UPSC Static Quiz – Environment : 16 July 2024

UPSC Static Quiz – Environment : 16 July 2024 We will post 5 questions daily on static topics mentioned in the UPSC civil services preliminary examination syllabus. Each week will focus on a specific topic from the syllabus, such as History of India and Indian National Movement, Indian and World Geography, and more.We are excited to bring you our daily UPSC Static Quiz, designed to help you prepare for the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination. Each day, we will post 5 questions on static topics mentioned in the UPSC syllabus. This week, we are focusing on Indian and World Geography.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question An ecological pyramid is a diagrammatic presentation to describe trophic levels. How does the knowledge of ecological pyramid can help us in conservation of an ecosystem? It helps us to identify bio-accumulation. It helps us to identify bio-magnification. It helps us to recognize an invasive species. Select the correct answer code: a) 1, 3 b) 1, 2 c) 2, 3 d) 1, 2, 3 Correct Solution: b) An ecological pyramid is a graphical representation designed to show the biomass or bioproductivity at each trophic level in an ecosystem. Ecological pyramids begin with producers on the bottom (such as plants) and proceed through the various trophic levels (such as herbivores that eat plants, then carnivores that eat flesh, then omnivores that eat both plants and flesh, and so on). The highest level is the top of the food chain. Ecological pyramid doesn’t give evidence on introduction of new species. Incorrect Solution: b) An ecological pyramid is a graphical representation designed to show the biomass or bioproductivity at each trophic level in an ecosystem. Ecological pyramids begin with producers on the bottom (such as plants) and proceed through the various trophic levels (such as herbivores that eat plants, then carnivores that eat flesh, then omnivores that eat both plants and flesh, and so on). The highest level is the top of the food chain. Ecological pyramid doesn’t give evidence on introduction of new species.

#### 1. Question

An ecological pyramid is a diagrammatic presentation to describe trophic levels. How does the knowledge of ecological pyramid can help us in conservation of an ecosystem?

• It helps us to identify bio-accumulation.

• It helps us to identify bio-magnification.

• It helps us to recognize an invasive species.

Select the correct answer code:

• d) 1, 2, 3

Solution: b)

An ecological pyramid is a graphical representation designed to show the biomass or bioproductivity at each trophic level in an ecosystem.

Ecological pyramids begin with producers on the bottom (such as plants) and proceed through the various trophic levels (such as herbivores that eat plants, then carnivores that eat flesh, then omnivores that eat both plants and flesh, and so on). The highest level is the top of the food chain.

Ecological pyramid doesn’t give evidence on introduction of new species.

Solution: b)

An ecological pyramid is a graphical representation designed to show the biomass or bioproductivity at each trophic level in an ecosystem.

Ecological pyramid doesn’t give evidence on introduction of new species.

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Birds Following Army Ants is an example for which of the following types of symbiotic relationship between organisms? a) Competition b) Parasitism c) Mutualism d) Commensalism Correct Solution: d) Commensalism is a type of symbiotic relationship between organisms in which one organism benefits without harming the other. Many birds form a commensal relationship with some species of ants like the army ants. A great number of army ants trail on the forest floor, and while moving, stir up many insects lying in their path. The birds follow these army ants and eat up the insects that try to escape from them. The birds benefit by catching their prey easily, while the army ants are totally unaffected. Incorrect Solution: d) Commensalism is a type of symbiotic relationship between organisms in which one organism benefits without harming the other. Many birds form a commensal relationship with some species of ants like the army ants. A great number of army ants trail on the forest floor, and while moving, stir up many insects lying in their path. The birds follow these army ants and eat up the insects that try to escape from them. The birds benefit by catching their prey easily, while the army ants are totally unaffected.

#### 2. Question

Birds Following Army Ants is an example for which of the following types of symbiotic relationship between organisms?

• a) Competition

• b) Parasitism

• c) Mutualism

• d) Commensalism

Solution: d)

Commensalism is a type of symbiotic relationship between organisms in which one organism benefits without harming the other.

Many birds form a commensal relationship with some species of ants like the army ants. A great number of army ants trail on the forest floor, and while moving, stir up many insects lying in their path. The birds follow these army ants and eat up the insects that try to escape from them. The birds benefit by catching their prey easily, while the army ants are totally unaffected.

Solution: d)

Commensalism is a type of symbiotic relationship between organisms in which one organism benefits without harming the other.

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Consider the following statements regarding ocean acidification. It largely occurs due to the high absorption of nitrogenous based acidic compounds. Introduction of sea grasses can reduce the impact of acidification. Which of the above statements is/are correct? a) 1 only b) 2 only c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 Correct Solution: b) Ocean acidification refers to a reduction in the pH of the ocean over an extended period of time, caused primarily by uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. Nitrogenous compounds contribute fraction to ocean acidification. Sea grass has ability to control ocean acidification. Incorrect Solution: b) Ocean acidification refers to a reduction in the pH of the ocean over an extended period of time, caused primarily by uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. Nitrogenous compounds contribute fraction to ocean acidification. Sea grass has ability to control ocean acidification.

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements regarding ocean acidification.

• It largely occurs due to the high absorption of nitrogenous based acidic compounds.

• Introduction of sea grasses can reduce the impact of acidification.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• c) Both 1 and 2

• d) Neither 1 nor 2

Solution: b)

Ocean acidification refers to a reduction in the pH of the ocean over an extended period of time, caused primarily by uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. Nitrogenous compounds contribute fraction to ocean acidification.

Sea grass has ability to control ocean acidification.

Solution: b)

Sea grass has ability to control ocean acidification.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question What are the sources that add nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere? Bacteria living in soil Reaction of Ultraviolet radiation with ozone Lightning stroke Select the correct answer code: a) 1, 2 b) 1, 3 c) 2, 3 d) 1, 2, 3 Correct Solution: b) Nitrous oxide emissions occur naturally through many sources associated with the nitrogen cycle, which is the natural circulation of nitrogen among the atmosphere, plants, animals, and microorganisms that live in soil and water. Nitrous oxide is actually removed from the atmosphere when it is absorbed by certain types of bacteria or destroyed by ultraviolet radiation or chemical reactions. A natural source of nitrogen oxides occurs from a lightning stroke. The very high temperature in the vicinity of a lightning bolt causes the gases oxygen and nitrogen in the air to react to form nitric oxide. The nitric oxide very quickly reacts with more oxygen to form nitrogen dioxide. Incorrect Solution: b) Nitrous oxide emissions occur naturally through many sources associated with the nitrogen cycle, which is the natural circulation of nitrogen among the atmosphere, plants, animals, and microorganisms that live in soil and water. Nitrous oxide is actually removed from the atmosphere when it is absorbed by certain types of bacteria or destroyed by ultraviolet radiation or chemical reactions. A natural source of nitrogen oxides occurs from a lightning stroke. The very high temperature in the vicinity of a lightning bolt causes the gases oxygen and nitrogen in the air to react to form nitric oxide. The nitric oxide very quickly reacts with more oxygen to form nitrogen dioxide.

#### 4. Question

What are the sources that add nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere?

• Bacteria living in soil

• Reaction of Ultraviolet radiation with ozone

• Lightning stroke

Select the correct answer code:

• d) 1, 2, 3

Solution: b)

Nitrous oxide emissions occur naturally through many sources associated with the nitrogen cycle, which is the natural circulation of nitrogen among the atmosphere, plants, animals, and microorganisms that live in soil and water.

Nitrous oxide is actually removed from the atmosphere when it is absorbed by certain types of bacteria or destroyed by ultraviolet radiation or chemical reactions.

A natural source of nitrogen oxides occurs from a lightning stroke. The very high temperature in the vicinity of a lightning bolt causes the gases oxygen and nitrogen in the air to react to form nitric oxide. The nitric oxide very quickly reacts with more oxygen to form nitrogen dioxide.

Solution: b)

Nitrous oxide is actually removed from the atmosphere when it is absorbed by certain types of bacteria or destroyed by ultraviolet radiation or chemical reactions.

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Consider the following statements about life forms. Epiphytic: plants which derive nutrients from fungi that are attached to the roots of a vascular plant Terrestrial: plants growing on land and climbers Mycoheterotrophic: plants growing on another plants Which of the above are correctly matched? a) 2 only b) 1, 2 c) 2, 3 d) 1, 2, 3 Correct Solution: a) Epiphytic (plants growing on other plants including those growing on rock boulders and often termed lithophyte), Terrestrial (plants growing on land and climbers) Mycoheterotrophic (plants which derive nutrients from mycorrhizal fungi that are attached to the roots of a vascular plant). Incorrect Solution: a) Epiphytic (plants growing on other plants including those growing on rock boulders and often termed lithophyte), Terrestrial (plants growing on land and climbers) Mycoheterotrophic (plants which derive nutrients from mycorrhizal fungi that are attached to the roots of a vascular plant).

#### 5. Question

Consider the following statements about life forms.

• Epiphytic: plants which derive nutrients from fungi that are attached to the roots of a vascular plant

• Terrestrial: plants growing on land and climbers

• Mycoheterotrophic: plants growing on another plants

Which of the above are correctly matched?

• d) 1, 2, 3

Solution: a)

Epiphytic (plants growing on other plants including those growing on rock boulders and often termed lithophyte),

Terrestrial (plants growing on land and climbers)

Mycoheterotrophic (plants which derive nutrients from mycorrhizal fungi that are attached to the roots of a vascular plant).

Solution: a)

Epiphytic (plants growing on other plants including those growing on rock boulders and often termed lithophyte),

Terrestrial (plants growing on land and climbers)

Mycoheterotrophic (plants which derive nutrients from mycorrhizal fungi that are attached to the roots of a vascular plant).

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