UPSC STATIC QUIZ – Environment : 17 May 2024

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We will post 5 questions daily on static topics mentioned in the UPSC civil services preliminary examination syllabus. Each week will focus on a specific topic from the syllabus, such as History of India and Indian National Movement, Indian and World Geography, and more.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Consider the following statements regarding nitrous oxide. Being a short-lived greenhouse gas, it substantially contributes to global warming. When it reaches the stratosphere it reacts with ozone and depletes it, with an impact comparable to that of CFCs. Which of the above statements is/are correct? a) 1 only b) 2 only c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 Correct Solution: b) Nitrous oxide is a major scavenger of stratospheric ozone, with an impact comparable to that of CFCs. Being the third most important long-lived greenhouse gas, nitrous oxide also substantially contributes to global warming. Incorrect Solution: b) Nitrous oxide is a major scavenger of stratospheric ozone, with an impact comparable to that of CFCs. Being the third most important long-lived greenhouse gas, nitrous oxide also substantially contributes to global warming.

#### 1. Question

Consider the following statements regarding nitrous oxide.

• Being a short-lived greenhouse gas, it substantially contributes to global warming.

• When it reaches the stratosphere it reacts with ozone and depletes it, with an impact comparable to that of CFCs.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• c) Both 1 and 2

• d) Neither 1 nor 2

Solution: b)

Nitrous oxide is a major scavenger of stratospheric ozone, with an impact comparable to that of CFCs.

Being the third most important long-lived greenhouse gas, nitrous oxide also substantially contributes to global warming.

Solution: b)

Nitrous oxide is a major scavenger of stratospheric ozone, with an impact comparable to that of CFCs.

Being the third most important long-lived greenhouse gas, nitrous oxide also substantially contributes to global warming.

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following statements regarding Miyawaki technique. Miyawaki technique allows for growing dense forests comprising native trees on small patches of land. In Miyawaki technique the tree growth is slower compared to the traditional afforestation method. They help lower temperatures in urban heat islands, reduce air and noise pollution. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 2 is incorrect. Miyawaki model to increase the green cover: Pioneered by Japanese botanist and ecologist Akira Miyawaki, the technique allows for growing dense forests comprising native trees on small patches of land. One of the ways this is done is by ensuring that tree growth is faster than traditional afforestation methods. They help lower temperatures in concrete heat islands, reduce air and noise pollution, attract local birds and insects, and create carbon sinks. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 2 is incorrect. Miyawaki model to increase the green cover: Pioneered by Japanese botanist and ecologist Akira Miyawaki, the technique allows for growing dense forests comprising native trees on small patches of land. One of the ways this is done is by ensuring that tree growth is faster than traditional afforestation methods. They help lower temperatures in concrete heat islands, reduce air and noise pollution, attract local birds and insects, and create carbon sinks.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Miyawaki technique.

• Miyawaki technique allows for growing dense forests comprising native trees on small patches of land.

• In Miyawaki technique the tree growth is slower compared to the traditional afforestation method.

• They help lower temperatures in urban heat islands, reduce air and noise pollution.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 2 is incorrect.

Miyawaki model to increase the green cover:

Pioneered by Japanese botanist and ecologist Akira Miyawaki, the technique allows for growing dense forests comprising native trees on small patches of land. One of the ways this is done is by ensuring that tree growth is faster than traditional afforestation methods.

They help lower temperatures in concrete heat islands, reduce air and noise pollution, attract local birds and insects, and create carbon sinks.

Solution: b)

Statement 2 is incorrect.

Miyawaki model to increase the green cover:

They help lower temperatures in concrete heat islands, reduce air and noise pollution, attract local birds and insects, and create carbon sinks.

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Consider the following statements regarding Solar Radiation Modification (SRM). It aims to address climate change by reflecting more sunlight back into space. It allows more infrared radiation from Earth to escape, in order to reduce the Earth’s temperature. It is highly considered as a substitute for reducing emissions, or removing atmospheric CO2. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 3 is incorrect. Solar Radiation Modification (SRM), also known as Solar Radiation Management, Radiation Modification Measures or Solar Geoengineering, would aim to address a symptom of climate change by reflecting more sunlight back into space, or by allowing more infrared radiation from Earth to escape, in order to reduce the Earth’s temperature. Solar Radiation Modification could not be a substitute for reducing emissions, or removing atmospheric CO2. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 3 is incorrect. Solar Radiation Modification (SRM), also known as Solar Radiation Management, Radiation Modification Measures or Solar Geoengineering, would aim to address a symptom of climate change by reflecting more sunlight back into space, or by allowing more infrared radiation from Earth to escape, in order to reduce the Earth’s temperature. Solar Radiation Modification could not be a substitute for reducing emissions, or removing atmospheric CO2.

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Solar Radiation Modification (SRM).

• It aims to address climate change by reflecting more sunlight back into space.

• It allows more infrared radiation from Earth to escape, in order to reduce the Earth’s temperature.

• It is highly considered as a substitute for reducing emissions, or removing atmospheric CO2.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 3 is incorrect.

Solar Radiation Modification (SRM), also known as Solar Radiation Management, Radiation Modification Measures or Solar Geoengineering, would aim to address a symptom of climate change by reflecting more sunlight back into space, or by allowing more infrared radiation from Earth to escape, in order to reduce the Earth’s temperature. Solar Radiation Modification could not be a substitute for reducing emissions, or removing atmospheric CO2.

Solution: b)

Statement 3 is incorrect.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Which of the following regions of India is the natural habitat of the `Great Indian Hornbill’? a) Sand deserts of northwest India b) Great Himalayan Range c) Salt marshes of western Gujarat d) Western Ghats Correct Solution: d) The great Indian hornbill is one of the larger members of the hornbill family. It is found in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. It is naturally found in Western Ghats. Incorrect Solution: d) The great Indian hornbill is one of the larger members of the hornbill family. It is found in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. It is naturally found in Western Ghats.

#### 4. Question

Which of the following regions of India is the natural habitat of the `Great Indian Hornbill’?

• a) Sand deserts of northwest India

• b) Great Himalayan Range

• c) Salt marshes of western Gujarat

• d) Western Ghats

Solution: d)

The great Indian hornbill is one of the larger members of the hornbill family. It is found in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. It is naturally found in Western Ghats.

Solution: d)

The great Indian hornbill is one of the larger members of the hornbill family. It is found in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. It is naturally found in Western Ghats.

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Consider the following statements regarding Permafrost. Permafrost is any ground that remains completely frozen for at least two years. There is approximately twice as much carbon in permafrost than is currently in the Earth’s atmosphere. They are located only in high latitudes around the Arctic and Antarctic regions. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 3 is incorrect. Permafrost is any ground that remains completely frozen—32°F (0°C) or colder—for at least two years straight. These permanently frozen grounds are most common in regions with high mountains and in Earth’s higher latitudes—near the North and South Poles. Permafrost covers large regions of the Earth. Almost a quarter of the land area in the Northern Hemisphere has permafrost underneath. Although the ground is frozen, permafrost regions are not always covered in snow. Most permafrost is located in high latitudes (in and around the Arctic and Antarctic regions), but at lower latitudes alpine permafrost occurs at higher elevations. It can also be located in the Southern Hemisphere, just on mountain tops. Permafrost frequently occurs in ground ice, but it also can be presented in non-porous bedrock. Permafrost is formed from ice holding all different sorts of soil, sand, and rock combination together. There is approximately twice as much carbon in permafrost than is currently in the Earth’s atmosphere. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 3 is incorrect. Permafrost is any ground that remains completely frozen—32°F (0°C) or colder—for at least two years straight. These permanently frozen grounds are most common in regions with high mountains and in Earth’s higher latitudes—near the North and South Poles. Permafrost covers large regions of the Earth. Almost a quarter of the land area in the Northern Hemisphere has permafrost underneath. Although the ground is frozen, permafrost regions are not always covered in snow. Most permafrost is located in high latitudes (in and around the Arctic and Antarctic regions), but at lower latitudes alpine permafrost occurs at higher elevations. It can also be located in the Southern Hemisphere, just on mountain tops. Permafrost frequently occurs in ground ice, but it also can be presented in non-porous bedrock. Permafrost is formed from ice holding all different sorts of soil, sand, and rock combination together. There is approximately twice as much carbon in permafrost than is currently in the Earth’s atmosphere.

#### 5. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Permafrost.

• Permafrost is any ground that remains completely frozen for at least two years.

• There is approximately twice as much carbon in permafrost than is currently in the Earth’s atmosphere.

• They are located only in high latitudes around the Arctic and Antarctic regions.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 3 is incorrect.

• Permafrost is any ground that remains completely frozen—32°F (0°C) or colder—for at least two years straight. These permanently frozen grounds are most common in regions with high mountains and in Earth’s higher latitudes—near the North and South Poles.

• Permafrost covers large regions of the Earth. Almost a quarter of the land area in the Northern Hemisphere has permafrost underneath. Although the ground is frozen, permafrost regions are not always covered in snow.

• Most permafrost is located in high latitudes (in and around the Arctic and Antarctic regions), but at lower latitudes alpine permafrost occurs at higher elevations.

• It can also be located in the Southern Hemisphere, just on mountain tops. Permafrost frequently occurs in ground ice, but it also can be presented in non-porous bedrock. Permafrost is formed from ice holding all different sorts of soil, sand, and rock combination together.

• There is approximately twice as much carbon in permafrost than is currently in the Earth’s atmosphere.

Solution: b)

Statement 3 is incorrect.

• Most permafrost is located in high latitudes (in and around the Arctic and Antarctic regions), but at lower latitudes alpine permafrost occurs at higher elevations.

• There is approximately twice as much carbon in permafrost than is currently in the Earth’s atmosphere.

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