UPSC Static Quiz – Ancient & Medieval India : 15 August 2024

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Who became the virtual ruler of the Maratha Empire after the death of Shahu I ji Maharaj in 1749? a) Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj b) Nana Jagannath Shankarseth c) Peshwa Balaji Baji Rao d) Rani Durgavati Correct Solution: c) After the death of Shahu I ji Maharaj in 1749, Peshwa Balaji Baji Rao became the virtual ruler of the Maratha Empire. This marked a significant shift in the power structure of the Maratha Empire, as the Peshwa, originally the prime minister, assumed de facto control. This period saw the zenith of Peshwa power and further expansion of Maratha influence across the Indian subcontinent. Incorrect Solution: c) After the death of Shahu I ji Maharaj in 1749, Peshwa Balaji Baji Rao became the virtual ruler of the Maratha Empire. This marked a significant shift in the power structure of the Maratha Empire, as the Peshwa, originally the prime minister, assumed de facto control. This period saw the zenith of Peshwa power and further expansion of Maratha influence across the Indian subcontinent.

#### 1. Question

Who became the virtual ruler of the Maratha Empire after the death of Shahu I ji Maharaj in 1749?

• a) Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj

• b) Nana Jagannath Shankarseth

• c) Peshwa Balaji Baji Rao

• d) Rani Durgavati

• Solution: c)

After the death of Shahu I ji Maharaj in 1749, Peshwa Balaji Baji Rao became the virtual ruler of the Maratha Empire. This marked a significant shift in the power structure of the Maratha Empire, as the Peshwa, originally the prime minister, assumed de facto control. This period saw the zenith of Peshwa power and further expansion of Maratha influence across the Indian subcontinent.

• Solution: c)

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following statements in the context of Maratha Empire’s historical significance STATEMENT 1: The Maratha Empire was founded by Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj. STATEMENT 2: The Maratha Empire was never conquered by foreign powers. Which of the statements above is/are correct? a) Only STATEMENT 1 b) Only STATEMENT 2 c) BOTH STATEMENTS d) Neither statements Correct Solution: a) STATEMENT 1 EXPLANATION :: This statement is true. Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj formally established the Maratha Empire in 1674. He laid the foundation for a powerful Hindu state that would challenge Mughal supremacy in India, implementing innovative military tactics and administrative systems. STATEMENT 2 EXPLANATION :: This statement is false. The Maratha Empire was eventually taken over by the British. After a series of Anglo-Maratha Wars in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, the British East India Company gradually eroded Maratha power. The empire effectively ended with the defeat of Peshwa Bajirao II in the Third Anglo-Maratha War (1817-1818). Incorrect Solution: a) STATEMENT 1 EXPLANATION :: This statement is true. Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj formally established the Maratha Empire in 1674. He laid the foundation for a powerful Hindu state that would challenge Mughal supremacy in India, implementing innovative military tactics and administrative systems. STATEMENT 2 EXPLANATION :: This statement is false. The Maratha Empire was eventually taken over by the British. After a series of Anglo-Maratha Wars in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, the British East India Company gradually eroded Maratha power. The empire effectively ended with the defeat of Peshwa Bajirao II in the Third Anglo-Maratha War (1817-1818).

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements in the context of Maratha Empire’s historical significance STATEMENT 1: The Maratha Empire was founded by Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj. STATEMENT 2: The Maratha Empire was never conquered by foreign powers.

Which of the statements above is/are correct?

• a) Only STATEMENT 1

• b) Only STATEMENT 2

• c) BOTH STATEMENTS

• d) Neither statements

Solution: a)

STATEMENT 1 EXPLANATION :: This statement is true. Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj formally established the Maratha Empire in 1674. He laid the foundation for a powerful Hindu state that would challenge Mughal supremacy in India, implementing innovative military tactics and administrative systems.

STATEMENT 2 EXPLANATION :: This statement is false. The Maratha Empire was eventually taken over by the British. After a series of Anglo-Maratha Wars in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, the British East India Company gradually eroded Maratha power. The empire effectively ended with the defeat of Peshwa Bajirao II in the Third Anglo-Maratha War (1817-1818).

Solution: a)

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question What was the significance of Marathi language during the Devagiri Yadava dynasty? a) It was used only for religious texts b) It was used exclusively by the royal court c) It was restricted to literary works d) It became the first major official language Correct Solution: d) The Devagiri Yadavas were the first major dynasty to use Marathi as an official language. This marked a significant shift in the linguistic landscape of the region, as previously Sanskrit and Kannada had been the primary languages for official inscriptions in present-day Maharashtra. The Yadavas’ promotion of Marathi as an official language played a crucial role in establishing it as the dominant language of the region, influencing its cultural and administrative spheres for centuries to come. Incorrect Solution: d) The Devagiri Yadavas were the first major dynasty to use Marathi as an official language. This marked a significant shift in the linguistic landscape of the region, as previously Sanskrit and Kannada had been the primary languages for official inscriptions in present-day Maharashtra. The Yadavas’ promotion of Marathi as an official language played a crucial role in establishing it as the dominant language of the region, influencing its cultural and administrative spheres for centuries to come.

#### 3. Question

What was the significance of Marathi language during the Devagiri Yadava dynasty?

• a) It was used only for religious texts

• b) It was used exclusively by the royal court

• c) It was restricted to literary works

• d) It became the first major official language

• Solution: d)

The Devagiri Yadavas were the first major dynasty to use Marathi as an official language. This marked a significant shift in the linguistic landscape of the region, as previously Sanskrit and Kannada had been the primary languages for official inscriptions in present-day Maharashtra. The Yadavas’ promotion of Marathi as an official language played a crucial role in establishing it as the dominant language of the region, influencing its cultural and administrative spheres for centuries to come.

• Solution: d)

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Consider the following statements regarding the Hoysala Dynasty’s religious patronage Hoysalas supported multiple religions. Vishnuvardhana converted to Srivaishnavism. Hoysalas combined Nagara and Dravida style and developed new Hoysala style. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 3 is incorrect. The Hoysala Dynasty patronized various religious traditions, including Shaivism, Vaishnavism, and Jainism, demonstrating their religious tolerance and diversity. Vishnuvardhana, a prominent Hoysala ruler, was initially a follower of Jainism but later converted to Srivaishnavism under the influence of Sri Ramanujacharya, marking a significant shift in his personal faith. The Hoysala style was a unique architectural style developed by the Hoysalas by combining elements from both Vesara and Dravida styles. This style is characterized by star-shaped platforms, elaborate carvings, beautifully carved madanika figures, and pyramidical-shaped vimanas (shikaras). The Hoysala style represents a significant innovation in South Indian temple architecture, blending different traditions to create a distinctive aesthetic. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 3 is incorrect. The Hoysala Dynasty patronized various religious traditions, including Shaivism, Vaishnavism, and Jainism, demonstrating their religious tolerance and diversity. Vishnuvardhana, a prominent Hoysala ruler, was initially a follower of Jainism but later converted to Srivaishnavism under the influence of Sri Ramanujacharya, marking a significant shift in his personal faith. The Hoysala style was a unique architectural style developed by the Hoysalas by combining elements from both Vesara and Dravida styles. This style is characterized by star-shaped platforms, elaborate carvings, beautifully carved madanika figures, and pyramidical-shaped vimanas (shikaras). The Hoysala style represents a significant innovation in South Indian temple architecture, blending different traditions to create a distinctive aesthetic.

#### 4. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the Hoysala Dynasty’s religious patronage

• Hoysalas supported multiple religions.

• Vishnuvardhana converted to Srivaishnavism.

• Hoysalas combined Nagara and Dravida style and developed new Hoysala style.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 3 is incorrect.

The Hoysala Dynasty patronized various religious traditions, including Shaivism, Vaishnavism, and Jainism, demonstrating their religious tolerance and diversity.

Vishnuvardhana, a prominent Hoysala ruler, was initially a follower of Jainism but later converted to Srivaishnavism under the influence of Sri Ramanujacharya, marking a significant shift in his personal faith.

The Hoysala style was a unique architectural style developed by the Hoysalas by combining elements from both Vesara and Dravida styles. This style is characterized by star-shaped platforms, elaborate carvings, beautifully carved madanika figures, and pyramidical-shaped vimanas (shikaras). The Hoysala style represents a significant innovation in South Indian temple architecture, blending different traditions to create a distinctive aesthetic.

Solution: b)

Statement 3 is incorrect.

The Hoysala Dynasty patronized various religious traditions, including Shaivism, Vaishnavism, and Jainism, demonstrating their religious tolerance and diversity.

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Match the following dynasties with their corresponding regions of rule: COLUMN 1 1. Hoysala Dynasty 2. Gujrara Prathara Dynasty 3. Eastern Ganga Dynasty 4. Alupa Dynasty COLUMN 2 A. Rajasthan and Gujarat B. Karnataka and Tamil Nadu C. Tulu Nadu in Karnataka D. Kalinga region Select the option with correct matching pairs below. a) 1-B, 2-A, 3-D, 4-C b) 1-C, 2-D, 3-A, 4-B c) 1-A, 2-B, 3-C, 4-D d) 1-D, 2-C, 3-B, 4-A Correct Solution: a) The Hoysala Dynasty ruled over Karnataka and Tamil Nadu, the Gujrara Prathara Dynasty ruled Rajasthan and Gujarat, the Eastern Ganga Dynasty ruled the Kalinga region, and the Alupa Dynasty ruled Tulu Nadu in Karnataka. Incorrect Solution: a) The Hoysala Dynasty ruled over Karnataka and Tamil Nadu, the Gujrara Prathara Dynasty ruled Rajasthan and Gujarat, the Eastern Ganga Dynasty ruled the Kalinga region, and the Alupa Dynasty ruled Tulu Nadu in Karnataka.

#### 5. Question

Match the following dynasties with their corresponding regions of rule: COLUMN 1 1. Hoysala Dynasty 2. Gujrara Prathara Dynasty 3. Eastern Ganga Dynasty 4. Alupa Dynasty

COLUMN 2 A. Rajasthan and Gujarat B. Karnataka and Tamil Nadu C. Tulu Nadu in Karnataka D. Kalinga region

Select the option with correct matching pairs below.

• a) 1-B, 2-A, 3-D, 4-C

• b) 1-C, 2-D, 3-A, 4-B

• c) 1-A, 2-B, 3-C, 4-D

• d) 1-D, 2-C, 3-B, 4-A

Solution: a)

The Hoysala Dynasty ruled over Karnataka and Tamil Nadu, the Gujrara Prathara Dynasty ruled Rajasthan and Gujarat, the Eastern Ganga Dynasty ruled the Kalinga region, and the Alupa Dynasty ruled Tulu Nadu in Karnataka.

Solution: a)

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