UPSC Insta–DART (Daily Aptitude and Reasoning Test) 8 Aug 2025

Considering the alarming importance of CSAT in UPSC CSE Prelims exam and with enormous requests we received recently, InsightsIAS has started Daily CSAT Test to ensure students practice CSAT Questions on a daily basis. Regular Practice would help one overcome the fear of CSAT too.We are naming this initiative as Insta– DART – Daily Aptitude and Reasoning Test. We hope you will be able to use DART to hit bull’s eye in CSAT paper and comfortably score 100+ even in the most difficult question paper that UPSC can give you in CSP-2021. Your peace of mind after every step of this exam is very important for us.

Looking forward to your enthusiastic participation (both in sending us questions and solving them on daily basis on this portal).

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question A question is given followed by two statements: Question: What is the percentage profit made on the article? Statement I. The article was bought for ₹400 and sold at ₹480. Statement II. The profit made was ₹80. Which of the following is correct with respect to above? (a) If statement I alone is sufficient to answer the question. (b) If statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question. (c) If both the statements I & II together are not sufficient to answer the question. (d) If both the statements I & II together are sufficient to answer the question. Correct Answer – A Statement I alone: CP = ₹400, SP = ₹480 Profit = 480 − 400 = ₹80 Profit % = (80 / 400) × 100 = 20% ⇒ Sufficient Statement II alone: Profit = ₹80, but no info about CP ⇒ Cannot calculate percentage ⇒ Not sufficient Answer: (a) Statement I alone is sufficient Incorrect Answer – A Statement I alone: CP = ₹400, SP = ₹480 Profit = 480 − 400 = ₹80 Profit % = (80 / 400) × 100 = 20% ⇒ Sufficient Statement II alone: Profit = ₹80, but no info about CP ⇒ Cannot calculate percentage ⇒ Not sufficient Answer: (a) Statement I alone is sufficient

#### 1. Question

A question is given followed by two statements:

Question: What is the percentage profit made on the article? Statement I. The article was bought for ₹400 and sold at ₹480. Statement II. The profit made was ₹80.

Which of the following is correct with respect to above?

• (a) If statement I alone is sufficient to answer the question.

• (b) If statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question.

• (c) If both the statements I & II together are not sufficient to answer the question.

• (d) If both the statements I & II together are sufficient to answer the question.

Answer – A

Statement I alone:

• CP = ₹400, SP = ₹480

• Profit = 480 − 400 = ₹80

• Profit % = (80 / 400) × 100 = 20% ⇒ Sufficient

Statement II alone:

• Profit = ₹80, but no info about CP ⇒ Cannot calculate percentage ⇒ Not sufficient

Answer: (a) Statement I alone is sufficient

Answer – A

Statement I alone:

• CP = ₹400, SP = ₹480

• Profit = 480 − 400 = ₹80

• Profit % = (80 / 400) × 100 = 20% ⇒ Sufficient

Statement II alone:

• Profit = ₹80, but no info about CP ⇒ Cannot calculate percentage ⇒ Not sufficient

Answer: (a) Statement I alone is sufficient

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question The average temperature for the first four days of a week was 64°C. The average for the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th days was 66°C. If the ratio of the temperatures on the 1st and 5th days was 5:6, what was the temperature on the 1st day? (a) 40°C (b) 46°C (c) 55°C (d) 65°C Correct Answer: A Explanation: Let temps on 1st to 5th days be A, B, C, D, E. From the question: A + B + C + D = 64 × 4 = 256 B + C + D + E = 66 × 4 = 264 Subtract: → (B + C + D + E) − (A + B + C + D) → E − A = 8 Also, A : E = 5 : 6 ⇒ Let A = 5x, E = 6x So, E − A = x = 8 ⇒ x = 8 ⇒ A = 5x = 40 Incorrect Answer: A Explanation: Let temps on 1st to 5th days be A, B, C, D, E. From the question: A + B + C + D = 64 × 4 = 256 B + C + D + E = 66 × 4 = 264 Subtract: → (B + C + D + E) − (A + B + C + D) → E − A = 8 Also, A : E = 5 : 6 ⇒ Let A = 5x, E = 6x So, E − A = x = 8 ⇒ x = 8 ⇒ A = 5x = 40

#### 2. Question

The average temperature for the first four days of a week was 64°C. The average for the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th days was 66°C. If the ratio of the temperatures on the 1st and 5th days was 5:6, what was the temperature on the 1st day?

Explanation:

Let temps on 1st to 5th days be A, B, C, D, E.

From the question:

• A + B + C + D = 64 × 4 = 256

• B + C + D + E = 66 × 4 = 264

Subtract: → (B + C + D + E) − (A + B + C + D) → E − A = 8 Also, A : E = 5 : 6 ⇒ Let A = 5x, E = 6x So, E − A = x = 8 ⇒ x = 8 ⇒ A = 5x = 40

Explanation:

Let temps on 1st to 5th days be A, B, C, D, E.

From the question:

• A + B + C + D = 64 × 4 = 256

• B + C + D + E = 66 × 4 = 264

Subtract: → (B + C + D + E) − (A + B + C + D) → E − A = 8 Also, A : E = 5 : 6 ⇒ Let A = 5x, E = 6x So, E − A = x = 8 ⇒ x = 8 ⇒ A = 5x = 40

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Agenda 21, adopted at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, is a comprehensive plan of action to promote sustainable development globally, nationally, and locally. It recognizes that environmental protection, social equity, and economic growth are interconnected goals that require integrated strategies. Importantly, Agenda 21 emphasises the role of local governments, civil society, and indigenous communities in implementing sustainability measures. However, in many countries, implementation has remained uneven due to limited awareness, inadequate institutional coordination, and prioritisation of short-term economic gains over long-term ecological health. The success of Agenda 21 depends not only on national policy frameworks but also on active community participation and decentralised governance. Which one of the following statements best reflects the critical message conveyed by the author of the passage? (a) Global environmental treaties must be enforced strictly by national governments to achieve sustainable development. (b) Agenda 21 has failed because developing countries lack the financial capacity to implement its recommendations. (c) Sustainable development requires local-level engagement, institutional coordination, and long-term ecological vision. (d) The objectives of Agenda 21 are outdated and should be replaced with more market-oriented approaches. Correct Answer: c Explanation: Option (a) is incorrect: While national governments are important, the passage stresses local engagement and community participation over top-down enforcement. Option (b) is incorrect: Financial capacity is not the main point raised. The issues mentioned are awareness, coordination, and short-term priorities. Option (c) is correct: The passage clearly advocates for decentralised governance, active community participation, and integrated planning—core aspects of Agenda 21. Option (d) is incorrect: The author does not claim that Agenda 21 is outdated. On the contrary, it is presented as relevant but under-implemented. Incorrect Answer: c Explanation: Option (a) is incorrect: While national governments are important, the passage stresses local engagement and community participation over top-down enforcement. Option (b) is incorrect: Financial capacity is not the main point raised. The issues mentioned are awareness, coordination, and short-term priorities. Option (c) is correct: The passage clearly advocates for decentralised governance, active community participation, and integrated planning—core aspects of Agenda 21. Option (d) is incorrect: The author does not claim that Agenda 21 is outdated. On the contrary, it is presented as relevant but under-implemented.

#### 3. Question

Agenda 21, adopted at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, is a comprehensive plan of action to promote sustainable development globally, nationally, and locally. It recognizes that environmental protection, social equity, and economic growth are interconnected goals that require integrated strategies. Importantly, Agenda 21 emphasises the role of local governments, civil society, and indigenous communities in implementing sustainability measures. However, in many countries, implementation has remained uneven due to limited awareness, inadequate institutional coordination, and prioritisation of short-term economic gains over long-term ecological health. The success of Agenda 21 depends not only on national policy frameworks but also on active community participation and decentralised governance.

Which one of the following statements best reflects the critical message conveyed by the author of the passage?

• (a) Global environmental treaties must be enforced strictly by national governments to achieve sustainable development.

• (b) Agenda 21 has failed because developing countries lack the financial capacity to implement its recommendations.

• (c) Sustainable development requires local-level engagement, institutional coordination, and long-term ecological vision.

• (d) The objectives of Agenda 21 are outdated and should be replaced with more market-oriented approaches.

Answer: c

Explanation:

• Option (a) is incorrect: While national governments are important, the passage stresses local engagement and community participation over top-down enforcement.

• Option (b) is incorrect: Financial capacity is not the main point raised. The issues mentioned are awareness, coordination, and short-term priorities.

• Option (c) is correct: The passage clearly advocates for decentralised governance, active community participation, and integrated planning—core aspects of Agenda 21.

• Option (d) is incorrect: The author does not claim that Agenda 21 is outdated. On the contrary, it is presented as relevant but under-implemented.

Answer: c

Explanation:

• Option (a) is incorrect: While national governments are important, the passage stresses local engagement and community participation over top-down enforcement.

• Option (b) is incorrect: Financial capacity is not the main point raised. The issues mentioned are awareness, coordination, and short-term priorities.

• Option (c) is correct: The passage clearly advocates for decentralised governance, active community participation, and integrated planning—core aspects of Agenda 21.

• Option (d) is incorrect: The author does not claim that Agenda 21 is outdated. On the contrary, it is presented as relevant but under-implemented.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question With reference to the above passage, the following assumptions have been made: National-level sustainability policies alone are insufficient without community-based implementation. Ignoring long-term ecological concerns for short-term economic gain undermines sustainable development goals. Which of the above assumptions is/are valid? (a) I only (b) II only (c) Both I and II (d) Neither I nor II Correct Answer: C Explanation: Assumption I is valid: The passage explicitly states that success depends on decentralised governance and community participation, not just national policy frameworks. Assumption II is valid: The passage criticises the prioritisation of short-term economic gains over long-term ecological health, making this assumption logically valid. Hence, both assumptions follow from the passage. Incorrect Answer: C Explanation: Assumption I is valid: The passage explicitly states that success depends on decentralised governance and community participation, not just national policy frameworks. Assumption II is valid: The passage criticises the prioritisation of short-term economic gains over long-term ecological health, making this assumption logically valid. Hence, both assumptions follow from the passage.

#### 4. Question

With reference to the above passage, the following assumptions have been made:

• National-level sustainability policies alone are insufficient without community-based implementation.

• Ignoring long-term ecological concerns for short-term economic gain undermines sustainable development goals.

Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?

• (a) I only

• (b) II only

• (c) Both I and II

• (d) Neither I nor II

Answer: C

Explanation:

• Assumption I is valid: The passage explicitly states that success depends on decentralised governance and community participation, not just national policy frameworks.

• Assumption II is valid: The passage criticises the prioritisation of short-term economic gains over long-term ecological health, making this assumption logically valid.

Hence, both assumptions follow from the passage.

Answer: C

Explanation:

• Assumption I is valid: The passage explicitly states that success depends on decentralised governance and community participation, not just national policy frameworks.

• Assumption II is valid: The passage criticises the prioritisation of short-term economic gains over long-term ecological health, making this assumption logically valid.

Hence, both assumptions follow from the passage.

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question The honeybee does not collect nectar with the intention of making honey for human consumption. It stores nectar as a source of energy to sustain itself and the hive through periods when flowers are scarce. Over time, humans discovered how to extract this by-product for their own use. To assume that bees labor to provide sweetness for our tables is to misunderstand their purpose entirely. Much like the spider does not weave its web to showcase symmetry, the bee’s honey is not a gift, but an evolutionary necessity. Based on the above passage, the following assumptions have been made: Humans often misinterpret natural phenomena by attributing them to their own benefit. Bees intentionally produce honey to support ecological balance and biodiversity. Which of the above assumptions is/are valid? a) 1 only b) 2 only c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 Correct Answer: a Explanation: Assumption 1 is correct. The author criticizes the anthropocentric view that bees produce honey for human consumption. This implies that humans often misinterpret natural behavior as being oriented toward human use. Hence, this assumption logically follows from the passage. Assumption 2 is incorrect. The passage explicitly states that bees collect nectar and make honey for their own survival, not for any conscious attempt to support biodiversity or the ecosystem. Any ecological benefit is incidental, not intentional. Thus, this assumption adds an external inference not supported by the author’s reasoning. Therefore, the correct answer is (a) 1 only. Incorrect Answer: a Explanation: Assumption 1 is correct. The author criticizes the anthropocentric view that bees produce honey for human consumption. This implies that humans often misinterpret natural behavior as being oriented toward human use. Hence, this assumption logically follows from the passage. Assumption 2 is incorrect. The passage explicitly states that bees collect nectar and make honey for their own survival, not for any conscious attempt to support biodiversity or the ecosystem. Any ecological benefit is incidental, not intentional. Thus, this assumption adds an external inference not supported by the author’s reasoning. Therefore, the correct answer is (a) 1 only.

#### 5. Question

The honeybee does not collect nectar with the intention of making honey for human consumption. It stores nectar as a source of energy to sustain itself and the hive through periods when flowers are scarce. Over time, humans discovered how to extract this by-product for their own use. To assume that bees labor to provide sweetness for our tables is to misunderstand their purpose entirely. Much like the spider does not weave its web to showcase symmetry, the bee’s honey is not a gift, but an evolutionary necessity.

Based on the above passage, the following assumptions have been made:

• Humans often misinterpret natural phenomena by attributing them to their own benefit.

• Bees intentionally produce honey to support ecological balance and biodiversity.

Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?

• c) Both 1 and 2

• d) Neither 1 nor 2

Answer: a

Explanation:

• Assumption 1 is correct. The author criticizes the anthropocentric view that bees produce honey for human consumption. This implies that humans often misinterpret natural behavior as being oriented toward human use. Hence, this assumption logically follows from the passage.

• Assumption 2 is incorrect. The passage explicitly states that bees collect nectar and make honey for their own survival, not for any conscious attempt to support biodiversity or the ecosystem. Any ecological benefit is incidental, not intentional. Thus, this assumption adds an external inference not supported by the author’s reasoning.

Therefore, the correct answer is (a) 1 only.

Answer: a

Explanation:

• Assumption 1 is correct. The author criticizes the anthropocentric view that bees produce honey for human consumption. This implies that humans often misinterpret natural behavior as being oriented toward human use. Hence, this assumption logically follows from the passage.

• Assumption 2 is incorrect. The passage explicitly states that bees collect nectar and make honey for their own survival, not for any conscious attempt to support biodiversity or the ecosystem. Any ecological benefit is incidental, not intentional. Thus, this assumption adds an external inference not supported by the author’s reasoning.

Therefore, the correct answer is (a) 1 only.

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