UPSC Static Quiz – Environment : 22 December 2025

UPSC Static Quiz – Environment : 22 December 2025 We will post 5 questions daily on static topics mentioned in the UPSC civil services preliminary examination syllabus. Each week will focus on a specific topic from the syllabus, such as History of India and Indian National Movement, Indian and World Geography, and more. We are excited to bring you our daily UPSC Static Quiz, designed to help you prepare for the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination. Each day, we will post 5 questions on static topics mentioned in the UPSC syllabus. This week, we are focusing on Indian and World Geography.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Consider the following statements. Permafrost is any ground that stays frozen for at least two decades straight. Arctic permafrost holds only CO2 and not methane. Wildfires prevent permafrost from thawing. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: D Permafrost — any ground that stays frozen for at least two years straight. Scientists estimate that Arctic permafrost holds around 1,700 billion metric tons of carbon, including methane and CO2. That’s roughly 51 times the amount of carbon the world released as fossil fuel emissions in 2019. Wildfires make permafrost more vulnerable to thawing as they destroy upper insulating layers of vegetation and soil. This can cause ancient organic materials such as dead animals and plants to decompose and release carbon into the atmosphere. In case a large-scale thawing of Arctic permafrost is triggered, it would be impossible to stop the release of carbon. Incorrect Solution: D Permafrost — any ground that stays frozen for at least two years straight. Scientists estimate that Arctic permafrost holds around 1,700 billion metric tons of carbon, including methane and CO2. That’s roughly 51 times the amount of carbon the world released as fossil fuel emissions in 2019. Wildfires make permafrost more vulnerable to thawing as they destroy upper insulating layers of vegetation and soil. This can cause ancient organic materials such as dead animals and plants to decompose and release carbon into the atmosphere. In case a large-scale thawing of Arctic permafrost is triggered, it would be impossible to stop the release of carbon.

#### 1. Question

Consider the following statements.

• Permafrost is any ground that stays frozen for at least two decades straight.

• Arctic permafrost holds only CO2 and not methane.

• Wildfires prevent permafrost from thawing.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: D

Permafrost — any ground that stays frozen for at least two years straight. Scientists estimate that Arctic permafrost holds around 1,700 billion metric tons of carbon, including methane and CO2. That’s roughly 51 times the amount of carbon the world released as fossil fuel emissions in 2019.

Wildfires make permafrost more vulnerable to thawing as they destroy upper insulating layers of vegetation and soil. This can cause ancient organic materials such as dead animals and plants to decompose and release carbon into the atmosphere. In case a large-scale thawing of Arctic permafrost is triggered, it would be impossible to stop the release of carbon.

Solution: D

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following statements about slag’s role in carbon sequestration: Slag undergoes mineral carbonation, capturing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Lithification of slag results in calcite cement precipitation, trapping carbon in the form of calcite. The use of slag in artificial ground increases greenhouse gas emissions due to its industrial origins. Which of the above statements are correct? (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1 and 3 only (c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 Correct Solution: A Statement 1 is correct because slag undergoes mineral carbonation during its lithification process, where it captures carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and stores it as a mineral, which helps in carbon sequestration. Statement 2 is correct because during lithification, calcite cement precipitation occurs, which traps atmospheric carbon dioxide in the form of calcite. This process effectively reduces the carbon footprint of steel production by reusing slag as a carbon-capturing material. Statement 3 is incorrect because slag’s use in artificial ground can actually help reduce greenhouse gas emissions by trapping carbon dioxide, rather than increasing them. Therefore, slag contributes positively to environmental sustainability. Incorrect Solution: A Statement 1 is correct because slag undergoes mineral carbonation during its lithification process, where it captures carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and stores it as a mineral, which helps in carbon sequestration. Statement 2 is correct because during lithification, calcite cement precipitation occurs, which traps atmospheric carbon dioxide in the form of calcite. This process effectively reduces the carbon footprint of steel production by reusing slag as a carbon-capturing material. Statement 3 is incorrect because slag’s use in artificial ground can actually help reduce greenhouse gas emissions by trapping carbon dioxide, rather than increasing them. Therefore, slag contributes positively to environmental sustainability.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements about slag’s role in carbon sequestration:

• Slag undergoes mineral carbonation, capturing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

• Lithification of slag results in calcite cement precipitation, trapping carbon in the form of calcite.

• The use of slag in artificial ground increases greenhouse gas emissions due to its industrial origins.

Which of the above statements are correct?

• (a) 1 and 2 only

• (b) 1 and 3 only

• (c) 2 and 3 only

• (d) 1, 2 and 3

Solution: A

Statement 1 is correct because slag undergoes mineral carbonation during its lithification process, where it captures carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and stores it as a mineral, which helps in carbon sequestration.

Statement 2 is correct because during lithification, calcite cement precipitation occurs, which traps atmospheric carbon dioxide in the form of calcite. This process effectively reduces the carbon footprint of steel production by reusing slag as a carbon-capturing material.

Statement 3 is incorrect because slag’s use in artificial ground can actually help reduce greenhouse gas emissions by trapping carbon dioxide, rather than increasing them. Therefore, slag contributes positively to environmental sustainability.

Solution: A

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Consider the following pairs. Green Ammonia: Made from sustainable electricity and water Blue Ammonia: Made without using any fossil fuel Brown Ammonia: Made from a fossil fuel with carbon capture How many of the above statements is/are incorrect? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: B Only Statement 1 is correct. Incorrect Solution: B Only Statement 1 is correct.

#### 3. Question

Consider the following pairs.

• Green Ammonia: Made from sustainable electricity and water

• Blue Ammonia: Made without using any fossil fuel

• Brown Ammonia: Made from a fossil fuel with carbon capture

How many of the above statements is/are incorrect?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: B

Only Statement 1 is correct.

Solution: B

Only Statement 1 is correct.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Consider the following statements about methane’s role in climate change: Methane is responsible for about one-third of global warming since the Industrial Revolution. Methane’s global warming potential is weaker than carbon dioxide over a short period of time. Methane emissions are primarily due to natural sources such as wetlands. How many of the above statements are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: A Statement 1 is correct: methane is responsible for roughly one-third of global warming since the Industrial Revolution. Statement 2 is incorrect because methane has a much stronger short-term global warming potential than carbon dioxide. Statement 3 is incorrect as human activities are responsible for 60% of methane emissions, with agriculture and fossil fuel extraction being major contributors. Incorrect Solution: A Statement 1 is correct: methane is responsible for roughly one-third of global warming since the Industrial Revolution. Statement 2 is incorrect because methane has a much stronger short-term global warming potential than carbon dioxide. Statement 3 is incorrect as human activities are responsible for 60% of methane emissions, with agriculture and fossil fuel extraction being major contributors.

#### 4. Question

Consider the following statements about methane’s role in climate change:

• Methane is responsible for about one-third of global warming since the Industrial Revolution.

• Methane’s global warming potential is weaker than carbon dioxide over a short period of time.

• Methane emissions are primarily due to natural sources such as wetlands.

How many of the above statements are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: A

Statement 1 is correct: methane is responsible for roughly one-third of global warming since the Industrial Revolution.

Statement 2 is incorrect because methane has a much stronger short-term global warming potential than carbon dioxide.

Statement 3 is incorrect as human activities are responsible for 60% of methane emissions, with agriculture and fossil fuel extraction being major contributors.

Solution: A

Statement 1 is correct: methane is responsible for roughly one-third of global warming since the Industrial Revolution.

Statement 2 is incorrect because methane has a much stronger short-term global warming potential than carbon dioxide.

Statement 3 is incorrect as human activities are responsible for 60% of methane emissions, with agriculture and fossil fuel extraction being major contributors.

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Consider the following statements about the impact of polar ice melt on marine ecosystems: Habitat loss due to ice melt primarily affects species like polar bears and penguins. Changing salinity levels and water temperatures in the ocean are altering the biodiversity of marine ecosystems. Ocean acidification benefits shell-forming marine species by creating more favorable environments. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: B Statement 1 is correct because polar ice melt leads to habitat loss for species like polar bears and penguins, which depend on sea ice for hunting and breeding. Statement 2 is also correct, as changing salinity and rising ocean temperatures due to melting ice are altering marine biodiversity, affecting species composition and distribution. However, statement 3 is incorrect because ocean acidification harms shell-forming species by reducing the availability of carbonate ions, which are essential for building shells. Acidification poses a severe threat to these species. Incorrect Solution: B Statement 1 is correct because polar ice melt leads to habitat loss for species like polar bears and penguins, which depend on sea ice for hunting and breeding. Statement 2 is also correct, as changing salinity and rising ocean temperatures due to melting ice are altering marine biodiversity, affecting species composition and distribution. However, statement 3 is incorrect because ocean acidification harms shell-forming species by reducing the availability of carbonate ions, which are essential for building shells. Acidification poses a severe threat to these species.

#### 5. Question

Consider the following statements about the impact of polar ice melt on marine ecosystems:

• Habitat loss due to ice melt primarily affects species like polar bears and penguins.

• Changing salinity levels and water temperatures in the ocean are altering the biodiversity of marine ecosystems.

• Ocean acidification benefits shell-forming marine species by creating more favorable environments.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: B

Statement 1 is correct because polar ice melt leads to habitat loss for species like polar bears and penguins, which depend on sea ice for hunting and breeding.

Statement 2 is also correct, as changing salinity and rising ocean temperatures due to melting ice are altering marine biodiversity, affecting species composition and distribution.

However, statement 3 is incorrect because ocean acidification harms shell-forming species by reducing the availability of carbonate ions, which are essential for building shells. Acidification poses a severe threat to these species.

Solution: B

Statement 1 is correct because polar ice melt leads to habitat loss for species like polar bears and penguins, which depend on sea ice for hunting and breeding.

Statement 2 is also correct, as changing salinity and rising ocean temperatures due to melting ice are altering marine biodiversity, affecting species composition and distribution.

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