UPSC Static Quiz – Ancient & Medieval India : 5 August 2024

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question In geological history of the earth, Panthalasa was a a) Super Ocean present in Pre – Cambrian Era b) Super Continent present in Pre – Cambrian Era c) Super Ocean present in Paleozoic to Mesozoic transition d) Super Continent present in Paleozoic to Mesozoic transition Correct Solution: c) Panthalassa was the super-ocean that surrounded the supercontinent Pangaea, the latest in a series of supercontinents in the history of Earth. During the Paleozoic–Mesozoic transition it occupied almost 70% of Earth’s surface. Its ocean floor has completely disappeared because of the continuous subduction along the continental margins on its circumference. Panthalassa is also referred to as the Paleo-Pacific (“old Pacific”) or Proto-Pacific because the Pacific Ocean is a direct continuation of Panthalassa. Incorrect Solution: c) Panthalassa was the super-ocean that surrounded the supercontinent Pangaea, the latest in a series of supercontinents in the history of Earth. During the Paleozoic–Mesozoic transition it occupied almost 70% of Earth’s surface. Its ocean floor has completely disappeared because of the continuous subduction along the continental margins on its circumference. Panthalassa is also referred to as the Paleo-Pacific (“old Pacific”) or Proto-Pacific because the Pacific Ocean is a direct continuation of Panthalassa.

#### 1. Question

In geological history of the earth, Panthalasa was a

• a) Super Ocean present in Pre – Cambrian Era

• b) Super Continent present in Pre – Cambrian Era

• c) Super Ocean present in Paleozoic to Mesozoic transition

• d) Super Continent present in Paleozoic to Mesozoic transition

Solution: c)

Panthalassa was the super-ocean that surrounded the supercontinent Pangaea, the latest in a series of supercontinents in the history of Earth. During the Paleozoic–Mesozoic transition it occupied almost 70% of Earth’s surface. Its ocean floor has completely disappeared because of the continuous subduction along the continental margins on its circumference. Panthalassa is also referred to as the Paleo-Pacific (“old Pacific”) or Proto-Pacific because the Pacific Ocean is a direct continuation of Panthalassa.

Solution: c)

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following statements regarding Old Stone Age sites. The Old Stone age sites were generally located away from water sources to avoid flooding. Most of these Old stone age sites are concentrated in Southern India with the exception of Adamgarh hill and Bhimbetka. Which of the above statements is/are incorrect? a) 1 only b) 2 only c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 Correct Solution: c) The Old Stone age sites are generally located near water sources because water sources were the lifeline of the Old stone age people and thus the communities lived and hunted close to water sources. Several rock shelters and caves used by the Paleolithic people are scattered across the subcontinent. Some of the famous sites of Old Stone Age in India are: The Soan valley and Potwar Plateau on the northwest India. The Siwalik hills on the north India. Bhimpetka in Madhya Pradesh. Adamgarh hill in Narmada valley. Kurnool in Andhra Pradesh and Attirampakkam near Chennai. Incorrect Solution: c) The Old Stone age sites are generally located near water sources because water sources were the lifeline of the Old stone age people and thus the communities lived and hunted close to water sources. Several rock shelters and caves used by the Paleolithic people are scattered across the subcontinent. Some of the famous sites of Old Stone Age in India are: The Soan valley and Potwar Plateau on the northwest India. The Siwalik hills on the north India. Bhimpetka in Madhya Pradesh. Adamgarh hill in Narmada valley. Kurnool in Andhra Pradesh and Attirampakkam near Chennai.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Old Stone Age sites.

• The Old Stone age sites were generally located away from water sources to avoid flooding.

• Most of these Old stone age sites are concentrated in Southern India with the exception of Adamgarh hill and Bhimbetka.

Which of the above statements is/are incorrect?

• c) Both 1 and 2

• d) Neither 1 nor 2

Solution: c)

The Old Stone age sites are generally located near water sources because water sources were the lifeline of the Old stone age people and thus the communities lived and hunted close to water sources.

Several rock shelters and caves used by the Paleolithic people are scattered across the subcontinent.

Some of the famous sites of Old Stone Age in India are:

• The Soan valley and Potwar Plateau on the northwest India.

• The Siwalik hills on the north India.

• Bhimpetka in Madhya Pradesh.

• Adamgarh hill in Narmada valley.

• Kurnool in Andhra Pradesh and

• Attirampakkam near Chennai.

Solution: c)

Several rock shelters and caves used by the Paleolithic people are scattered across the subcontinent.

Some of the famous sites of Old Stone Age in India are:

• The Soan valley and Potwar Plateau on the northwest India.

• The Siwalik hills on the north India.

• Bhimpetka in Madhya Pradesh.

• Adamgarh hill in Narmada valley.

• Kurnool in Andhra Pradesh and

• Attirampakkam near Chennai.

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Consider the following statements regarding Middle Stone Age. Stone artifacts often more than five centimeters in size, called microliths were found. There seems to have been a shift from big animal hunting to small animal hunting and fishing. Domestication of animals, horticulture and primitive cultivation started during this period. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 1 is incorrect. Mesolithic or Middle Stone Age The next stage(Old Stone Age) of human life is called Mesolithic or Middle Stone Age which falls roughly from 10000 B.C. to 6000 B.C. It was the transitional phase between the Paleolithic Age and Neolithic Age. Mesolithic remains are found in Langhanj in Gujarat, Adamgarh in Madhya Pradesh and also in some places of Rajasthan, Utter Pradesh and Bihar. The paintings and engravings found at the rock shelters give an idea about the social life and economic activities of Mesolithic people. In the sites of Mesolithic Age, a different type of stone tools is found. These are tiny stone artifacts, often not more than five centimeters in size, and therefore called microliths. The hunting-gathering pattern of life continued during this period. However, there seems to have been a shift from big animal hunting to small animal hunting and fishing. The use of bow and arrow also began during this period. Also, there began a tendency to settle for longer periods in an area. Therefore, domestication of animals, horticulture and primitive cultivation started. Animal bones are found in these sites and these include dog, deer, boar and ostrich. Occasionally, burials of the dead along with some microliths and shells seem to have been practiced. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 1 is incorrect. Mesolithic or Middle Stone Age The next stage(Old Stone Age) of human life is called Mesolithic or Middle Stone Age which falls roughly from 10000 B.C. to 6000 B.C. It was the transitional phase between the Paleolithic Age and Neolithic Age. Mesolithic remains are found in Langhanj in Gujarat, Adamgarh in Madhya Pradesh and also in some places of Rajasthan, Utter Pradesh and Bihar. The paintings and engravings found at the rock shelters give an idea about the social life and economic activities of Mesolithic people. In the sites of Mesolithic Age, a different type of stone tools is found. These are tiny stone artifacts, often not more than five centimeters in size, and therefore called microliths. The hunting-gathering pattern of life continued during this period. However, there seems to have been a shift from big animal hunting to small animal hunting and fishing. The use of bow and arrow also began during this period. Also, there began a tendency to settle for longer periods in an area. Therefore, domestication of animals, horticulture and primitive cultivation started. Animal bones are found in these sites and these include dog, deer, boar and ostrich. Occasionally, burials of the dead along with some microliths and shells seem to have been practiced.

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Middle Stone Age.

• Stone artifacts often more than five centimeters in size, called microliths were found.

• There seems to have been a shift from big animal hunting to small animal hunting and fishing.

• Domestication of animals, horticulture and primitive cultivation started during this period.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is incorrect.

Mesolithic or Middle Stone Age

The next stage(Old Stone Age) of human life is called Mesolithic or Middle Stone Age which falls roughly from 10000 B.C. to 6000 B.C. It was the transitional phase between the Paleolithic Age and Neolithic Age. Mesolithic remains are found in Langhanj in Gujarat, Adamgarh in Madhya Pradesh and also in some places of Rajasthan, Utter Pradesh and Bihar. The paintings and engravings found at the rock shelters give an idea about the social life and economic activities of Mesolithic people. In the sites of Mesolithic Age, a different type of stone tools is found. These are tiny stone artifacts, often not more than five centimeters in size, and therefore called microliths. The hunting-gathering pattern of life continued during this period.

However, there seems to have been a shift from big animal hunting to small animal hunting and fishing. The use of bow and arrow also began during this period. Also, there began a tendency to settle for longer periods in an area. Therefore, domestication of animals, horticulture and primitive cultivation started. Animal bones are found in these sites and these include dog, deer, boar and ostrich. Occasionally, burials of the dead along with some microliths and shells seem to have been practiced.

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is incorrect.

Mesolithic or Middle Stone Age

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Which of the following sites belong to Lower Palaeolithic period? Thar Desert Sohan Valley Bori Bhimbetka Select the correct answer code: a) 1, 2, 4 c) 1, 2, 3 d) 1, 3, 4 d) 1, 2, 3, 4 Correct Solution: d) The Lower Palaeolithic or the Early Old Stone Age covers the greater part of the ice age. The Early Old Stone Age may have begun in Africa around two million years ago, but in India it is not older than 600,000 years. This date is given to Bori in Maharashtra, and this site is considered to be the earliest Lower Paleolithic site. Early Old Stone Age sites have been found in the valley of river Son or Sohan in Punjab, now in Pakistan. Several sites have been found in Kashmir and the Thar Desert. Lower Paleolithic tools have also been found in the Belan valley in UP and in the desert area of Didwana in Rajasthan. Didwana yielded not only Lower Paleolithic stone tools but also those of the Middle and Upper Paleolithic ages. Chirki-Nevasa in Maharashtra has yielded as many as 2000 tools, and those have also been found at several places in the south. Nagarjunakonda in Andhra Pradesh is an important site, and the caves and rock shelters of Bhimbetka near Bhopal also show features of the Lower Paleolithic age. Incorrect Solution: d) The Lower Palaeolithic or the Early Old Stone Age covers the greater part of the ice age. The Early Old Stone Age may have begun in Africa around two million years ago, but in India it is not older than 600,000 years. This date is given to Bori in Maharashtra, and this site is considered to be the earliest Lower Paleolithic site. Early Old Stone Age sites have been found in the valley of river Son or Sohan in Punjab, now in Pakistan. Several sites have been found in Kashmir and the Thar Desert. Lower Paleolithic tools have also been found in the Belan valley in UP and in the desert area of Didwana in Rajasthan. Didwana yielded not only Lower Paleolithic stone tools but also those of the Middle and Upper Paleolithic ages. Chirki-Nevasa in Maharashtra has yielded as many as 2000 tools, and those have also been found at several places in the south. Nagarjunakonda in Andhra Pradesh is an important site, and the caves and rock shelters of Bhimbetka near Bhopal also show features of the Lower Paleolithic age.

#### 4. Question

Which of the following sites belong to Lower Palaeolithic period?

• Thar Desert

• Sohan Valley

Select the correct answer code:

• a) 1, 2, 4

• c) 1, 2, 3

• d) 1, 3, 4

• d) 1, 2, 3, 4

Solution: d)

The Lower Palaeolithic or the Early Old Stone Age covers the greater part of the ice age. The Early Old Stone Age may have begun in Africa around two million years ago, but in India it is not older than 600,000 years. This date is given to Bori in Maharashtra, and this site is considered to be the earliest Lower Paleolithic site.

Early Old Stone Age sites have been found in the valley of river Son or Sohan in Punjab, now in Pakistan. Several sites have been found in Kashmir and the Thar Desert.

Lower Paleolithic tools have also been found in the Belan valley in UP and in the desert area of Didwana in Rajasthan. Didwana yielded not only Lower Paleolithic stone tools but also those of the Middle and Upper Paleolithic ages.

Chirki-Nevasa in Maharashtra has yielded as many as 2000 tools, and those have also been found at several places in the south. Nagarjunakonda in Andhra Pradesh is an important site, and the caves and rock shelters of Bhimbetka near Bhopal also show features of the Lower Paleolithic age.

Solution: d)

Early Old Stone Age sites have been found in the valley of river Son or Sohan in Punjab, now in Pakistan. Several sites have been found in Kashmir and the Thar Desert.

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Which of the following are the features of the Chalcolithic period? Painted pottery was practiced during this period. People started using iron, but did not know of copper and bronze metals. A new technology for smelting metal ore was developed. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 2 is incorrect. Black on Red ware is a famous pottery of this age. It is marked by the use of copper as the first major metal in India. Bronze too was used. The Chalcolithic age is followed by Iron Age. Iron is frequently referred to in the Vedas. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 2 is incorrect. Black on Red ware is a famous pottery of this age. It is marked by the use of copper as the first major metal in India. Bronze too was used. The Chalcolithic age is followed by Iron Age. Iron is frequently referred to in the Vedas.

#### 5. Question

Which of the following are the features of the Chalcolithic period?

• Painted pottery was practiced during this period.

• People started using iron, but did not know of copper and bronze metals.

• A new technology for smelting metal ore was developed.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 2 is incorrect.

Black on Red ware is a famous pottery of this age.

It is marked by the use of copper as the first major metal in India. Bronze too was used. The Chalcolithic age is followed by Iron Age. Iron is frequently referred to in the Vedas.

Solution: b)

Statement 2 is incorrect.

Black on Red ware is a famous pottery of this age.

It is marked by the use of copper as the first major metal in India. Bronze too was used. The Chalcolithic age is followed by Iron Age. Iron is frequently referred to in the Vedas.

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