UPSC Static Quiz – Geography : 18 April 2025

UPSC Static Quiz – Geography : 18 April 2025 We will post 5 questions daily on static topics mentioned in the UPSC civil services preliminary examination syllabus. Each week will focus on a specific topic from the syllabus, such as History of India and Indian National Movement, Indian and World Geography, and more.We are excited to bring you our daily UPSC Static Quiz, designed to help you prepare for the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination. Each day, we will post 5 questions on static topics mentioned in the UPSC syllabus. This week, we are focusing on Indian and World Geography.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Consider the following statements. Heat waves begin when high pressure in the atmosphere moves in and pushes warm air toward the ground. A hot spell is labelled as a ‘Heat Wave’ only when temperatures are above the historical average in an area for more than one week. When heat waves occur, the wind and cloud cover are minimised, which makes the air hotter. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 2 is incorrect. Temperatures must be above the historical average in an area for two or more days before the label “heat wave” is applied to a hot spell. But the definition can vary by region; Heat waves begin when high pressure in the atmosphere moves in and pushes warm air toward the ground. That air warms up further as it is compressed, and we begin to feel a lot hotter. The high-pressure system pressing down on the ground expands vertically, forcing other weather systems to change course. It even minimizes wind and cloud cover, making the air more stifling. This is also why a heat wave parks itself over an area for several days or longer. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 2 is incorrect. Temperatures must be above the historical average in an area for two or more days before the label “heat wave” is applied to a hot spell. But the definition can vary by region; Heat waves begin when high pressure in the atmosphere moves in and pushes warm air toward the ground. That air warms up further as it is compressed, and we begin to feel a lot hotter. The high-pressure system pressing down on the ground expands vertically, forcing other weather systems to change course. It even minimizes wind and cloud cover, making the air more stifling. This is also why a heat wave parks itself over an area for several days or longer.

#### 1. Question

Consider the following statements.

• Heat waves begin when high pressure in the atmosphere moves in and pushes warm air toward the ground.

• A hot spell is labelled as a ‘Heat Wave’ only when temperatures are above the historical average in an area for more than one week.

• When heat waves occur, the wind and cloud cover are minimised, which makes the air hotter.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 2 is incorrect.

Temperatures must be above the historical average in an area for two or more days before the label “heat wave” is applied to a hot spell. But the definition can vary by region;

Heat waves begin when high pressure in the atmosphere moves in and pushes warm air toward the ground. That air warms up further as it is compressed, and we begin to feel a lot hotter.

The high-pressure system pressing down on the ground expands vertically, forcing other weather systems to change course. It even minimizes wind and cloud cover, making the air more stifling. This is also why a heat wave parks itself over an area for several days or longer.

Solution: b)

Statement 2 is incorrect.

Temperatures must be above the historical average in an area for two or more days before the label “heat wave” is applied to a hot spell. But the definition can vary by region;

Heat waves begin when high pressure in the atmosphere moves in and pushes warm air toward the ground. That air warms up further as it is compressed, and we begin to feel a lot hotter.

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following statements. Relative humidity is greater over the continents and least over the oceans. The temperature at which saturation occurs in a given sample of air is known as dew point. High relative humidity of the air occurs when the air temperature approaches the dew point value. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: B Statement 1 is incorrect. The percentage of moisture present in the atmosphere as compared to its full capacity at a given temperature is known as the relative humidity. With the change of air temperature, the capacity to retain moisture increases or decreases and the relative humidity is also affected. It is greater over the oceans and least over the continents. The air containing moisture to its full capacity at a given temperature is said to be saturated. It means that the air at the given temperature is incapable of holding any additional amount of moisture at that stage. The temperature at which saturation occurs in a given sample of air is known as dew point. As air temperature increases, air can hold more water molecules, and its relative humidity decreases. When temperatures drop, relative humidity increases. High relative humidity of the air occurs when the air temperature approaches the dew point value. Temperature therefore directly relates to the amount of moisture the atmosphere can hold. Incorrect Solution: B Statement 1 is incorrect. The percentage of moisture present in the atmosphere as compared to its full capacity at a given temperature is known as the relative humidity. With the change of air temperature, the capacity to retain moisture increases or decreases and the relative humidity is also affected. It is greater over the oceans and least over the continents. The air containing moisture to its full capacity at a given temperature is said to be saturated. It means that the air at the given temperature is incapable of holding any additional amount of moisture at that stage. The temperature at which saturation occurs in a given sample of air is known as dew point. As air temperature increases, air can hold more water molecules, and its relative humidity decreases. When temperatures drop, relative humidity increases. High relative humidity of the air occurs when the air temperature approaches the dew point value. Temperature therefore directly relates to the amount of moisture the atmosphere can hold.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements.

• Relative humidity is greater over the continents and least over the oceans.

• The temperature at which saturation occurs in a given sample of air is known as dew point.

• High relative humidity of the air occurs when the air temperature approaches the dew point value.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: B

Statement 1 is incorrect.

• The percentage of moisture present in the atmosphere as compared to its full capacity at a given temperature is known as the relative humidity. With the change of air temperature, the capacity to retain moisture increases or decreases and the relative humidity is also affected. It is greater over the oceans and least over the continents. The air containing moisture to its full capacity at a given temperature is said to be saturated. It means that the air at the given temperature is incapable of holding any additional amount of moisture at that stage. The temperature at which saturation occurs in a given sample of air is known as dew point.

• As air temperature increases, air can hold more water molecules, and its relative humidity decreases. When temperatures drop, relative humidity increases. High relative humidity of the air occurs when the air temperature approaches the dew point value. Temperature therefore directly relates to the amount of moisture the atmosphere can hold.

Solution: B

Statement 1 is incorrect.

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question In deeper parts of oceans, primary production remains almost nil due to the absence of a) Ocean currents b) Excess of sulphides c) Upwelling of water d) Sunlight Correct Solution: d) The oceans below the photic zone are a vast space, largely dependent on food from photosynthetic primary producers living in the sunlit waters above. This is because phytoplanktons (primary production) require abundant sunlight and nutrients to grow well. Incorrect Solution: d) The oceans below the photic zone are a vast space, largely dependent on food from photosynthetic primary producers living in the sunlit waters above. This is because phytoplanktons (primary production) require abundant sunlight and nutrients to grow well.

#### 3. Question

In deeper parts of oceans, primary production remains almost nil due to the absence of

• a) Ocean currents

• b) Excess of sulphides

• c) Upwelling of water

• d) Sunlight

Solution: d)

The oceans below the photic zone are a vast space, largely dependent on food from photosynthetic primary producers living in the sunlit waters above.

This is because phytoplanktons (primary production) require abundant sunlight and nutrients to grow well.

Solution: d)

The oceans below the photic zone are a vast space, largely dependent on food from photosynthetic primary producers living in the sunlit waters above.

This is because phytoplanktons (primary production) require abundant sunlight and nutrients to grow well.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question The countries that border Red Sea are Eritrea Yemen Oman Sudan Saudi Arabia Select the correct answer code: a) 1, 2, 3, 4 b) 2, 3, 4, 5 c) 1, 2, 4, 5 d) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Correct Solution: c) The six countries bordering the Red Sea are: Eastern shore: Saudi Arabia Yemen Western shore: Egypt Sudan Eritrea Djibouti Incorrect Solution: c) The six countries bordering the Red Sea are: Eastern shore: Saudi Arabia Yemen Western shore: Egypt Sudan Eritrea Djibouti

#### 4. Question

The countries that border Red Sea are

• Saudi Arabia

Select the correct answer code:

• a) 1, 2, 3, 4

• b) 2, 3, 4, 5

• c) 1, 2, 4, 5

• d) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Solution: c)

The six countries bordering the Red Sea are:

Eastern shore:

• Saudi Arabia

Western shore:

Solution: c)

The six countries bordering the Red Sea are:

Eastern shore:

• Saudi Arabia

Western shore:

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Winter rainfall in Punjab, Haryana, Delhi and western Uttar Pradesh occurs mainly due to Northeast monsoon crossing over the Bay of Bengal Anti-cyclonic circulation patterns in Northern India in winter Arrival of weak temperate cyclones from the Mediterranean Sea How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: a) Only Statement 3 is correct. Winter monsoons do not cause rainfall as they move from land to the sea. It is because firstly, they have little humidity; and secondly, due to anti-cyclonic circulation on land, the possibility of rainfall from them reduces. So, most parts of India do not have rainfall in the winter season. However, there are some exceptions to it: In northwestern India, some weak temperate cyclones from the Mediterranean Sea cause rainfall in Punjab, Haryana, Delhi and western Uttar Pradesh. During October and November, northeast monsoon while crossing over the Bay of Bengal, picks up moisture and causes torrential rainfall over the Tamil Nadu coast, southern Andhra Pradesh, southeast Karnataka and southeast Kerala. Incorrect Solution: a) Only Statement 3 is correct. Winter monsoons do not cause rainfall as they move from land to the sea. It is because firstly, they have little humidity; and secondly, due to anti-cyclonic circulation on land, the possibility of rainfall from them reduces. So, most parts of India do not have rainfall in the winter season. However, there are some exceptions to it: In northwestern India, some weak temperate cyclones from the Mediterranean Sea cause rainfall in Punjab, Haryana, Delhi and western Uttar Pradesh. During October and November, northeast monsoon while crossing over the Bay of Bengal, picks up moisture and causes torrential rainfall over the Tamil Nadu coast, southern Andhra Pradesh, southeast Karnataka and southeast Kerala.

#### 5. Question

Winter rainfall in Punjab, Haryana, Delhi and western Uttar Pradesh occurs mainly due to

• Northeast monsoon crossing over the Bay of Bengal

• Anti-cyclonic circulation patterns in Northern India in winter

• Arrival of weak temperate cyclones from the Mediterranean Sea

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: a)

Only Statement 3 is correct.

Winter monsoons do not cause rainfall as they move from land to the sea. It is because firstly, they have little humidity; and secondly, due to anti-cyclonic circulation on land, the possibility of rainfall from them reduces. So, most parts of India do not have rainfall in the winter season. However, there are some exceptions to it:

• In northwestern India, some weak temperate cyclones from the Mediterranean Sea cause rainfall in Punjab, Haryana, Delhi and western Uttar Pradesh.

• During October and November, northeast monsoon while crossing over the Bay of Bengal, picks up moisture and causes torrential rainfall over the Tamil Nadu coast, southern Andhra Pradesh, southeast Karnataka and southeast Kerala.

Solution: a)

Only Statement 3 is correct.

• In northwestern India, some weak temperate cyclones from the Mediterranean Sea cause rainfall in Punjab, Haryana, Delhi and western Uttar Pradesh.

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