UPSC STATIC QUIZ – Environment : 13 April 2024

#### Quiz-summary

0 of 5 questions completed

Questions:

#### Information

We will post 5 questions daily on static topics mentioned in the UPSC civil services preliminary examination syllabus. Each week will focus on a specific topic from the syllabus, such as History of India and Indian National Movement, Indian and World Geography, and more.

You have already completed the quiz before. Hence you can not start it again.

Quiz is loading...

You must sign in or sign up to start the quiz.

You have to finish following quiz, to start this quiz:

0 of 5 questions answered correctly

Your time:

Time has elapsed

You have reached 0 of 0 points, (0)

#### Categories

• Not categorized 0%

• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Consider the following statements regarding the distribution of Wetlands in India. According to National Wetland Inventory and Assessment compiled by ISRO, wetlands are spread over more than 10 percent of the total geographical area of India. In state-wise distribution of wetlands, West Bengal is at the top position. Inland-natural wetlands account for maximum share compared to coastal-natural wetlands. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: a) Only Statement 3 is correct. Globally, wetlands cover 6.4 per cent of the geographical area of the world. In India, according to the National Wetland Inventory and Assessment compiled by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), wetlands are spread over 4.63 per cent of the total geographical area of the country. Of this Inland-natural wetlands account for 43.4% and coastal-natural wetlands 24.3%. In state-wise distribution of wetlands, Gujarat is at the top (17.56% of total geographical area of the state), or 22.7% of total wetlands areas of the country thanks to a long coastline. It is followed by Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal. Incorrect Solution: a) Only Statement 3 is correct. Globally, wetlands cover 6.4 per cent of the geographical area of the world. In India, according to the National Wetland Inventory and Assessment compiled by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), wetlands are spread over 4.63 per cent of the total geographical area of the country. Of this Inland-natural wetlands account for 43.4% and coastal-natural wetlands 24.3%. In state-wise distribution of wetlands, Gujarat is at the top (17.56% of total geographical area of the state), or 22.7% of total wetlands areas of the country thanks to a long coastline. It is followed by Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal.

#### 1. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the distribution of Wetlands in India.

• According to National Wetland Inventory and Assessment compiled by ISRO, wetlands are spread over more than 10 percent of the total geographical area of India.

• In state-wise distribution of wetlands, West Bengal is at the top position.

• Inland-natural wetlands account for maximum share compared to coastal-natural wetlands.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: a)

Only Statement 3 is correct.

Globally, wetlands cover 6.4 per cent of the geographical area of the world. In India, according to the National Wetland Inventory and Assessment compiled by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), wetlands are spread over 4.63 per cent of the total geographical area of the country. Of this Inland-natural wetlands account for 43.4% and coastal-natural wetlands 24.3%.

In state-wise distribution of wetlands, Gujarat is at the top (17.56% of total geographical area of the state), or 22.7% of total wetlands areas of the country thanks to a long coastline. It is followed by Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal.

Solution: a)

Only Statement 3 is correct.

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Which of the following can reveal patterns of climate change on earth? a) Study of Interglacial periods b) Study of tree rings c) Both a and b d) Neither a nor b Correct Solution: c) An interglacial period (or alternatively interglacial) is a geological interval of warmer global average temperature lasting thousands of years that separates consecutive glacial periods within an ice age. Evidence of multiple advances and retreats of glaciers, and the sediment deposits in glacial lakes reveal the occurrence of warm and cold periods in the history of earth. It is a strong evidence of climate change. Because trees are sensitive to local climate conditions, such as rain and temperature, they give scientists some information about that area’s local climate in the past. For example, tree rings usually grow wider in warm, wet years and they are thinner in years when it is cold and dry. Incorrect Solution: c) An interglacial period (or alternatively interglacial) is a geological interval of warmer global average temperature lasting thousands of years that separates consecutive glacial periods within an ice age. Evidence of multiple advances and retreats of glaciers, and the sediment deposits in glacial lakes reveal the occurrence of warm and cold periods in the history of earth. It is a strong evidence of climate change. Because trees are sensitive to local climate conditions, such as rain and temperature, they give scientists some information about that area’s local climate in the past. For example, tree rings usually grow wider in warm, wet years and they are thinner in years when it is cold and dry.

#### 2. Question

Which of the following can reveal patterns of climate change on earth?

• a) Study of Interglacial periods

• b) Study of tree rings

• c) Both a and b

• d) Neither a nor b

Solution: c)

An interglacial period (or alternatively interglacial) is a geological interval of warmer global average temperature lasting thousands of years that separates consecutive glacial periods within an ice age.

Evidence of multiple advances and retreats of glaciers, and the sediment deposits in glacial lakes reveal the occurrence of warm and cold periods in the history of earth. It is a strong evidence of climate change.

Because trees are sensitive to local climate conditions, such as rain and temperature, they give scientists some information about that area’s local climate in the past. For example, tree rings usually grow wider in warm, wet years and they are thinner in years when it is cold and dry.

Solution: c)

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Consider the following statements regarding Ruminant species. Ruminants are herbivorous grazing mammals that are able to acquire nutrients from plant-based food by fermenting it in a specialized stomach prior to digestion, principally through microbial actions. Cows, sheep, goats, and buffaloes are some of the Ruminants. Ruminant animals release methane mainly through burping. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: c) Ruminant species are hooved grazing or browsing herbivores that chew cud. Ruminants such as cows, sheep, goats, and buffaloes have a special type of digestive system that allows them to break down and digest food that non-ruminant species would be unable to digest. Stomachs of ruminant animals have four compartments, one of which, the rumen, helps them to store partially digested food and let it ferment. This partially digested and fermented food is regurgitated by the animals who chew through it again and finish the digestive process. However, as grass and other vegetation ferments in the rumen, it generates methane, a potent greenhouse gas. Ruminant animals such as cows and sheep release this methane mainly through burping. Given the very large numbers of cattle and sheep on farms in dairy-producing countries, these emissions add up to a significant volume. It is estimated that the ruminant digestive system is responsible for 27 per cent of all methane emissions from human activity. Incorrect Solution: c) Ruminant species are hooved grazing or browsing herbivores that chew cud. Ruminants such as cows, sheep, goats, and buffaloes have a special type of digestive system that allows them to break down and digest food that non-ruminant species would be unable to digest. Stomachs of ruminant animals have four compartments, one of which, the rumen, helps them to store partially digested food and let it ferment. This partially digested and fermented food is regurgitated by the animals who chew through it again and finish the digestive process. However, as grass and other vegetation ferments in the rumen, it generates methane, a potent greenhouse gas. Ruminant animals such as cows and sheep release this methane mainly through burping. Given the very large numbers of cattle and sheep on farms in dairy-producing countries, these emissions add up to a significant volume. It is estimated that the ruminant digestive system is responsible for 27 per cent of all methane emissions from human activity.

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Ruminant species.

• Ruminants are herbivorous grazing mammals that are able to acquire nutrients from plant-based food by fermenting it in a specialized stomach prior to digestion, principally through microbial actions.

• Cows, sheep, goats, and buffaloes are some of the Ruminants.

• Ruminant animals release methane mainly through burping.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: c)

Ruminant species are hooved grazing or browsing herbivores that chew cud. Ruminants such as cows, sheep, goats, and buffaloes have a special type of digestive system that allows them to break down and digest food that non-ruminant species would be unable to digest.

Stomachs of ruminant animals have four compartments, one of which, the rumen, helps them to store partially digested food and let it ferment. This partially digested and fermented food is regurgitated by the animals who chew through it again and finish the digestive process.

However, as grass and other vegetation ferments in the rumen, it generates methane, a potent greenhouse gas. Ruminant animals such as cows and sheep release this methane mainly through burping.

Given the very large numbers of cattle and sheep on farms in dairy-producing countries, these emissions add up to a significant volume. It is estimated that the ruminant digestive system is responsible for 27 per cent of all methane emissions from human activity.

Solution: c)

However, as grass and other vegetation ferments in the rumen, it generates methane, a potent greenhouse gas. Ruminant animals such as cows and sheep release this methane mainly through burping.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Consider the following statements. In its raw form, biogas can be used as a clean cooking fuel. Biogas can be purified and upgraded up to 98 per cent of purity to make it suitable to be used as a green fuel for transportation or filling of cylinders. The Sustainable Alternatives Towards Affordable Transporation (SATAT) scheme by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy encourages entrepreneurs to set up compressed biogas (CBG) plants. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 3 is incorrect. Biogas contains about 55-65 per cent methane, 35-44 per cent of carbon dioxide and traces of other gases such as hydrogen sulphide, ammonia and nitrogen. In its raw form, biogas can be used as a clean cooking fuel like LPG for lighting, motive power and electricity generation. Further, biogas can be purified and upgraded up to 98 per cent of purity to make it suitable to be used as a green fuel for transportation or filling of cylinders. The process relies on a high pressure of circa 250 bar and hence is called compressed biogas (CBG). The Sustainable Alternatives Towards Affordable Transporation (SATAT) scheme by the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas (MoPNG) encourages entrepreneurs to set up CBG plants, produce and supply CBG to oil and gas marketing companies (OGC/OMC) for selling it as automotive and industrial fuels. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 3 is incorrect. Biogas contains about 55-65 per cent methane, 35-44 per cent of carbon dioxide and traces of other gases such as hydrogen sulphide, ammonia and nitrogen. In its raw form, biogas can be used as a clean cooking fuel like LPG for lighting, motive power and electricity generation. Further, biogas can be purified and upgraded up to 98 per cent of purity to make it suitable to be used as a green fuel for transportation or filling of cylinders. The process relies on a high pressure of circa 250 bar and hence is called compressed biogas (CBG). The Sustainable Alternatives Towards Affordable Transporation (SATAT) scheme by the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas (MoPNG) encourages entrepreneurs to set up CBG plants, produce and supply CBG to oil and gas marketing companies (OGC/OMC) for selling it as automotive and industrial fuels.

#### 4. Question

Consider the following statements.

• In its raw form, biogas can be used as a clean cooking fuel.

• Biogas can be purified and upgraded up to 98 per cent of purity to make it suitable to be used as a green fuel for transportation or filling of cylinders.

• The Sustainable Alternatives Towards Affordable Transporation (SATAT) scheme by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy encourages entrepreneurs to set up compressed biogas (CBG) plants.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 3 is incorrect.

Biogas contains about 55-65 per cent methane, 35-44 per cent of carbon dioxide and traces of other gases such as hydrogen sulphide, ammonia and nitrogen.

In its raw form, biogas can be used as a clean cooking fuel like LPG for lighting, motive power and electricity generation.

Further, biogas can be purified and upgraded up to 98 per cent of purity to make it suitable to be used as a green fuel for transportation or filling of cylinders. The process relies on a high pressure of circa 250 bar and hence is called compressed biogas (CBG).

The Sustainable Alternatives Towards Affordable Transporation (SATAT) scheme by the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas (MoPNG) encourages entrepreneurs to set up CBG plants, produce and supply CBG to oil and gas marketing companies (OGC/OMC) for selling it as automotive and industrial fuels.

Solution: b)

Statement 3 is incorrect.

Biogas contains about 55-65 per cent methane, 35-44 per cent of carbon dioxide and traces of other gases such as hydrogen sulphide, ammonia and nitrogen.

In its raw form, biogas can be used as a clean cooking fuel like LPG for lighting, motive power and electricity generation.

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Consider the following statements. Soil Organic Matter (SOM) is mainly composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen but also have small amounts of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorous. Storing the carbon contained in organic matter within the soil, is seen as one way to mitigate climate change. Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) cannot be emitted back in gaseous form or lost into the atmosphere. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 3 is incorrect. Soil Organic Matter (SOM) is mainly composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen but also has small amounts of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorous, sulphur, potassium, calcium and magnesium contained within organic residues. After carbon enters the soil in the form of organic material from soil fauna and flora, it can persist in the soil for decades, centuries or even millennia. Eventually, SOC can be lost as CO2 or CH4 emitted back into the atmosphere, eroded soil material, or dissolved organic carbon washed into rivers and oceans. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 3 is incorrect. Soil Organic Matter (SOM) is mainly composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen but also has small amounts of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorous, sulphur, potassium, calcium and magnesium contained within organic residues. After carbon enters the soil in the form of organic material from soil fauna and flora, it can persist in the soil for decades, centuries or even millennia. Eventually, SOC can be lost as CO2 or CH4 emitted back into the atmosphere, eroded soil material, or dissolved organic carbon washed into rivers and oceans.

#### 5. Question

Consider the following statements.

• Soil Organic Matter (SOM) is mainly composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen but also have small amounts of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorous.

• Storing the carbon contained in organic matter within the soil, is seen as one way to mitigate climate change.

• Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) cannot be emitted back in gaseous form or lost into the atmosphere.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 3 is incorrect.

Soil Organic Matter (SOM) is mainly composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen but also has small amounts of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorous, sulphur, potassium, calcium and magnesium contained within organic residues.

After carbon enters the soil in the form of organic material from soil fauna and flora, it can persist in the soil for decades, centuries or even millennia. Eventually, SOC can be lost as CO2 or CH4 emitted back into the atmosphere, eroded soil material, or dissolved organic carbon washed into rivers and oceans.

Solution: b)

Statement 3 is incorrect.

Join our Official Telegram Channel HERE for Motivation and Fast Updates

Join our Twitter Channel HERE

Follow our Instagram Channel HERE