UPSC Static Quiz – Geography : 18 July 2024

UPSC Static Quiz – Geography : 18 July 2024 We will post 5 questions daily on static topics mentioned in the UPSC civil services preliminary examination syllabus. Each week will focus on a specific topic from the syllabus, such as History of India and Indian National Movement, Indian and World Geography, and more.We are excited to bring you our daily UPSC Static Quiz, designed to help you prepare for the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination. Each day, we will post 5 questions on static topics mentioned in the UPSC syllabus. This week, we are focusing on Indian and World Geography.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Consider the following statements. Kuiper Belt is a circumstellar disc in the outer Solar System, extending beyond the orbit of Neptune. Similar to the asteroid belt, the Kuiper Belt is a region of leftovers from the solar system’s early history. Dwarf planets are not located in the Kuiper Belt. Which of the above statements is/are correct? a) 2 only b) 1, 3 c) 2, 3 d) 1, 2 Correct Solution: d) Astronomers have found a ring around a dwarf planet, located in the Kuiper Belt at the solar system’s edge, called Quaoar. With an estimated radius of 555 km, Quaoar is roughly half the size of Pluto and orbits beyond Neptune. It also has a moon of its own, which is known as Weywot. Kuiper Belt is a circumstellar disc in the outer Solar System, extending beyond the orbit of Neptune. Similar to the asteroid belt, the Kuiper Belt is a region of leftovers from the solar system’s early history. Incorrect Solution: d) Astronomers have found a ring around a dwarf planet, located in the Kuiper Belt at the solar system’s edge, called Quaoar. With an estimated radius of 555 km, Quaoar is roughly half the size of Pluto and orbits beyond Neptune. It also has a moon of its own, which is known as Weywot. Kuiper Belt is a circumstellar disc in the outer Solar System, extending beyond the orbit of Neptune. Similar to the asteroid belt, the Kuiper Belt is a region of leftovers from the solar system’s early history.

#### 1. Question

Consider the following statements.

• Kuiper Belt is a circumstellar disc in the outer Solar System, extending beyond the orbit of Neptune.

• Similar to the asteroid belt, the Kuiper Belt is a region of leftovers from the solar system’s early history.

• Dwarf planets are not located in the Kuiper Belt.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

Solution: d)

Astronomers have found a ring around a dwarf planet, located in the Kuiper Belt at the solar system’s edge, called Quaoar.

With an estimated radius of 555 km, Quaoar is roughly half the size of Pluto and orbits beyond Neptune. It also has a moon of its own, which is known as Weywot.

Kuiper Belt is a circumstellar disc in the outer Solar System, extending beyond the orbit of Neptune. Similar to the asteroid belt, the Kuiper Belt is a region of leftovers from the solar system’s early history.

Solution: d)

Astronomers have found a ring around a dwarf planet, located in the Kuiper Belt at the solar system’s edge, called Quaoar.

With an estimated radius of 555 km, Quaoar is roughly half the size of Pluto and orbits beyond Neptune. It also has a moon of its own, which is known as Weywot.

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following statements regarding stellar occultation. A stellar occultation occurs when, as seen from Earth, a bright star passes behind a planet. The phenomenon, which rarely occurs, is used to analyse a planet’s atmosphere and determine if it has a ring around it. Which of the above statements is/are incorrect? a) 1 only b) 2 only c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 Correct Solution: d) A stellar occultation occurs when, as seen from Earth, a bright star passes behind a planet. This allows astronomers or anybody on Earth to observe the sharp silhouette of the planet for a brief period of time. The phenomenon, which rarely occurs, is used by researchers to analyse a planet’s atmosphere and determine if it has a ring around it — in 1977, scientists discovered the Uranian ring system with the help of stellar occultation. Incorrect Solution: d) A stellar occultation occurs when, as seen from Earth, a bright star passes behind a planet. This allows astronomers or anybody on Earth to observe the sharp silhouette of the planet for a brief period of time. The phenomenon, which rarely occurs, is used by researchers to analyse a planet’s atmosphere and determine if it has a ring around it — in 1977, scientists discovered the Uranian ring system with the help of stellar occultation.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements regarding stellar occultation.

• A stellar occultation occurs when, as seen from Earth, a bright star passes behind a planet.

• The phenomenon, which rarely occurs, is used to analyse a planet’s atmosphere and determine if it has a ring around it.

Which of the above statements is/are incorrect?

• c) Both 1 and 2

• d) Neither 1 nor 2

Solution: d)

A stellar occultation occurs when, as seen from Earth, a bright star passes behind a planet. This allows astronomers or anybody on Earth to observe the sharp silhouette of the planet for a brief period of time. The phenomenon, which rarely occurs, is used by researchers to analyse a planet’s atmosphere and determine if it has a ring around it — in 1977, scientists discovered the Uranian ring system with the help of stellar occultation.

Solution: d)

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Consider the following statements regarding Godavari River. The Godavari River rises from Trimbakeshwar and drains into Arabian Sea. Godavari is the largest River in peninsular India. Purna, Indravati, Musi and Majira are the tributaries of the Godavari River. Which of the above statements is/are correct? a) 1, 2 b) 2 only c) 1, 3 d) 1, 2, 3 Correct Ans: (b) Explanation: Context: The Supreme Court ruled that states cannot modify the Schedule Caste (SC) list published under Article 341 of the Constitution. The court quashed a Bihar government notification from 2015 that classified the Tanti-Tantwa community as SC, reverting them back to the category of Extremely Backward Class. The court called the notification “mala fide” and emphasized that only Parliament has the authority to amend the SC list through legislation, not state governments. Article 341 of the Indian Constitution specifically deals with the identification and declaration of Scheduled Castes in India. It empowers the President to specify the castes, races, or tribes which shall be deemed to be Scheduled Castes in a particular state or union territory. Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/07/17/upsc-current-affairs-17-july-2024/ Incorrect Ans: (b) Explanation: Context: The Supreme Court ruled that states cannot modify the Schedule Caste (SC) list published under Article 341 of the Constitution. The court quashed a Bihar government notification from 2015 that classified the Tanti-Tantwa community as SC, reverting them back to the category of Extremely Backward Class. The court called the notification “mala fide” and emphasized that only Parliament has the authority to amend the SC list through legislation, not state governments. Article 341 of the Indian Constitution specifically deals with the identification and declaration of Scheduled Castes in India. It empowers the President to specify the castes, races, or tribes which shall be deemed to be Scheduled Castes in a particular state or union territory. Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/07/17/upsc-current-affairs-17-july-2024/

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Godavari River.

• The Godavari River rises from Trimbakeshwar and drains into Arabian Sea.

• Godavari is the largest River in peninsular India.

• Purna, Indravati, Musi and Majira are the tributaries of the Godavari River.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• d) 1, 2, 3

Explanation:

• Context: The Supreme Court ruled that states cannot modify the Schedule Caste (SC) list published under Article 341 of the Constitution. The court quashed a Bihar government notification from 2015 that classified the Tanti-Tantwa community as SC, reverting them back to the category of Extremely Backward Class. The court called the notification “mala fide” and emphasized that only Parliament has the authority to amend the SC list through legislation, not state governments.

• The court quashed a Bihar government notification from 2015 that classified the Tanti-Tantwa community as SC, reverting them back to the category of Extremely Backward Class. The court called the notification “mala fide” and emphasized that only Parliament has the authority to amend the SC list through legislation, not state governments.

• Article 341 of the Indian Constitution specifically deals with the identification and declaration of Scheduled Castes in India. It empowers the President to specify the castes, races, or tribes which shall be deemed to be Scheduled Castes in a particular state or union territory.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/07/17/upsc-current-affairs-17-july-2024/

Explanation:

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/07/17/upsc-current-affairs-17-july-2024/

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Consider the following statements regarding lightning. Lightning is a rapid and massive electrical discharge that takes place between storm clouds and the ground. Lightning doesn’t occur within the clouds themselves. Soaring global temperatures could lead to more “hot lightning” strikes in many parts of the world. Which of the above statements is/are correct? a) 1, 2 b) 1, 3 c) 2, 3 d) 1, 2, 3 Correct Solution: b) Soaring global temperatures could lead to more “hot lightning” strikes in many parts of the world. This type of lightning is more likely to ignite wildfires than typical lightning. According to the researchers, lightning is a major cause of triggering wildfires and is responsible for producing the largest wildfires in some regions, including the Western United States. Lightning-caused wildfires are dangerous as they spread rapidly before a strong response can be implemented and release substantial amounts of carbon, nitrogen oxides and other trace gases into the atmosphere. Lightning is a rapid and massive electrical discharge that takes place between storm clouds and the ground, or within the clouds themselves. Scientists believe that for lightning to occur, positive and negative charges must separate within a cloud. This happens, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), when the water droplets in the bottom part of the cloud are moved upwards, where the much colder atmosphere freezes them into small ice crystals. As these small ice crystals continue to go up, they gain more mass and eventually become so heavy that they start to fall down to Earth. This causes a system in which ice crystals going down collides with the water vapours coming up, leading to the accumulation of positive charges on the top of the cloud and negative changes gathering at the base, while the atmosphere between them in the cloud acts as an insulator. When the positive and negative charges grow large enough, their strength overpowers the insulating properties of the properties. As a result, the two kinds of charges meet with each other and produce lightning. Although most of the lightning takes place within the clouds, sometimes it is directed towards Earth also. With the base of the cloud becoming negatively charged, positive charges start accumulating on tall objects, like trees, poles and buildings. Incorrect Solution: b) Soaring global temperatures could lead to more “hot lightning” strikes in many parts of the world. This type of lightning is more likely to ignite wildfires than typical lightning. According to the researchers, lightning is a major cause of triggering wildfires and is responsible for producing the largest wildfires in some regions, including the Western United States. Lightning-caused wildfires are dangerous as they spread rapidly before a strong response can be implemented and release substantial amounts of carbon, nitrogen oxides and other trace gases into the atmosphere. Lightning is a rapid and massive electrical discharge that takes place between storm clouds and the ground, or within the clouds themselves. Scientists believe that for lightning to occur, positive and negative charges must separate within a cloud. This happens, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), when the water droplets in the bottom part of the cloud are moved upwards, where the much colder atmosphere freezes them into small ice crystals. As these small ice crystals continue to go up, they gain more mass and eventually become so heavy that they start to fall down to Earth. This causes a system in which ice crystals going down collides with the water vapours coming up, leading to the accumulation of positive charges on the top of the cloud and negative changes gathering at the base, while the atmosphere between them in the cloud acts as an insulator. When the positive and negative charges grow large enough, their strength overpowers the insulating properties of the properties. As a result, the two kinds of charges meet with each other and produce lightning. Although most of the lightning takes place within the clouds, sometimes it is directed towards Earth also. With the base of the cloud becoming negatively charged, positive charges start accumulating on tall objects, like trees, poles and buildings.

#### 4. Question

Consider the following statements regarding lightning.

• Lightning is a rapid and massive electrical discharge that takes place between storm clouds and the ground.

• Lightning doesn’t occur within the clouds themselves.

• Soaring global temperatures could lead to more “hot lightning” strikes in many parts of the world.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• d) 1, 2, 3

Solution: b)

Soaring global temperatures could lead to more “hot lightning” strikes in many parts of the world. This type of lightning is more likely to ignite wildfires than typical lightning.

According to the researchers, lightning is a major cause of triggering wildfires and is responsible for producing the largest wildfires in some regions, including the Western United States. Lightning-caused wildfires are dangerous as they spread rapidly before a strong response can be implemented and release substantial amounts of carbon, nitrogen oxides and other trace gases into the atmosphere.

Lightning is a rapid and massive electrical discharge that takes place between storm clouds and the ground, or within the clouds themselves. Scientists believe that for lightning to occur, positive and negative charges must separate within a cloud. This happens, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), when the water droplets in the bottom part of the cloud are moved upwards, where the much colder atmosphere freezes them into small ice crystals.

As these small ice crystals continue to go up, they gain more mass and eventually become so heavy that they start to fall down to Earth. This causes a system in which ice crystals going down collides with the water vapours coming up, leading to the accumulation of positive charges on the top of the cloud and negative changes gathering at the base, while the atmosphere between them in the cloud acts as an insulator.

When the positive and negative charges grow large enough, their strength overpowers the insulating properties of the properties. As a result, the two kinds of charges meet with each other and produce lightning.

Although most of the lightning takes place within the clouds, sometimes it is directed towards Earth also. With the base of the cloud becoming negatively charged, positive charges start accumulating on tall objects, like trees, poles and buildings.

Solution: b)

Soaring global temperatures could lead to more “hot lightning” strikes in many parts of the world. This type of lightning is more likely to ignite wildfires than typical lightning.

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Consider the following statements regarding Tornadoes. Tornadoes are whirling, vertical air columns that form from thunderstorms, without stretching to the ground. Changes in the wind’s speed and direction can lead to strong tornadoes. Which of the above statements is/are correct? a) 1 only b) 2 only c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 Correct Solution: b) Tornadoes are whirling, vertical air columns that form from thunderstorms and stretch to the ground. They travel with ferocious speed and lay waste to everything in their path. When winds vary in speed or direction at different altitudes–a condition known as wind shear–the updraft will start to spin. These changes in winds produce the spin necessary for a tornado. For especially strong tornadoes, changes are needed in both the wind’s speed and direction. Incorrect Solution: b) Tornadoes are whirling, vertical air columns that form from thunderstorms and stretch to the ground. They travel with ferocious speed and lay waste to everything in their path. When winds vary in speed or direction at different altitudes–a condition known as wind shear–the updraft will start to spin. These changes in winds produce the spin necessary for a tornado. For especially strong tornadoes, changes are needed in both the wind’s speed and direction.

#### 5. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Tornadoes.

• Tornadoes are whirling, vertical air columns that form from thunderstorms, without stretching to the ground.

• Changes in the wind’s speed and direction can lead to strong tornadoes.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• c) Both 1 and 2

• d) Neither 1 nor 2

Solution: b)

Tornadoes are whirling, vertical air columns that form from thunderstorms and stretch to the ground. They travel with ferocious speed and lay waste to everything in their path.

When winds vary in speed or direction at different altitudes–a condition known as wind shear–the updraft will start to spin.

These changes in winds produce the spin necessary for a tornado. For especially strong tornadoes, changes are needed in both the wind’s speed and direction.

Solution: b)

Tornadoes are whirling, vertical air columns that form from thunderstorms and stretch to the ground. They travel with ferocious speed and lay waste to everything in their path.

When winds vary in speed or direction at different altitudes–a condition known as wind shear–the updraft will start to spin.

These changes in winds produce the spin necessary for a tornado. For especially strong tornadoes, changes are needed in both the wind’s speed and direction.

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