UPSC Static Quiz – Environment : 26 April 2025

UPSC Static Quiz – Environment : 26 April 2025 We will post 5 questions daily on static topics mentioned in the UPSC civil services preliminary examination syllabus. Each week will focus on a specific topic from the syllabus, such as History of India and Indian National Movement, Indian and World Geography, and more.We are excited to bring you our daily UPSC Static Quiz, designed to help you prepare for the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination. Each day, we will post 5 questions on static topics mentioned in the UPSC syllabus. This week, we are focusing on Indian and World Geography.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Living organisms respond in different ways to the abiotic stressful conditions like temperature, altitude etc. In this context, which of the following are examples of the adaptation? Keoladeo National Park witnessing thousands of migratory birds in winter season. Very small animals are rarely found in polar regions. People living at high altitudes have a higher Red Blood Cell (RBC) account than people living on the plains. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: d) Each of the three statements represents a valid ecological adaptation to abiotic stress, such as extreme temperatures, seasonal changes, or low oxygen levels: Migratory birds in Keoladeo National Park: This is an example of behavioral adaptation. Birds migrate to avoid harsh winters and ensure access to food and suitable breeding conditions. Absence of small animals in polar regions: This is a case of physiological or morphological adaptation explained by Bergmann’s Rule, which states that animals in colder climates tend to be larger in size to conserve heat more efficiently. High RBC count in people at high altitudes: This is a physiological adaptation to low oxygen availability (hypoxia) at high elevations. The body compensates by producing more red blood cells to enhance oxygen transport. Incorrect Solution: d) Each of the three statements represents a valid ecological adaptation to abiotic stress, such as extreme temperatures, seasonal changes, or low oxygen levels: Migratory birds in Keoladeo National Park: This is an example of behavioral adaptation. Birds migrate to avoid harsh winters and ensure access to food and suitable breeding conditions. Absence of small animals in polar regions: This is a case of physiological or morphological adaptation explained by Bergmann’s Rule, which states that animals in colder climates tend to be larger in size to conserve heat more efficiently. High RBC count in people at high altitudes: This is a physiological adaptation to low oxygen availability (hypoxia) at high elevations. The body compensates by producing more red blood cells to enhance oxygen transport.

#### 1. Question

Living organisms respond in different ways to the abiotic stressful conditions like temperature, altitude etc. In this context, which of the following are examples of the adaptation?

• Keoladeo National Park witnessing thousands of migratory birds in winter season.

• Very small animals are rarely found in polar regions.

• People living at high altitudes have a higher Red Blood Cell (RBC) account than people living on the plains.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: d)

Each of the three statements represents a valid ecological adaptation to abiotic stress, such as extreme temperatures, seasonal changes, or low oxygen levels:

• Migratory birds in Keoladeo National Park: This is an example of behavioral adaptation. Birds migrate to avoid harsh winters and ensure access to food and suitable breeding conditions.

• Absence of small animals in polar regions: This is a case of physiological or morphological adaptation explained by Bergmann’s Rule, which states that animals in colder climates tend to be larger in size to conserve heat more efficiently.

• High RBC count in people at high altitudes: This is a physiological adaptation to low oxygen availability (hypoxia) at high elevations. The body compensates by producing more red blood cells to enhance oxygen transport.

Solution: d)

Each of the three statements represents a valid ecological adaptation to abiotic stress, such as extreme temperatures, seasonal changes, or low oxygen levels:

• Migratory birds in Keoladeo National Park: This is an example of behavioral adaptation. Birds migrate to avoid harsh winters and ensure access to food and suitable breeding conditions.

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following statements regarding Dead Zones. Dead Zone is an area in water body that contains high concentration of oxygen. It can be caused by excessive nutrient pollution from human activities. Warming of the atmosphere through climate change can lead to expansion of ‘dead zones’ in the ocean. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 1 is incorrect. Dead Zone is an area in water body that contains little or no oxygen (or they are hypoxic) in bottom and near-bottom water. Mostly they occur naturally but it can be caused by excessive nutrient pollution from human activities coupled with other factors. They are well-known off western coasts of North and South America, off coast of Namibia and off west coast of India in Arabian Sea. In recent times, warming of the atmosphere through climate change is predicted to lead expansion of ‘dead zones’ in the ocean. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 1 is incorrect. Dead Zone is an area in water body that contains little or no oxygen (or they are hypoxic) in bottom and near-bottom water. Mostly they occur naturally but it can be caused by excessive nutrient pollution from human activities coupled with other factors. They are well-known off western coasts of North and South America, off coast of Namibia and off west coast of India in Arabian Sea. In recent times, warming of the atmosphere through climate change is predicted to lead expansion of ‘dead zones’ in the ocean.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Dead Zones.

• Dead Zone is an area in water body that contains high concentration of oxygen.

• It can be caused by excessive nutrient pollution from human activities.

• Warming of the atmosphere through climate change can lead to expansion of ‘dead zones’ in the ocean.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is incorrect.

Dead Zone is an area in water body that contains little or no oxygen (or they are hypoxic) in bottom and near-bottom water.

Mostly they occur naturally but it can be caused by excessive nutrient pollution from human activities coupled with other factors.

They are well-known off western coasts of North and South America, off coast of Namibia and off west coast of India in Arabian Sea.

In recent times, warming of the atmosphere through climate change is predicted to lead expansion of ‘dead zones’ in the ocean.

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is incorrect.

Dead Zone is an area in water body that contains little or no oxygen (or they are hypoxic) in bottom and near-bottom water.

Mostly they occur naturally but it can be caused by excessive nutrient pollution from human activities coupled with other factors.

They are well-known off western coasts of North and South America, off coast of Namibia and off west coast of India in Arabian Sea.

In recent times, warming of the atmosphere through climate change is predicted to lead expansion of ‘dead zones’ in the ocean.

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Consider the following about Glaciers. Most of the world’s glaciers exist in the polar regions. About two percent of all the water on Earth is frozen in glaciers. The Andes Mountain range in South America contains some of the world’s largest tropical glaciers. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: c) Glaciers are massive bodies of slowly moving ice. Glaciers form on land, and they are made up of fallen snow that gets compressed into ice over many centuries. They move slowly downward from the pull of gravity. Most of the world’s glaciers exist in the polar regions, in areas like Greenland, the Canadian Arctic, and Antarctica. Glaciers also can be found closer to the Equator in some mountain regions. The Andes Mountain range in South America contains some of the world’s largest tropical glaciers. About 2 percent of all the water on Earth is frozen in glaciers. The material carried by the glacier such as rocks big and small, sand and silt gets deposited. These deposits form glacial moraines. Glaciers movements carve out deep hollows. When they retreat and as the ice melts these hollows get filled up with water and become beautiful lakes in the mountains. Incorrect Solution: c) Glaciers are massive bodies of slowly moving ice. Glaciers form on land, and they are made up of fallen snow that gets compressed into ice over many centuries. They move slowly downward from the pull of gravity. Most of the world’s glaciers exist in the polar regions, in areas like Greenland, the Canadian Arctic, and Antarctica. Glaciers also can be found closer to the Equator in some mountain regions. The Andes Mountain range in South America contains some of the world’s largest tropical glaciers. About 2 percent of all the water on Earth is frozen in glaciers. The material carried by the glacier such as rocks big and small, sand and silt gets deposited. These deposits form glacial moraines. Glaciers movements carve out deep hollows. When they retreat and as the ice melts these hollows get filled up with water and become beautiful lakes in the mountains.

#### 3. Question

Consider the following about Glaciers.

• Most of the world’s glaciers exist in the polar regions.

• About two percent of all the water on Earth is frozen in glaciers.

• The Andes Mountain range in South America contains some of the world’s largest tropical glaciers.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: c)

Glaciers are massive bodies of slowly moving ice. Glaciers form on land, and they are made up of fallen snow that gets compressed into ice over many centuries. They move slowly downward from the pull of gravity.

Most of the world’s glaciers exist in the polar regions, in areas like Greenland, the Canadian Arctic, and Antarctica. Glaciers also can be found closer to the Equator in some mountain regions. The Andes Mountain range in South America contains some of the world’s largest tropical glaciers. About 2 percent of all the water on Earth is frozen in glaciers.

The material carried by the glacier such as rocks big and small, sand and silt gets deposited. These deposits form glacial moraines.

Glaciers movements carve out deep hollows. When they retreat and as the ice melts these hollows get filled up with water and become beautiful lakes in the mountains.

Solution: c)

The material carried by the glacier such as rocks big and small, sand and silt gets deposited. These deposits form glacial moraines.

Glaciers movements carve out deep hollows. When they retreat and as the ice melts these hollows get filled up with water and become beautiful lakes in the mountains.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Consider the following statements regarding dissolved oxygen in an aquatic ecosystem It increases with increase in temperature of a water-body. Its concentration in fresh water is usually more than the concentration of oxygen in air. Snow cover of ice on water reduces dissolved oxygen concentration. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: a) Only Statement 3 is correct. Dissolved oxygen (DO) is a measure of how much oxygen is dissolved in the water – the amount of oxygen available to living aquatic organisms. The amount of dissolved oxygen in a stream or lake can tell us a lot about its water quality. Oxygen concentrations are much higher in air, which is about 21% oxygen, than in water, which is a tiny fraction of 1 percent oxygen. Dissolved oxygen levels decrease with increasing temperature and atmospheric oxygen content is far higher than dissolved oxygen levels. Ice and snow reduce the amount of sunlight reaching aquatic plants, thereby reducing photosynthesis and oxygen production. Incorrect Solution: a) Only Statement 3 is correct. Dissolved oxygen (DO) is a measure of how much oxygen is dissolved in the water – the amount of oxygen available to living aquatic organisms. The amount of dissolved oxygen in a stream or lake can tell us a lot about its water quality. Oxygen concentrations are much higher in air, which is about 21% oxygen, than in water, which is a tiny fraction of 1 percent oxygen. Dissolved oxygen levels decrease with increasing temperature and atmospheric oxygen content is far higher than dissolved oxygen levels. Ice and snow reduce the amount of sunlight reaching aquatic plants, thereby reducing photosynthesis and oxygen production.

#### 4. Question

Consider the following statements regarding dissolved oxygen in an aquatic ecosystem

• It increases with increase in temperature of a water-body.

• Its concentration in fresh water is usually more than the concentration of oxygen in air.

• Snow cover of ice on water reduces dissolved oxygen concentration.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: a)

Only Statement 3 is correct.

Dissolved oxygen (DO) is a measure of how much oxygen is dissolved in the water – the amount of oxygen available to living aquatic organisms. The amount of dissolved oxygen in a stream or lake can tell us a lot about its water quality.

Oxygen concentrations are much higher in air, which is about 21% oxygen, than in water, which is a tiny fraction of 1 percent oxygen.

Dissolved oxygen levels decrease with increasing temperature and atmospheric oxygen content is far higher than dissolved oxygen levels.

Ice and snow reduce the amount of sunlight reaching aquatic plants, thereby reducing photosynthesis and oxygen production.

Solution: a)

Only Statement 3 is correct.

Oxygen concentrations are much higher in air, which is about 21% oxygen, than in water, which is a tiny fraction of 1 percent oxygen.

Dissolved oxygen levels decrease with increasing temperature and atmospheric oxygen content is far higher than dissolved oxygen levels.

Ice and snow reduce the amount of sunlight reaching aquatic plants, thereby reducing photosynthesis and oxygen production.

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Tropical moist forests can be found in Western slope of the Western Ghats Andaman and Nicobar Islands. North-Eastern region of India How many of the above options is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: c) Tropical Moist Deciduous Forests Climatic Conditions Annual rainfall 100 to 200 cm. Mean annual temperature of about 27°C The average annual relative humidity of 60 to 75 per cent. Distribution Belt running along the Western Ghats surrounding the belt of evergreen forests. A strip along the Shiwalik range including terai and bhabar from 77° E to 88° E. Manipur and Mizoram. Hills of eastern Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh. Chota Nagpur Plateau. Most of Odisha. Parts of West Bengal and Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Incorrect Solution: c) Tropical Moist Deciduous Forests Climatic Conditions Annual rainfall 100 to 200 cm. Mean annual temperature of about 27°C The average annual relative humidity of 60 to 75 per cent. Distribution Belt running along the Western Ghats surrounding the belt of evergreen forests. A strip along the Shiwalik range including terai and bhabar from 77° E to 88° E. Manipur and Mizoram. Hills of eastern Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh. Chota Nagpur Plateau. Most of Odisha. Parts of West Bengal and Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

#### 5. Question

Tropical moist forests can be found in

• Western slope of the Western Ghats

• Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

• North-Eastern region of India

How many of the above options is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: c)

Tropical Moist Deciduous Forests

Climatic Conditions

• Annual rainfall 100 to 200 cm.

• Mean annual temperature of about 27°C

• The average annual relative humidity of 60 to 75 per cent.

Distribution

• Belt running along the Western Ghats surrounding the belt of evergreen forests.

• A strip along the Shiwalik range including terai and bhabar from 77° E to 88° E.

• Manipur and Mizoram.

• Hills of eastern Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh.

• Chota Nagpur Plateau.

• Most of Odisha.

• Parts of West Bengal and

• Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

Solution: c)

Tropical Moist Deciduous Forests

Climatic Conditions

• Annual rainfall 100 to 200 cm.

• Mean annual temperature of about 27°C

• The average annual relative humidity of 60 to 75 per cent.

Distribution

• Belt running along the Western Ghats surrounding the belt of evergreen forests.

• A strip along the Shiwalik range including terai and bhabar from 77° E to 88° E.

• Manipur and Mizoram.

• Hills of eastern Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh.

• Chota Nagpur Plateau.

• Most of Odisha.

• Parts of West Bengal and

• Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

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