UPSC Static Quiz – Art & Culture : 27 August 2024

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question The Mandapeswar Caves, also known as Montpezir Caves, are unique because: a) They contain the earliest known Buddhist stupas in India. b) They are the only Brahmanical caves that were later converted into a Christian shrine. c) They were constructed entirely under the patronage of the Mauryan dynasty. d) They house the largest chaitya in India. Correct Solution: b) Montpezir It is also called as Mandapeswar caves. It is situated near Mumbai The caves are situated in Mount Poinsur, Borivali, a suburb of Mumbai. Originally, the caves were on the banks of the Dahisar River but later the course of the river changed They are the only Brahmanical caves to be converted into a Christian shrine It has three caves which are dated to 8th century Incorrect Solution: b) Montpezir It is also called as Mandapeswar caves. It is situated near Mumbai The caves are situated in Mount Poinsur, Borivali, a suburb of Mumbai. Originally, the caves were on the banks of the Dahisar River but later the course of the river changed They are the only Brahmanical caves to be converted into a Christian shrine It has three caves which are dated to 8th century

#### 1. Question

The Mandapeswar Caves, also known as Montpezir Caves, are unique because:

• a) They contain the earliest known Buddhist stupas in India.

• b) They are the only Brahmanical caves that were later converted into a Christian shrine.

• c) They were constructed entirely under the patronage of the Mauryan dynasty.

• d) They house the largest chaitya in India.

Solution: b)

Montpezir

• It is also called as Mandapeswar caves. It is situated near Mumbai

• The caves are situated in Mount Poinsur, Borivali, a suburb of Mumbai. Originally, the caves were on the banks of the Dahisar River but later the course of the river changed

• They are the only Brahmanical caves to be converted into a Christian shrine

• It has three caves which are dated to 8th century

Solution: b)

Montpezir

• It is also called as Mandapeswar caves. It is situated near Mumbai

• The caves are situated in Mount Poinsur, Borivali, a suburb of Mumbai. Originally, the caves were on the banks of the Dahisar River but later the course of the river changed

• They are the only Brahmanical caves to be converted into a Christian shrine

• It has three caves which are dated to 8th century

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following statements about the Ellora Caves: The Ellora Caves feature Hindu, Buddhist, and Jain monuments. All of the Ellora monuments were built during the Gupta Empire. The Kailash temple at Ellora is a chariot-shaped monument dedicated to Lord Vishnu. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? a) 1 only b) 1 and 2 only c) 1 and 3 only d) 2 and 3 only Correct Solution: a) Statement 1 is correct as the Ellora Caves indeed feature monuments from Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism. Statement 2 is incorrect because the Ellora monuments were built during the Rashtrakuta and Yadava dynasties, not the Gupta Empire. Statement 3 is incorrect because the Kailash temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva, not Lord Vishnu. Incorrect Solution: a) Statement 1 is correct as the Ellora Caves indeed feature monuments from Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism. Statement 2 is incorrect because the Ellora monuments were built during the Rashtrakuta and Yadava dynasties, not the Gupta Empire. Statement 3 is incorrect because the Kailash temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva, not Lord Vishnu.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements about the Ellora Caves:

• The Ellora Caves feature Hindu, Buddhist, and Jain monuments.

• All of the Ellora monuments were built during the Gupta Empire.

• The Kailash temple at Ellora is a chariot-shaped monument dedicated to Lord Vishnu.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

• b) 1 and 2 only

• c) 1 and 3 only

• d) 2 and 3 only

Solution: a)

• Statement 1 is correct as the Ellora Caves indeed feature monuments from Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism.

• Statement 2 is incorrect because the Ellora monuments were built during the Rashtrakuta and Yadava dynasties, not the Gupta Empire.

• Statement 3 is incorrect because the Kailash temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva, not Lord Vishnu.

Solution: a)

• Statement 1 is correct as the Ellora Caves indeed feature monuments from Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism.

• Statement 2 is incorrect because the Ellora monuments were built during the Rashtrakuta and Yadava dynasties, not the Gupta Empire.

• Statement 3 is incorrect because the Kailash temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva, not Lord Vishnu.

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question The Ajanta Caves are carved out of which type of rock formation? a) Granite rock of the Western Ghats b) Sandstone cliffs of the Chambal Valley c) Flood basalt rock of the Deccan Traps d) Limestone cliffs of the Vindhya Range Correct Solution: c) Ajanta caves The caves are carved out of flood basalt rock of a cliff, part of the Deccan Traps formed by successive volcanic eruptions at the end of the Cretaceous geological period. They are a group of rock-cut caves in the Sahyadri ranges on Waghora River near Aurangabad in Maharashtra. There are a total of 29 caves. All of these caves belong to the religion of Buddhism The caves were developed in the period between 200 BCE to 650 CE. The construction of the caves received patronage from Vakatakas kings References to these caves could be found in the observations made by the Chinese traveller Fa Hien and also Hieun Tsang The earliest group consists of caves 9, 10, 12, 13 and 15A. The murals in these caves depict stories from the Jataka The second phase of construction at the Ajanta Caves site began in the 5th century. The second phase is attributed to the theistic Mahayana Incorrect Solution: c) Ajanta caves The caves are carved out of flood basalt rock of a cliff, part of the Deccan Traps formed by successive volcanic eruptions at the end of the Cretaceous geological period. They are a group of rock-cut caves in the Sahyadri ranges on Waghora River near Aurangabad in Maharashtra. There are a total of 29 caves. All of these caves belong to the religion of Buddhism The caves were developed in the period between 200 BCE to 650 CE. The construction of the caves received patronage from Vakatakas kings References to these caves could be found in the observations made by the Chinese traveller Fa Hien and also Hieun Tsang The earliest group consists of caves 9, 10, 12, 13 and 15A. The murals in these caves depict stories from the Jataka The second phase of construction at the Ajanta Caves site began in the 5th century. The second phase is attributed to the theistic Mahayana

#### 3. Question

The Ajanta Caves are carved out of which type of rock formation?

• a) Granite rock of the Western Ghats

• b) Sandstone cliffs of the Chambal Valley

• c) Flood basalt rock of the Deccan Traps

• d) Limestone cliffs of the Vindhya Range

Solution: c)

Ajanta caves

The caves are carved out of flood basalt rock of a cliff, part of the Deccan Traps formed by successive volcanic eruptions at the end of the Cretaceous geological period.

• They are a group of rock-cut caves in the Sahyadri ranges on Waghora River near Aurangabad in Maharashtra.

• There are a total of 29 caves. All of these caves belong to the religion of Buddhism

• The caves were developed in the period between 200 BCE to 650 CE.

• The construction of the caves received patronage from Vakatakas kings

• References to these caves could be found in the observations made by the Chinese traveller Fa Hien and also Hieun Tsang

• The earliest group consists of caves 9, 10, 12, 13 and 15A. The murals in these caves depict stories from the Jataka

• The second phase of construction at the Ajanta Caves site began in the 5th century. The second phase is attributed to the theistic Mahayana