UPSC Static Quiz – Geography : 5 March 2025

UPSC Static Quiz – Geography : 5 March 2025 We will post 5 questions daily on static topics mentioned in the UPSC civil services preliminary examination syllabus. Each week will focus on a specific topic from the syllabus, such as History of India and Indian National Movement, Indian and World Geography, and more.We are excited to bring you our daily UPSC Static Quiz, designed to help you prepare for the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination. Each day, we will post 5 questions on static topics mentioned in the UPSC syllabus. This week, we are focusing on Indian and World Geography.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Which of the following is the major difference between soils found in Peninsular India and Northern India? (a) Soils of Peninsular India are highly productive, whereas that of Northern India is largely alkaline and unproductive. (b) Soils of Northern India are of volcanic origin, whereas that of Peninsular India is that of geosyncline origin. (c) Soils of Peninsular India are mainly formed by the decomposition of rocks in situ, whereas that of Northern India mainly by depositional work of rivers. (d) All of the above Correct Solution: C The soils of Peninsular India are formed by the decomposition of rocks in situ, i.e. directly from the underlying rocks. Soils of Peninsular India are transported and re-deposited to a limited extent and are known as sedentary soils. Alluvial soils are formed mainly due to silt deposited by Indo-Gangetic- Brahmaputra Rivers. In coastal regions some alluvial deposits are formed due to wave action. Rocks of the Himalayas form the parent material. Thus the parent material of these soils is of transported origin. Incorrect Solution: C The soils of Peninsular India are formed by the decomposition of rocks in situ, i.e. directly from the underlying rocks. Soils of Peninsular India are transported and re-deposited to a limited extent and are known as sedentary soils. Alluvial soils are formed mainly due to silt deposited by Indo-Gangetic- Brahmaputra Rivers. In coastal regions some alluvial deposits are formed due to wave action. Rocks of the Himalayas form the parent material. Thus the parent material of these soils is of transported origin.

#### 1. Question

Which of the following is the major difference between soils found in Peninsular India and Northern India?

• (a) Soils of Peninsular India are highly productive, whereas that of Northern India is largely alkaline and unproductive.

• (b) Soils of Northern India are of volcanic origin, whereas that of Peninsular India is that of geosyncline origin.

• (c) Soils of Peninsular India are mainly formed by the decomposition of rocks in situ, whereas that of Northern India mainly by depositional work of rivers.

• (d) All of the above

Solution: C

• The soils of Peninsular India are formed by the decomposition of rocks in situ, i.e. directly from the underlying rocks. Soils of Peninsular India are transported and re-deposited to a limited extent and are known as sedentary soils.

• Alluvial soils are formed mainly due to silt deposited by Indo-Gangetic- Brahmaputra Rivers. In coastal regions some alluvial deposits are formed due to wave action.

• Rocks of the Himalayas form the parent material. Thus the parent material of these soils is of transported origin.

Solution: C

• Alluvial soils are formed mainly due to silt deposited by Indo-Gangetic- Brahmaputra Rivers. In coastal regions some alluvial deposits are formed due to wave action.

• Rocks of the Himalayas form the parent material. Thus the parent material of these soils is of transported origin.

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Which of the following areas is least susceptible to landslides? (a) Areas near Khasi hills that experience frequent rainfall (b) Young mountainous areas in the Himalayas (c) Windward sides of Western Ghats (d) Undulated reliefs of Aravalli Correct Solution: D Two major categories of landslide prone regions can be established – high and low (or moderate). Highly unstable, relatively young mountainous areas in the Himalayas and Andaman and Nicobar, high rainfall regions with steep slopes in the Western Ghats and Nilgiris, the north-eastern regions, along with areas that experience frequent ground-shaking due to earthquakes, etc. and areas of intense human activities, particularly those related to construction of roads, dams, etc. are included in the high risk zone. Moderate to Low Vulnerability Zone: Areas that receive less precipitation such as Trans-Himalayan areas of Ladakh and Spiti (Himachal Pradesh), undulated yet stable relief and low precipitation areas in the Aravalli (with stable rock structures), rain shadow areas in the Western and Eastern Ghats and Deccan plateau also experience occasional landslides. The remaining parts of India, particularly states like Rajasthan, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal (except Darjiling), Assam (except Karbi Anglong) and Coastal regions of the southern States are safe as far as landslides are concerned. Incorrect Solution: D Two major categories of landslide prone regions can be established – high and low (or moderate). Highly unstable, relatively young mountainous areas in the Himalayas and Andaman and Nicobar, high rainfall regions with steep slopes in the Western Ghats and Nilgiris, the north-eastern regions, along with areas that experience frequent ground-shaking due to earthquakes, etc. and areas of intense human activities, particularly those related to construction of roads, dams, etc. are included in the high risk zone. Moderate to Low Vulnerability Zone: Areas that receive less precipitation such as Trans-Himalayan areas of Ladakh and Spiti (Himachal Pradesh), undulated yet stable relief and low precipitation areas in the Aravalli (with stable rock structures), rain shadow areas in the Western and Eastern Ghats and Deccan plateau also experience occasional landslides. The remaining parts of India, particularly states like Rajasthan, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal (except Darjiling), Assam (except Karbi Anglong) and Coastal regions of the southern States are safe as far as landslides are concerned.

#### 2. Question

Which of the following areas is least susceptible to landslides?

• (a) Areas near Khasi hills that experience frequent rainfall

• (b) Young mountainous areas in the Himalayas

• (c) Windward sides of Western Ghats

• (d) Undulated reliefs of Aravalli

Solution: D

Two major categories of landslide prone regions can be established – high and low (or moderate).

Highly unstable, relatively young mountainous areas in the Himalayas and Andaman and Nicobar, high rainfall regions with steep slopes in the Western Ghats and Nilgiris, the north-eastern regions, along with areas that experience frequent ground-shaking due to earthquakes, etc. and areas of intense human activities, particularly those related to construction of roads, dams, etc. are included in the high risk zone.

Moderate to Low Vulnerability Zone: Areas that receive less precipitation such as Trans-Himalayan areas of Ladakh and Spiti (Himachal Pradesh), undulated yet stable relief and low precipitation areas in the Aravalli (with stable rock structures), rain shadow areas in the Western and Eastern Ghats and Deccan plateau also experience occasional landslides.

The remaining parts of India, particularly states like Rajasthan, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal (except Darjiling), Assam (except Karbi Anglong) and Coastal regions of the southern States are safe as far as landslides are concerned.

Solution: D

Two major categories of landslide prone regions can be established – high and low (or moderate).

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Consider the following statements regarding Chota Nagpur Plateau. The Chota Nagpur Plateau is a plateau in eastern India, which covers much of Jharkhand state as well as adjacent parts of Odisha, West Bengal and Chhattisgarh. The Indo-Gangetic plain lies to the north and east of the Chota Nagpur plateau. The plateau has been formed by continental uplift from forces acting deep inside the earth. The Krishna River flows through Chota Nagpur Plateau. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) Only three (d) All four Correct Solution: C Statement 4 is incorrect. The Chota Nagpur Plateau is a plateau in eastern India, which covers much of Jharkhand state as well as adjacent parts of Odisha, West Bengal and Chhattisgarh. The Indo-Gangetic plain lies to the north and east of the plateau, and the basin of the Mahanadi River lies to the south. The Chota Nagpur Plateau is a continental plateau—an extensive area of land thrust above the general land. The plateau has been formed by continental uplift from forces acting deep inside the earth. The Damodar River flows through Chota Nagpur Plateau. Incorrect Solution: C Statement 4 is incorrect. The Chota Nagpur Plateau is a plateau in eastern India, which covers much of Jharkhand state as well as adjacent parts of Odisha, West Bengal and Chhattisgarh. The Indo-Gangetic plain lies to the north and east of the plateau, and the basin of the Mahanadi River lies to the south. The Chota Nagpur Plateau is a continental plateau—an extensive area of land thrust above the general land. The plateau has been formed by continental uplift from forces acting deep inside the earth. The Damodar River flows through Chota Nagpur Plateau.

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Chota Nagpur Plateau.

• The Chota Nagpur Plateau is a plateau in eastern India, which covers much of Jharkhand state as well as adjacent parts of Odisha, West Bengal and Chhattisgarh.

• The Indo-Gangetic plain lies to the north and east of the Chota Nagpur plateau.

• The plateau has been formed by continental uplift from forces acting deep inside the earth.

• The Krishna River flows through Chota Nagpur Plateau.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) Only three

• (d) All four

Solution: C

Statement 4 is incorrect.

The Chota Nagpur Plateau is a plateau in eastern India, which covers much of Jharkhand state as well as adjacent parts of Odisha, West Bengal and Chhattisgarh. The Indo-Gangetic plain lies to the north and east of the plateau, and the basin of the Mahanadi River lies to the south.

The Chota Nagpur Plateau is a continental plateau—an extensive area of land thrust above the general land. The plateau has been formed by continental uplift from forces acting deep inside the earth.

The Damodar River flows through Chota Nagpur Plateau.

Solution: C

Statement 4 is incorrect.

The Damodar River flows through Chota Nagpur Plateau.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Consider the following statements regarding Peninsular Rivers. The Peninsular rivers have shorter and shallower courses as compared to their Himalayan counterparts. A large number of the Peninsular rivers are seasonal. Peninsular rivers carry much larger silt as compared to Himalayan rivers which carry fresh water. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: B Statement 3 is incorrect. The Peninsular rivers have shorter and shallower courses as compared to their Himalayan counterparts. Most of them come from Western Ghats, however, some of them originate in the central highlands and flow towards the west. Rest of them all flow to the east in the Bay of Bengal. A large number of the Peninsular rivers are seasonal, as their flow is dependent on rainfall. During the dry season, even the large rivers have reduced flow of water in their channels. Moreover, due to flowing on hard terrain and short courses, they carry much lesser silt as compared to Himalayan rivers. Incorrect Solution: B Statement 3 is incorrect. The Peninsular rivers have shorter and shallower courses as compared to their Himalayan counterparts. Most of them come from Western Ghats, however, some of them originate in the central highlands and flow towards the west. Rest of them all flow to the east in the Bay of Bengal. A large number of the Peninsular rivers are seasonal, as their flow is dependent on rainfall. During the dry season, even the large rivers have reduced flow of water in their channels. Moreover, due to flowing on hard terrain and short courses, they carry much lesser silt as compared to Himalayan rivers.

#### 4. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Peninsular Rivers.

• The Peninsular rivers have shorter and shallower courses as compared to their Himalayan counterparts.

• A large number of the Peninsular rivers are seasonal.

• Peninsular rivers carry much larger silt as compared to Himalayan rivers which carry fresh water.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: B

Statement 3 is incorrect.

• The Peninsular rivers have shorter and shallower courses as compared to their Himalayan counterparts. Most of them come from Western Ghats, however, some of them originate in the central highlands and flow towards the west. Rest of them all flow to the east in the Bay of Bengal.

• A large number of the Peninsular rivers are seasonal, as their flow is dependent on rainfall. During the dry season, even the large rivers have reduced flow of water in their channels.

• Moreover, due to flowing on hard terrain and short courses, they carry much lesser silt as compared to Himalayan rivers.

Solution: B

Statement 3 is incorrect.

• Moreover, due to flowing on hard terrain and short courses, they carry much lesser silt as compared to Himalayan rivers.

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Consider the following matches of rivers with their origin locations. Sabarmati: Amarkantak Brahmaputra: Kailash Range Krishna: Mahabaleshwar Godavari: Trimbakeshwar Which of the above is/are correctly matched? (a) 1, 2, 3 (b) 1, 3, 4 (c) 2, 3, 4 (d) 1, 2, 3, 4 Correct Solution: C The Sabarmati river is one of the major west-flowing rivers in India. It originates in the Aravalli Range. Brahmaputra river originates from the Kailash ranges of Himalayas. Krishna river’s source is at Mahabaleshwar. The Godavari River rises from Trimbakeshwar in the Nashik district of Maharashtra. Incorrect Solution: C The Sabarmati river is one of the major west-flowing rivers in India. It originates in the Aravalli Range. Brahmaputra river originates from the Kailash ranges of Himalayas. Krishna river’s source is at Mahabaleshwar. The Godavari River rises from Trimbakeshwar in the Nashik district of Maharashtra.

#### 5. Question

Consider the following matches of rivers with their origin locations.

• Sabarmati: Amarkantak

• Brahmaputra: Kailash Range

• Krishna: Mahabaleshwar

• Godavari: Trimbakeshwar

Which of the above is/are correctly matched?

• (a) 1, 2, 3

• (b) 1, 3, 4

• (c) 2, 3, 4

• (d) 1, 2, 3, 4

Solution: C

The Sabarmati river is one of the major west-flowing rivers in India. It originates in the Aravalli Range.

Brahmaputra river originates from the Kailash ranges of Himalayas.

Krishna river’s source is at Mahabaleshwar.

The Godavari River rises from Trimbakeshwar in the Nashik district of Maharashtra.

Solution: C

The Sabarmati river is one of the major west-flowing rivers in India. It originates in the Aravalli Range.

Brahmaputra river originates from the Kailash ranges of Himalayas.

Krishna river’s source is at Mahabaleshwar.

The Godavari River rises from Trimbakeshwar in the Nashik district of Maharashtra.

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