UPSC Static Quiz – Ancient & Medieval India : 13 August 2024

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question What innovative military tactic did Babur employ in the First Battle of Panipat that gave him a significant advantage? a) Guerrilla warfare b) Use of elephants c) Rumi method with cannons d) Cavalry charge Correct Solution: c) Babur effectively applied the Rumi (Ottoman) method of warfare, which included the use of cannons. This was a significant innovation in 16th-century warfare and gave Babur a decisive advantage despite his numerically inferior force. The use of cannons allowed Babur to overcome the larger army of Ibrahim Lodi, demonstrating the impact of technological advancement in military strategy. Incorrect Solution: c) Babur effectively applied the Rumi (Ottoman) method of warfare, which included the use of cannons. This was a significant innovation in 16th-century warfare and gave Babur a decisive advantage despite his numerically inferior force. The use of cannons allowed Babur to overcome the larger army of Ibrahim Lodi, demonstrating the impact of technological advancement in military strategy.

#### 1. Question

What innovative military tactic did Babur employ in the First Battle of Panipat that gave him a significant advantage?

• a) Guerrilla warfare

• b) Use of elephants

• c) Rumi method with cannons

• d) Cavalry charge

• Solution: c)

Babur effectively applied the Rumi (Ottoman) method of warfare, which included the use of cannons. This was a significant innovation in 16th-century warfare and gave Babur a decisive advantage despite his numerically inferior force. The use of cannons allowed Babur to overcome the larger army of Ibrahim Lodi, demonstrating the impact of technological advancement in military strategy.

• Solution: c)

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question How many subas (provinces) was the Mughal Empire divided into under Akbar’s administration? a) Ten b) Twelve c) Fifteen d) Twenty Correct Solution: b) Under Akbar’s administration, the Mughal Empire was formally divided into twelve subas or provinces. This administrative division was a significant development in the empire’s governance structure, allowing for more efficient management of the vast territory. The suba system built upon earlier administrative units and helped standardize governance across the empire, contributing to its stability and longevity. Incorrect Solution: b) Under Akbar’s administration, the Mughal Empire was formally divided into twelve subas or provinces. This administrative division was a significant development in the empire’s governance structure, allowing for more efficient management of the vast territory. The suba system built upon earlier administrative units and helped standardize governance across the empire, contributing to its stability and longevity.

#### 2. Question

How many subas (provinces) was the Mughal Empire divided into under Akbar’s administration?

• c) Fifteen

• Solution: b)

Under Akbar’s administration, the Mughal Empire was formally divided into twelve subas or provinces. This administrative division was a significant development in the empire’s governance structure, allowing for more efficient management of the vast territory. The suba system built upon earlier administrative units and helped standardize governance across the empire, contributing to its stability and longevity.

• Solution: b)

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Consider the following statements in the context of Mughal Empire’s impact on India STATEMENT 1 :: The Mughal Empire lasted from 1526 to 1857. STATEMENT 2 :: The Mughal Empire consistently expanded throughout its reign. Which of the statements above is/are correct? a) Only STATEMENT 1 b) Only STATEMENT 2 c) BOTH STATEMENTS d) Neither statements Correct Solution: a) STATEMENT 1 EXPLANATION :: This statement is true. The Mughal Empire was established in 1526 when Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi in the First Battle of Panipat. It continued to rule over large parts of India until 1857, when the last Mughal emperor, Bahadur Shah Zafar, was deposed by the British following the Indian Rebellion of 1857. STATEMENT 2 EXPLANATION :: This statement is false. While the Mughal Empire did expand significantly under some rulers, particularly Akbar, it did not consistently expand throughout its reign. After the death of Aurangzeb in 1707, the empire began to decline, losing territory and influence. The later Mughal period was marked by internal conflicts, external invasions, and the rise of other powers like the Marathas. Incorrect Solution: a) STATEMENT 1 EXPLANATION :: This statement is true. The Mughal Empire was established in 1526 when Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi in the First Battle of Panipat. It continued to rule over large parts of India until 1857, when the last Mughal emperor, Bahadur Shah Zafar, was deposed by the British following the Indian Rebellion of 1857. STATEMENT 2 EXPLANATION :: This statement is false. While the Mughal Empire did expand significantly under some rulers, particularly Akbar, it did not consistently expand throughout its reign. After the death of Aurangzeb in 1707, the empire began to decline, losing territory and influence. The later Mughal period was marked by internal conflicts, external invasions, and the rise of other powers like the Marathas.

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements in the context of Mughal Empire’s impact on India STATEMENT 1 :: The Mughal Empire lasted from 1526 to 1857. STATEMENT 2 :: The Mughal Empire consistently expanded throughout its reign.

Which of the statements above is/are correct?

• a) Only STATEMENT 1

• b) Only STATEMENT 2

• c) BOTH STATEMENTS

• d) Neither statements

Solution: a)

STATEMENT 1 EXPLANATION :: This statement is true. The Mughal Empire was established in 1526 when Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi in the First Battle of Panipat. It continued to rule over large parts of India until 1857, when the last Mughal emperor, Bahadur Shah Zafar, was deposed by the British following the Indian Rebellion of 1857.

STATEMENT 2 EXPLANATION :: This statement is false. While the Mughal Empire did expand significantly under some rulers, particularly Akbar, it did not consistently expand throughout its reign. After the death of Aurangzeb in 1707, the empire began to decline, losing territory and influence. The later Mughal period was marked by internal conflicts, external invasions, and the rise of other powers like the Marathas.

Solution: a)

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Which of the following was NOT a classification of land under the Zabti system introduced by Raja Todarmal? a) Polaj b) Parauti c) Chachar d) Jagir Correct Solution: d) The Zabti system, introduced by Raja Todarmal in 1581, classified land based on its fertility and cultivation frequency. The classifications included Polaj (cultivated every year), Parauti (once in two years), Chachar (once in three or four years), and Banjar (once in five or more years). Jagir was not a land classification under this system, but rather a separate administrative concept where land was assigned to officials as a form of payment. Incorrect Solution: d) The Zabti system, introduced by Raja Todarmal in 1581, classified land based on its fertility and cultivation frequency. The classifications included Polaj (cultivated every year), Parauti (once in two years), Chachar (once in three or four years), and Banjar (once in five or more years). Jagir was not a land classification under this system, but rather a separate administrative concept where land was assigned to officials as a form of payment.

#### 4. Question

Which of the following was NOT a classification of land under the Zabti system introduced by Raja Todarmal?

• b) Parauti

• c) Chachar

• Solution: d)

The Zabti system, introduced by Raja Todarmal in 1581, classified land based on its fertility and cultivation frequency. The classifications included Polaj (cultivated every year), Parauti (once in two years), Chachar (once in three or four years), and Banjar (once in five or more years). Jagir was not a land classification under this system, but rather a separate administrative concept where land was assigned to officials as a form of payment.

• Solution: d)

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Which of the following battle ended with the Treaty of Allahabad? a) Battle of Plassey b) Battle of Buxar c) Second Carnatic War d) First Anglo-Sikh war Correct Solution: b) The Treaty of Allahabad was signed on August 16, 1765 between Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II of Bengal and Lord Clive of the British East India Company after the Battle of Buxar (1764). Based on the terms of the agreement, Shah Alam II granted Diwani rights to the East India Company. Incorrect Solution: b) The Treaty of Allahabad was signed on August 16, 1765 between Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II of Bengal and Lord Clive of the British East India Company after the Battle of Buxar (1764). Based on the terms of the agreement, Shah Alam II granted Diwani rights to the East India Company.

#### 5. Question

Which of the following battle ended with the Treaty of Allahabad?

• a) Battle of Plassey

• b) Battle of Buxar

• c) Second Carnatic War

• d) First Anglo-Sikh war

Solution: b)

The Treaty of Allahabad was signed on August 16, 1765 between Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II of Bengal and Lord Clive of the British East India Company after the Battle of Buxar (1764). Based on the terms of the agreement, Shah Alam II granted Diwani rights to the East India Company.

Solution: b)

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