)

• This commission arose due to increasing concerns about poor working conditions, low wages, lack of social security, and the absence of effective labour laws in British India.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Which of the following princely states was/were annexed using the policy of the Doctrine of Lapse? Jhansi Mysore Sambhalpur Tanjore How many of the above options is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) Only three (d) All four Correct Solution: c) Option 2 is incorrect. The doctrine of lapse was a policy of annexation initiated by the East India Company in the Indian subcontinent about the princely states, and applied until the year 1858, the year after Company rule was succeeded by the British Raj under the British Crown. By the use of the doctrine of lapse, the Company took over the princely states of Satara (1848), Jaitpur, Sambalpur (1849), Baghat (1850), Udaipur (Chhattisgarh State) (1852), Jhansi (1854), Nagpur (1854), Tanjore and Arcot (1855). Incorrect Solution: c) Option 2 is incorrect. The doctrine of lapse was a policy of annexation initiated by the East India Company in the Indian subcontinent about the princely states, and applied until the year 1858, the year after Company rule was succeeded by the British Raj under the British Crown. By the use of the doctrine of lapse, the Company took over the princely states of Satara (1848), Jaitpur, Sambalpur (1849), Baghat (1850), Udaipur (Chhattisgarh State) (1852), Jhansi (1854), Nagpur (1854), Tanjore and Arcot (1855).

#### 4. Question

Which of the following princely states was/were annexed using the policy of the Doctrine of Lapse?

• Sambhalpur

How many of the above options is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) Only three

• (d) All four

Solution: c)

Option 2 is incorrect.

The doctrine of lapse was a policy of annexation initiated by the East India Company in the Indian subcontinent about the princely states, and applied until the year 1858, the year after Company rule was succeeded by the British Raj under the British Crown.

By the use of the doctrine of lapse, the Company took over the princely states of Satara (1848), Jaitpur, Sambalpur (1849), Baghat (1850), Udaipur (Chhattisgarh State) (1852), Jhansi (1854), Nagpur (1854), Tanjore and Arcot (1855).

Solution: c)

Option 2 is incorrect.

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Consider the following statements regarding All India Kisan Sabha. Unlike other political organizations of the time, Kisan Sabha worked independently of the Indian National Congress and never associated with it. It was formed under the leadership ofSahajanand Saraswati. Which of the above statements is/are incorrect? a) 1 only b) 2 only c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 Correct Solution: a) Statement 1 is incorrect. The All-India Kisan Sabha (AIKS), though ideologically distinct in championing peasant and agrarian issues, was not entirely independent of the Indian National Congress. In fact, it was formed during the Lucknow Session of the INC in 1936, indicating a clear institutional link at its inception. While it later developed a more radical and left-leaning orientation—often criticizing Congress policies on agrarian matters—it initially functioned within the Congress framework, aiming to represent peasant interests more prominently. Statement 2 is correct. The AIKS was founded in 1936 under the leadership of Swami Sahajanand Saraswati, a prominent peasant leader and sanyasi from Bihar. He became the first President of AIKS. The Sabha aimed to organize peasants across India to fight against zamindari oppression, high rents, and land revenue policies. It played a significant role in strengthening agrarian movements during the freedom struggle. Incorrect Solution: a) Statement 1 is incorrect. The All-India Kisan Sabha (AIKS), though ideologically distinct in championing peasant and agrarian issues, was not entirely independent of the Indian National Congress. In fact, it was formed during the Lucknow Session of the INC in 1936, indicating a clear institutional link at its inception. While it later developed a more radical and left-leaning orientation—often criticizing Congress policies on agrarian matters—it initially functioned within the Congress framework, aiming to represent peasant interests more prominently. Statement 2 is correct. The AIKS was founded in 1936 under the leadership of Swami Sahajanand Saraswati, a prominent peasant leader and sanyasi from Bihar. He became the first President of AIKS. The Sabha aimed to organize peasants across India to fight against zamindari oppression, high rents, and land revenue policies. It played a significant role in strengthening agrarian movements during the freedom struggle.

#### 5. Question

Consider the following statements regarding All India Kisan Sabha.

• Unlike other political organizations of the time, Kisan Sabha worked independently of the Indian National Congress and never associated with it.

• It was formed under the leadership ofSahajanand Saraswati.

Which of the above statements is/are incorrect?

• c) Both 1 and 2

• d) Neither 1 nor 2

Solution: a)

• Statement 1 is incorrect. The All-India Kisan Sabha (AIKS), though ideologically distinct in championing peasant and agrarian issues, was not entirely independent of the Indian National Congress. In fact, it was formed during the Lucknow Session of the INC in 1936, indicating a clear institutional link at its inception. While it later developed a more radical and left-leaning orientation—often criticizing Congress policies on agrarian matters—it initially functioned within the Congress framework, aiming to represent peasant interests more prominently.

• Statement 2 is correct. The AIKS was founded in 1936 under the leadership of Swami Sahajanand Saraswati, a prominent peasant leader and sanyasi from Bihar. He became the first President of AIKS. The Sabha aimed to organize peasants across India to fight against zamindari oppression, high rents, and land revenue policies. It played a significant role in strengthening agrarian movements during the freedom struggle.

Solution: a)

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