UPSC STATIC QUIZ – Geography : 14 May 2024

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We will post 5 questions daily on static topics mentioned in the UPSC civil services preliminary examination syllabus. Each week will focus on a specific topic from the syllabus, such as History of India and Indian National Movement, Indian and World Geography, and more.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Which among the following statements best describes the term ‘Black Gold’: a) Coal and its derivatives b) Residual that remain after Gold extraction c) Petroleum and its derivatives d) Gold extracted from Placer deposits Correct Solution: c) Petroleum is found between the layers of rocks and is drilled from oil fields located in off-shore and coastal areas. This is then sent to refineries which process the crude oil and produce a variety of products like diesel, petrol, kerosene, wax, plastics and lubricants. Petroleum and its derivatives are called Black Gold as they are very valuable. Incorrect Solution: c) Petroleum is found between the layers of rocks and is drilled from oil fields located in off-shore and coastal areas. This is then sent to refineries which process the crude oil and produce a variety of products like diesel, petrol, kerosene, wax, plastics and lubricants. Petroleum and its derivatives are called Black Gold as they are very valuable.

#### 1. Question

Which among the following statements best describes the term ‘Black Gold’:

• a) Coal and its derivatives

• b) Residual that remain after Gold extraction

• c) Petroleum and its derivatives

• d) Gold extracted from Placer deposits

Solution: c)

Petroleum is found between the layers of rocks and is drilled from oil fields located in off-shore and coastal areas. This is then sent to refineries which process the crude oil and produce a variety of products like diesel, petrol, kerosene, wax, plastics and lubricants. Petroleum and its derivatives are called Black Gold as they are very valuable.

Solution: c)

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following statements regarding Mekong River. Mekong River rises in the Tibetan Plateau and flows into South China Sea. The capital of Laos and Cambodia are situated on the banks of the Mekong River. Which of the above statements is/are incorrect? (a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 Correct Solution: d) The Mekong begins on the Tibetan Plateau and runs for more than 2,600 miles through China, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam before emptying into the South China Sea. The capital of Laos, and the capital of Cambodia both stand on its banks. Incorrect Solution: d) The Mekong begins on the Tibetan Plateau and runs for more than 2,600 miles through China, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam before emptying into the South China Sea. The capital of Laos, and the capital of Cambodia both stand on its banks.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Mekong River.

• Mekong River rises in the Tibetan Plateau and flows into South China Sea.

• The capital of Laos and Cambodia are situated on the banks of the Mekong River.

Which of the above statements is/are incorrect?

• (a) 1 only

• (b) 2 only

• (c) Both 1 and 2

• (d) Neither 1 nor 2

Solution: d)

The Mekong begins on the Tibetan Plateau and runs for more than 2,600 miles through China, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam before emptying into the South China Sea.

The capital of Laos, and the capital of Cambodia both stand on its banks.

Solution: d)

The Mekong begins on the Tibetan Plateau and runs for more than 2,600 miles through China, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam before emptying into the South China Sea.

The capital of Laos, and the capital of Cambodia both stand on its banks.

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Which of the following is not a tributary of the River Indus? a) Shyok River b) Zanskar River c) Kameng River d) Beas River Correct Solution: c) Its left-bank tributary in Ladakh is the Zanskar River, and its left-bank tributary in the plains is the Panjnad River which is formed by the successive confluences of the five Punjab rivers, namely the Chenab, Jhelum, Ravi, Beas, and Sutlej rivers. Its principal right-bank tributaries are the Shyok, Gilgit, Kabul, Kurram, and Gomal rivers. River Kameng is a major tributary of Brahmaputra River. Incorrect Solution: c) Its left-bank tributary in Ladakh is the Zanskar River, and its left-bank tributary in the plains is the Panjnad River which is formed by the successive confluences of the five Punjab rivers, namely the Chenab, Jhelum, Ravi, Beas, and Sutlej rivers. Its principal right-bank tributaries are the Shyok, Gilgit, Kabul, Kurram, and Gomal rivers. River Kameng is a major tributary of Brahmaputra River.

#### 3. Question

Which of the following is not a tributary of the River Indus?

• a) Shyok River

• b) Zanskar River

• c) Kameng River

• d) Beas River

Solution: c)

Its left-bank tributary in Ladakh is the Zanskar River, and its left-bank tributary in the plains is the Panjnad River which is formed by the successive confluences of the five Punjab rivers, namely the Chenab, Jhelum, Ravi, Beas, and Sutlej rivers. Its principal right-bank tributaries are the Shyok, Gilgit, Kabul, Kurram, and Gomal rivers.

River Kameng is a major tributary of Brahmaputra River.

Solution: c)

River Kameng is a major tributary of Brahmaputra River.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question The term demographic trap is used by demographers to describe the combination of Increasing Mortality High Fertility rate Declining mortality Sub-replacement level fertility rates Select the correct answer code: a) 1, 3 b) 1, 4 c) 2, 3 d) 1, 2 Correct Solution: c) The term demographic trap is used by demographers “to describe the combination of high fertility (birth rates) and declining mortality (death rates) in developing countries, resulting in a period of high population growth rate (PGR).” Incorrect Solution: c) The term demographic trap is used by demographers “to describe the combination of high fertility (birth rates) and declining mortality (death rates) in developing countries, resulting in a period of high population growth rate (PGR).”

#### 4. Question

The term demographic trap is used by demographers to describe the combination of

• Increasing Mortality

• High Fertility rate

• Declining mortality

• Sub-replacement level fertility rates

Select the correct answer code:

Solution: c)

The term demographic trap is used by demographers “to describe the combination of high fertility (birth rates) and declining mortality (death rates) in developing countries, resulting in a period of high population growth rate (PGR).”

Solution: c)

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Consider the following statements. Heat waves begin when high pressure in the atmosphere moves in and pushes warm air toward the ground. A hot spell is labelled as a ‘Heat Wave’ only when temperatures are above the historical average in an area for more than one week. When heat waves occur, the wind and cloud cover are minimised, which makes the air hotter. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 2 is incorrect. Temperatures must be above the historical average in an area for two or more days before the label “heat wave” is applied to a hot spell. But the definition can vary by region; Heat waves begin when high pressure in the atmosphere moves in and pushes warm air toward the ground. That air warms up further as it is compressed, and we begin to feel a lot hotter. The high-pressure system pressing down on the ground expands vertically, forcing other weather systems to change course. It even minimizes wind and cloud cover, making the air more stifling. This is also why a heat wave parks itself over an area for several days or longer. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 2 is incorrect. Temperatures must be above the historical average in an area for two or more days before the label “heat wave” is applied to a hot spell. But the definition can vary by region; Heat waves begin when high pressure in the atmosphere moves in and pushes warm air toward the ground. That air warms up further as it is compressed, and we begin to feel a lot hotter. The high-pressure system pressing down on the ground expands vertically, forcing other weather systems to change course. It even minimizes wind and cloud cover, making the air more stifling. This is also why a heat wave parks itself over an area for several days or longer.

#### 5. Question

Consider the following statements.

• Heat waves begin when high pressure in the atmosphere moves in and pushes warm air toward the ground.

• A hot spell is labelled as a ‘Heat Wave’ only when temperatures are above the historical average in an area for more than one week.

• When heat waves occur, the wind and cloud cover are minimised, which makes the air hotter.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 2 is incorrect.

Temperatures must be above the historical average in an area for two or more days before the label “heat wave” is applied to a hot spell. But the definition can vary by region;

Heat waves begin when high pressure in the atmosphere moves in and pushes warm air toward the ground. That air warms up further as it is compressed, and we begin to feel a lot hotter.

The high-pressure system pressing down on the ground expands vertically, forcing other weather systems to change course. It even minimizes wind and cloud cover, making the air more stifling. This is also why a heat wave parks itself over an area for several days or longer.

Solution: b)

Statement 2 is incorrect.

Temperatures must be above the historical average in an area for two or more days before the label “heat wave” is applied to a hot spell. But the definition can vary by region;

Heat waves begin when high pressure in the atmosphere moves in and pushes warm air toward the ground. That air warms up further as it is compressed, and we begin to feel a lot hotter.

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