UPSC Insta–DART (Daily Aptitude and Reasoning Test) 9 Nov 2024

Considering the alarming importance of CSAT in UPSC CSE Prelims exam and with enormous requests we received recently, InsightsIAS has started Daily CSAT Test to ensure students practice CSAT Questions on a daily basis. Regular Practice would help one overcome the fear of CSAT too.We are naming this initiative as Insta– DART – Daily Aptitude and Reasoning Test. We hope you will be able to use DART to hit bull’s eye in CSAT paper and comfortably score 100+ even in the most difficult question paper that UPSC can give you in CSP-2021. Your peace of mind after every step of this exam is very important for us.

Looking forward to your enthusiastic participation (both in sending us questions and solving them on daily basis on this portal).

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Particulate matter and ground-level ozone cause double-digit losses in crop yields. Ozone damages plant cells, handicapping photosynthesis, while particulate matter dims the sunlight that reaches crops. Agriculture scientist Tony Fischer’s 2019 estimates of the two pollutants’ combined effect suggest that as much as 30 per cent of India’s wheat yield is missing.High ozone levels in parts of Haryana and Punjab could diminish rice yields by a quarter and cotton by half. Which one of the following is the most important implication of the passage? (a) Particulate matter and higher ground level ozone will lead to loss in agricultural production. (b) An increase in the pollution level can lead to food insecurity. (c) Pollution is one of the most important reasons behind lowering the soil quality and hence crop yield (d) An increase in the concentration of particulate matter will be a threat for the photosynthetic cycle. Correct Answer: B Explanation: The passage talks about the relation between pollution and crop yield and hence food insecurity would be the probable implication of the above passage. Hence, option (b) is correct answer. Incorrect Answer: B Explanation: The passage talks about the relation between pollution and crop yield and hence food insecurity would be the probable implication of the above passage. Hence, option (b) is correct answer.

#### 1. Question

Particulate matter and ground-level ozone cause double-digit losses in crop yields. Ozone damages plant cells, handicapping photosynthesis, while particulate matter dims the sunlight that reaches crops. Agriculture scientist Tony Fischer’s 2019 estimates of the two pollutants’ combined effect suggest that as much as 30 per cent of India’s wheat yield is missing.High ozone levels in parts of Haryana and Punjab could diminish rice yields by a quarter and cotton by half.

Which one of the following is the most important implication of the passage?

• (a) Particulate matter and higher ground level ozone will lead to loss in agricultural production.

• (b) An increase in the pollution level can lead to food insecurity.

• (c) Pollution is one of the most important reasons behind lowering the soil quality and hence crop yield

• (d) An increase in the concentration of particulate matter will be a threat for the photosynthetic cycle.

Explanation:

The passage talks about the relation between pollution and crop yield and hence food insecurity would be the probable implication of the above passage. Hence, option (b) is correct answer.

Explanation:

The passage talks about the relation between pollution and crop yield and hence food insecurity would be the probable implication of the above passage. Hence, option (b) is correct answer.

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question The culture in its simplest form refers to the ideas, customs, and social behaviour of particular people or society. Whereas civilization is a series of actions taken, by which a society or place reaches an advanced stage of social and cultural development and establishment, where the process of civilization not only brings better individual self-control but also the transformations of attitudes and values. The crux of the passage is best described by, (a) Civilisation influences culture but not the other way around (b) Culture influences civilisation but not the other way around (c) Culture is what we are, civilisation is what we have (d) Culture is what we have, civilisation is what we are Correct Answer: C Explanation: Our ideas customs and behaviour decide our external disposition, but our attitudes and values decide internal one. So culture is what we are and civilisation is what we have. No influencing relation of one over the other is discussed so both option (a) and option (b) are wrong. Hence, option (c) is correct answer. Incorrect Answer: C Explanation: Our ideas customs and behaviour decide our external disposition, but our attitudes and values decide internal one. So culture is what we are and civilisation is what we have. No influencing relation of one over the other is discussed so both option (a) and option (b) are wrong. Hence, option (c) is correct answer.

#### 2. Question

The culture in its simplest form refers to the ideas, customs, and social behaviour of particular people or society. Whereas civilization is a series of actions taken, by which a society or place reaches an advanced stage of social and cultural development and establishment, where the process of civilization not only brings better individual self-control but also the transformations of attitudes and values.

The crux of the passage is best described by,

• (a) Civilisation influences culture but not the other way around

• (b) Culture influences civilisation but not the other way around

• (c) Culture is what we are, civilisation is what we have

• (d) Culture is what we have, civilisation is what we are

Explanation:

Our ideas customs and behaviour decide our external disposition, but our attitudes and values decide internal one. So culture is what we are and civilisation is what we have. No influencing relation of one over the other is discussed so both option (a) and option (b) are wrong. Hence, option (c) is correct answer.

Explanation:

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question The constant flux and instability of the outsourcing market coupled with the increasing number of new entrants make operating an outsourcing service challenging. Enterprises wishing to survive in such a competitive climate must respond to market conditions in specific and concerted ways that will allow them to glean pertinent data which they may use to their organizations‘ advantage. This requires a deep understanding of organizations, their interdepartmental association, workers‘ abilities, skill sets, and how these relate in the wider outsourcing industry. In addition, sustaining competitiveness in such an unstable climate requires that enterprise leaders establish models, objectives, and behaviours that will culminate in the oneness of purpose across the organization. Based on the passage given above, the following assumptions have been made: Specific skill sets should be preferred over broad knowledge to deal with challenges in the market. Only agile organizations can survive in competition prevalent in outsourcing market. Instability in the outsourcing market can lead to monopolies. Which of the above assumptions is/are valid? (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1 ,2 and 3 only (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 2 only Correct Answer: D Statement 1 and 3 are incorrect: The lines “This requires a deep understanding of organizations, their interdepartmental association, workers’ abilities, skill sets, and how these relate in the wider outsourcing industry. From this statement, we can conclude that broad knowledge is more useful than a specific skill set. The passage mentions that “The constant flux and instability of the outsourcing market coupled with the increasing number of new entrants makes operating an outsourcing servicechallenging. Enterprises wishing to survive in such a competitive climate must respond to market conditions in specific. This reflects that competition can eliminate enterprises if they do not respond to the challenges of the market. However, it does not necessarily mean that it will give rise to monopolies. Statement 2 is correct: According to the passage, “Enterprises wishing to survive in such a competitive climate must respond to market conditions in specific …‖. The word „must‟ reflects that only companies which can respond to changing needs can survive. So, this statement is a valid assumption. Hence, option (d) is correct answer. Incorrect Answer: D Statement 1 and 3 are incorrect: The lines “This requires a deep understanding of organizations, their interdepartmental association, workers’ abilities, skill sets, and how these relate in the wider outsourcing industry. From this statement, we can conclude that broad knowledge is more useful than a specific skill set. The passage mentions that “The constant flux and instability of the outsourcing market coupled with the increasing number of new entrants makes operating an outsourcing servicechallenging. Enterprises wishing to survive in such a competitive climate must respond to market conditions in specific. This reflects that competition can eliminate enterprises if they do not respond to the challenges of the market. However, it does not necessarily mean that it will give rise to monopolies. Statement 2 is correct: According to the passage, “Enterprises wishing to survive in such a competitive climate must respond to market conditions in specific …‖. The word „must‟ reflects that only companies which can respond to changing needs can survive. So, this statement is a valid assumption. Hence, option (d) is correct answer.

#### 3. Question

The constant flux and instability of the outsourcing market coupled with the increasing number of new entrants make operating an outsourcing service challenging. Enterprises wishing to survive in such a competitive climate must respond to market conditions in specific and concerted ways that will allow them to glean pertinent data which they may use to their organizations‘ advantage. This requires a deep understanding of organizations, their interdepartmental association, workers‘ abilities, skill sets, and how these relate in the wider outsourcing industry. In addition, sustaining competitiveness in such an unstable climate requires that enterprise leaders establish models, objectives, and behaviours that will culminate in the oneness of purpose across the organization.

Based on the passage given above, the following assumptions have been made:

• Specific skill sets should be preferred over broad knowledge to deal with challenges in the market. Only agile organizations can survive in competition prevalent in outsourcing market. Instability in the outsourcing market can lead to monopolies.

• Specific skill sets should be preferred over broad knowledge to deal with challenges in the market.

• Only agile organizations can survive in competition prevalent in outsourcing market.

• Instability in the outsourcing market can lead to monopolies.

Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?

• (a) 1 and 2 only

• (b) 1 ,2 and 3 only

• (c) 1 and 3 only

• (d) 2 only

• Statement 1 and 3 are incorrect: The lines “This requires a deep understanding of organizations, their interdepartmental association, workers’ abilities, skill sets, and how these relate in the wider outsourcing industry. From this statement, we can conclude that broad knowledge is more useful than a specific skill set. The passage mentions that “The constant flux and instability of the outsourcing market coupled with the increasing number of new entrants makes operating an outsourcing servicechallenging. Enterprises wishing to survive in such a competitive climate must respond to market conditions in specific. This reflects that competition can eliminate enterprises if they do not respond to the challenges of the market. However, it does not necessarily mean that it will give rise to monopolies.

Statement 2 is correct: According to the passage, “Enterprises wishing to survive in such a competitive climate must respond to market conditions in specific …‖. The word „must‟ reflects that only companies which can respond to changing needs can survive. So, this statement is a valid assumption. Hence, option (d) is correct answer.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Which of the following statements best reflects the central idea of the passage? (a) Organizational agility, broad knowledge, and good management are essential to survive in the outsourcing market. (b) Markets are highly competitive. (c) Enterprises cannot survive the competition without policy support. (d) Limiting competition in the outsourcing market would be good for the welfare of enterprises. Correct Answer: A According to the passage, ―Enterprises wishing to survive in such a competitive climate must respond to market conditions in specific. enterprise leaders establish models, objectives, and behaviours that will culminate in the oneness of purpose across the organization. All the lines talk about how to survive in this market – we need Organizational agility, broad knowledge, and good management. So, this option reflects the best central idea. Hence, option (a) is correct answer. Incorrect Answer: A According to the passage, ―Enterprises wishing to survive in such a competitive climate must respond to market conditions in specific. enterprise leaders establish models, objectives, and behaviours that will culminate in the oneness of purpose across the organization. All the lines talk about how to survive in this market – we need Organizational agility, broad knowledge, and good management. So, this option reflects the best central idea. Hence, option (a) is correct answer.

#### 4. Question

Which of the following statements best reflects the central idea of the passage?

• (a) Organizational agility, broad knowledge, and good management are essential to survive in the outsourcing market.

• (b) Markets are highly competitive.

• (c) Enterprises cannot survive the competition without policy support.

• (d) Limiting competition in the outsourcing market would be good for the welfare of enterprises.

According to the passage, ―Enterprises wishing to survive in such a competitive climate must respond to market conditions in specific. enterprise leaders establish models, objectives, and behaviours that will culminate in the oneness of purpose across the organization. All the lines talk about how to survive in this market – we need Organizational agility, broad knowledge, and good management. So, this option reflects the best central idea. Hence, option (a) is correct answer.

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question For whom, it suddenly occurred to him to wonder, was he writing this diary? For the future, for the unborn. His mind hovered for a moment round the doubtful date on the page, and then fetched up with a bump against the Newspeak word doublethink. For the first time the magnitude of what he had undertaken came home to him. How could you communicate with the future? It was of itsnature impossible. Either the future would resemble the present, in which case it would not listen to him: or it would be different from it, and his predicament would be meaningless. What is the main idea that we can infer from the passage? (a) Author was writing a letter to his unborn child. (b) Author writes about the predictability of the future and its resemblance to the present. (c) Author was writing about the word doublethink so as to communicate with the future. (d) Author can only predict the future as it's uncertain. Either it will repeat history or take a different path. Correct Answer: B Explanation: Author predicts the future and writes a diary for future generations on the basis of events happening in the present assuming he can guide them through this and then he realises that he can’t communicate with the future. And that the possibility of his prediction is improbable as the future is uncertain. Hence, option (d) is correct answer. Incorrect Answer: B Explanation: Author predicts the future and writes a diary for future generations on the basis of events happening in the present assuming he can guide them through this and then he realises that he can’t communicate with the future. And that the possibility of his prediction is improbable as the future is uncertain. Hence, option (d) is correct answer.

#### 5. Question

For whom, it suddenly occurred to him to wonder, was he writing this diary? For the future, for the unborn. His mind hovered for a moment round the doubtful date on the page, and then fetched up with a bump against the Newspeak word doublethink. For the first time the magnitude of what he had undertaken came home to him. How could you communicate with the future? It was of itsnature impossible. Either the future would resemble the present, in which case it would not listen to him: or it would be different from it, and his predicament would be meaningless.

What is the main idea that we can infer from the passage?

• (a) Author was writing a letter to his unborn child.

• (b) Author writes about the predictability of the future and its resemblance to the present.

• (c) Author was writing about the word doublethink so as to communicate with the future.

• (d) Author can only predict the future as it's uncertain. Either it will repeat history or take a different path.

Explanation:

Author predicts the future and writes a diary for future generations on the basis of events happening in the present assuming he can guide them through this and then he realises that he can’t communicate with the future. And that the possibility of his prediction is improbable as the future is uncertain. Hence, option (d) is correct answer.

Explanation:

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