UPSC Insta–DART (Daily Aptitude and Reasoning Test) 20 Aug 2025
Kartavya Desk Staff
Considering the alarming importance of CSAT in UPSC CSE Prelims exam and with enormous requests we received recently, InsightsIAS has started Daily CSAT Test to ensure students practice CSAT Questions on a daily basis. Regular Practice would help one overcome the fear of CSAT too.We are naming this initiative as Insta– DART – Daily Aptitude and Reasoning Test. We hope you will be able to use DART to hit bull’s eye in CSAT paper and comfortably score 100+ even in the most difficult question paper that UPSC can give you in CSP-2021. Your peace of mind after every step of this exam is very important for us.
Looking forward to your enthusiastic participation (both in sending us questions and solving them on daily basis on this portal).
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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question In any healthy democracy, voluntary associations—ranging from neighbourhood committees and cultural clubs to trade unions and advocacy groups—serve as vital organs of civic life. They allow citizens to express shared concerns, coordinate collective action, and hold governing institutions accountable. These associations foster trust, cultivate public spirit, and mediate between the individual and the impersonal machinery of the State. Without such mediating structures, individuals are often left isolated, and politics becomes a contest between unaccountable power and passive subjects. Hence, the vitality of a democracy can be measured not only by electoral participation but also by the strength and diversity of its civil society. Which one of the following statements best reflects the most logical and rational explanation of the above passage? (a) Democracy functions best when elections are supplemented by active civil participation through voluntary associations. (b) Voluntary associations weaken the authority of the government by fostering resistance. (c) Electoral politics is the only reliable indicator of democratic vitality. (d) The State should restrict the formation of interest-based groups to ensure equality. Correct Answer: A Explanation: Option (a) is correct: The passage clearly argues that democracy is sustained not by elections alone, but also by civil society and collective participation. This matches the central message. Option (b) is incorrect: The passage does not claim voluntary groups weaken authority. Rather, they hold power accountable and mediate between individual and State. Option (c) is incorrect: The passage explicitly argues against this narrow view by stating “democracy can be measured not only by electoral participation.” Option (d) is incorrect: The passage supports pluralism and diversity in associations, not restrictions based on interest alignment. Incorrect Answer: A Explanation: Option (a) is correct: The passage clearly argues that democracy is sustained not by elections alone, but also by civil society and collective participation. This matches the central message. Option (b) is incorrect: The passage does not claim voluntary groups weaken authority. Rather, they hold power accountable and mediate between individual and State. Option (c) is incorrect: The passage explicitly argues against this narrow view by stating “democracy can be measured not only by electoral participation.” Option (d) is incorrect: The passage supports pluralism and diversity in associations, not restrictions based on interest alignment.
#### 1. Question
In any healthy democracy, voluntary associations—ranging from neighbourhood committees and cultural clubs to trade unions and advocacy groups—serve as vital organs of civic life. They allow citizens to express shared concerns, coordinate collective action, and hold governing institutions accountable. These associations foster trust, cultivate public spirit, and mediate between the individual and the impersonal machinery of the State. Without such mediating structures, individuals are often left isolated, and politics becomes a contest between unaccountable power and passive subjects. Hence, the vitality of a democracy can be measured not only by electoral participation but also by the strength and diversity of its civil society.
Which one of the following statements best reflects the most logical and rational explanation of the above passage?
• (a) Democracy functions best when elections are supplemented by active civil participation through voluntary associations.
• (b) Voluntary associations weaken the authority of the government by fostering resistance.
• (c) Electoral politics is the only reliable indicator of democratic vitality.
• (d) The State should restrict the formation of interest-based groups to ensure equality.
Answer: A
Explanation:
• Option (a) is correct: The passage clearly argues that democracy is sustained not by elections alone, but also by civil society and collective participation. This matches the central message.
• Option (b) is incorrect: The passage does not claim voluntary groups weaken authority. Rather, they hold power accountable and mediate between individual and State.
• Option (c) is incorrect: The passage explicitly argues against this narrow view by stating “democracy can be measured not only by electoral participation.”
• Option (d) is incorrect: The passage supports pluralism and diversity in associations, not restrictions based on interest alignment.
Answer: A
Explanation:
• Option (a) is correct: The passage clearly argues that democracy is sustained not by elections alone, but also by civil society and collective participation. This matches the central message.
• Option (b) is incorrect: The passage does not claim voluntary groups weaken authority. Rather, they hold power accountable and mediate between individual and State.
• Option (c) is incorrect: The passage explicitly argues against this narrow view by stating “democracy can be measured not only by electoral participation.”
• Option (d) is incorrect: The passage supports pluralism and diversity in associations, not restrictions based on interest alignment.
• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Freedom is often misunderstood as the absence of constraints. Yet, true freedom lies not in doing whatever one wants, but in taking responsibility for one’s choices. A society that emphasizes rights without cultivating responsibility risks descending into disorder. In contrast, individuals who internalize responsibility experience freedom not as impulse but as self-mastery. It is only when people act with awareness of consequences and commitment to the common good that liberty becomes sustainable. Therefore, responsibility is not the opposite of freedom—it is its deepest expression. Which one of the following statements best reflects the crux of the passage? (a) Freedom is best preserved when individuals are left completely free to act as they please. (b) Responsibility is a burden that limits individual liberty. (c) True freedom is realised through responsible action and self-discipline. (d) Liberty and responsibility are fundamentally opposed concepts. Correct Answer: C Explanation: Option (a) is incorrect: The passage explicitly argues against the idea that “freedom is the absence of constraints.” Hence, this is a flawed interpretation. Option (b) is incorrect: Responsibility is described not as a burden but as a deep expression of freedom. Thus, this option misrepresents the tone and meaning. Option (c) is correct: This captures the passage’s central argument—that freedom without responsibility is superficial, and self-mastery and awareness are essential to sustaining liberty. Option (d) is incorrect: The passage says the opposite—that responsibility completes freedom, not contradicts it. Incorrect Answer: C Explanation: Option (a) is incorrect: The passage explicitly argues against the idea that “freedom is the absence of constraints.” Hence, this is a flawed interpretation. Option (b) is incorrect: Responsibility is described not as a burden but as a deep expression of freedom. Thus, this option misrepresents the tone and meaning. Option (c) is correct: This captures the passage’s central argument—that freedom without responsibility is superficial, and self-mastery and awareness are essential to sustaining liberty. Option (d) is incorrect: The passage says the opposite—that responsibility completes freedom, not contradicts it.
#### 2. Question
Freedom is often misunderstood as the absence of constraints. Yet, true freedom lies not in doing whatever one wants, but in taking responsibility for one’s choices. A society that emphasizes rights without cultivating responsibility risks descending into disorder. In contrast, individuals who internalize responsibility experience freedom not as impulse but as self-mastery. It is only when people act with awareness of consequences and commitment to the common good that liberty becomes sustainable. Therefore, responsibility is not the opposite of freedom—it is its deepest expression.
Which one of the following statements best reflects the crux of the passage?
• (a) Freedom is best preserved when individuals are left completely free to act as they please.
• (b) Responsibility is a burden that limits individual liberty.
• (c) True freedom is realised through responsible action and self-discipline.
• (d) Liberty and responsibility are fundamentally opposed concepts.
Answer: C
Explanation:
• Option (a) is incorrect: The passage explicitly argues against the idea that “freedom is the absence of constraints.” Hence, this is a flawed interpretation.
• Option (b) is incorrect: Responsibility is described not as a burden but as a deep expression of freedom. Thus, this option misrepresents the tone and meaning.
• Option (c) is correct: This captures the passage’s central argument—that freedom without responsibility is superficial, and self-mastery and awareness are essential to sustaining liberty.
• Option (d) is incorrect: The passage says the opposite—that responsibility completes freedom, not contradicts it.
Answer: C
Explanation:
• Option (a) is incorrect: The passage explicitly argues against the idea that “freedom is the absence of constraints.” Hence, this is a flawed interpretation.
• Option (b) is incorrect: Responsibility is described not as a burden but as a deep expression of freedom. Thus, this option misrepresents the tone and meaning.
• Option (c) is correct: This captures the passage’s central argument—that freedom without responsibility is superficial, and self-mastery and awareness are essential to sustaining liberty.
• Option (d) is incorrect: The passage says the opposite—that responsibility completes freedom, not contradicts it.
• Question 3 of 5 3. Question An express train travels at an average speed of 80 km/hr. Starting from its source station, it stops for 3 minutes after travelling every 45 km before reaching its destination. If the distance between source to destination is 720 km, then which of the following can be concluded? a) Without any stoppages, the train would take less than 6 hrs. to travel 720 kms. b) With stoppages the train takes 6 hrs. to travel 720 kms. c) There are 16 stoppages between source and destination. d) There are 15 stoppages between source and destination. Correct Answer: D Explanation: The average speed of train is 80 km/hr. and distance is 720 km. Train stops for 3 minutes after every 45 km. Let the time taken by train be t hours. According to the question, we have Time (t) = Distance (d)/ Speed (s) ⇒ t = 720/80 ⇒ t = 9 hr. Without stoppages, the train would take 9 hrs. to travel 720 kms. Thus, option (a) is incorrect. Number of stops in 720 km = (720/45) – 1 = 16 – 1 = 15 Hence, there are 15 stoppages between source and destination. Thus, option (d) is correct. Total time wasted in stoppages after every 45 km = 15 × 3 = 45 mins. ∴ Total time to cover 720 km = 9 hours + 45 minutes = 9 hrs. 45 mins. So, with stoppages the train takes 9 hrs. 45 mins. to travel 720 kms. Thus, option (b) is incorrect. Hence, option (d) is the correct answer. Incorrect Answer: D Explanation: The average speed of train is 80 km/hr. and distance is 720 km. Train stops for 3 minutes after every 45 km. Let the time taken by train be t hours. According to the question, we have Time (t) = Distance (d)/ Speed (s) ⇒ t = 720/80 ⇒ t = 9 hr. Without stoppages, the train would take 9 hrs. to travel 720 kms. Thus, option (a) is incorrect. Number of stops in 720 km = (720/45) – 1 = 16 – 1 = 15 Hence, there are 15 stoppages between source and destination. Thus, option (d) is correct. Total time wasted in stoppages after every 45 km = 15 × 3 = 45 mins. ∴ Total time to cover 720 km = 9 hours + 45 minutes = 9 hrs. 45 mins. So, with stoppages the train takes 9 hrs. 45 mins. to travel 720 kms. Thus, option (b) is incorrect. Hence, option (d) is the correct answer.
#### 3. Question
An express train travels at an average speed of 80 km/hr. Starting from its source station, it stops for 3 minutes after travelling every 45 km before reaching its destination. If the distance between source to destination is 720 km, then which of the following can be concluded?
• a) Without any stoppages, the train would take less than 6 hrs. to travel 720 kms.
• b) With stoppages the train takes 6 hrs. to travel 720 kms.
• c) There are 16 stoppages between source and destination.
• d) There are 15 stoppages between source and destination.
Explanation:
The average speed of train is 80 km/hr. and distance is 720 km.
Train stops for 3 minutes after every 45 km.
Let the time taken by train be t hours.
According to the question, we have Time (t) = Distance (d)/ Speed (s)
⇒ t = 720/80
⇒ t = 9 hr.
Without stoppages, the train would take 9 hrs. to travel 720 kms. Thus, option (a) is incorrect.
Number of stops in 720 km = (720/45) – 1 = 16 – 1 = 15
Hence, there are 15 stoppages between source and destination. Thus, option (d) is correct.
Total time wasted in stoppages after every 45 km = 15 × 3 = 45 mins.
∴ Total time to cover 720 km = 9 hours + 45 minutes = 9 hrs. 45 mins.
So, with stoppages the train takes 9 hrs. 45 mins. to travel 720 kms. Thus, option (b) is incorrect. Hence, option (d) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
The average speed of train is 80 km/hr. and distance is 720 km.
Train stops for 3 minutes after every 45 km.
Let the time taken by train be t hours.
According to the question, we have Time (t) = Distance (d)/ Speed (s)
⇒ t = 720/80
⇒ t = 9 hr.
Without stoppages, the train would take 9 hrs. to travel 720 kms. Thus, option (a) is incorrect.
Number of stops in 720 km = (720/45) – 1 = 16 – 1 = 15
Hence, there are 15 stoppages between source and destination. Thus, option (d) is correct.
Total time wasted in stoppages after every 45 km = 15 × 3 = 45 mins.
∴ Total time to cover 720 km = 9 hours + 45 minutes = 9 hrs. 45 mins.
So, with stoppages the train takes 9 hrs. 45 mins. to travel 720 kms. Thus, option (b) is incorrect. Hence, option (d) is the correct answer.
• Question 4 of 5 4. Question If 7 24 = 25 and 12 16 = 20, then what is 16 * 63 equal to? (a) 70 (b) 66 (c) 65 (d) 64 Correct Answer: C Explanation The given numbers are Pythagorean triplets, wherein: a2 + b2 = c2 So, (72 + 242) = 49 + 576 = 625 = 252 And, (122 + 162) = 144 + 256 = 400 = 202 Similarly, (162 + 632) = 256 + 3969 = 4225 = 652 Incorrect Answer: C Explanation The given numbers are Pythagorean triplets, wherein: a2 + b2 = c2 So, (72 + 242) = 49 + 576 = 625 = 252 And, (122 + 162) = 144 + 256 = 400 = 202 Similarly, (162 + 632) = 256 + 3969 = 4225 = 652
#### 4. Question
If 7 24 = 25 and 12 16 = 20, then what is 16 * 63 equal to?
Explanation
The given numbers are Pythagorean triplets, wherein:
a2 + b2 = c2
So, (72 + 242) = 49 + 576 = 625 = 252
And, (122 + 162) = 144 + 256 = 400 = 202
Similarly, (162 + 632) = 256 + 3969 = 4225 = 652
Explanation
The given numbers are Pythagorean triplets, wherein:
a2 + b2 = c2
So, (72 + 242) = 49 + 576 = 625 = 252
And, (122 + 162) = 144 + 256 = 400 = 202
Similarly, (162 + 632) = 256 + 3969 = 4225 = 652
• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Consider the following statements: I. If a number is divisible by both 6 and 15, then it must be divisible by 30. II. If a number is divisible by 30, then it must be divisible by both 6 and 15. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (a) 1 only b) 2 only c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 Correct Answer: C Solution: Statement I: Check whether divisibility by 6 and 15 implies divisibility by 30. LCM (6,15) = 30. So, any number divisible by both 6 and 15 will also be divisible by 30. Hence, Statement I is correct. Statement II: Check whether divisibility by 30 implies divisibility by both 6 and 15. 30 = 2 × 3 × 5 6 = 2 × 3 15 = 3 × 5 So, any number divisible by 30 will have all prime factors of 6 and 15. Hence, Statement II is also correct. Hence, correct answer is option c) Both 1 and 2 Incorrect Answer: C Solution: Statement I: Check whether divisibility by 6 and 15 implies divisibility by 30. LCM (6,15) = 30. So, any number divisible by both 6 and 15 will also be divisible by 30. Hence, Statement I is correct. Statement II: Check whether divisibility by 30 implies divisibility by both 6 and 15. 30 = 2 × 3 × 5 6 = 2 × 3 15 = 3 × 5 So, any number divisible by 30 will have all prime factors of 6 and 15. Hence, Statement II is also correct. Hence, correct answer is option c) Both 1 and 2
#### 5. Question
Consider the following statements: I. If a number is divisible by both 6 and 15, then it must be divisible by 30. II. If a number is divisible by 30, then it must be divisible by both 6 and 15.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
• (a) 1 only
• c) Both 1 and 2
• d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: C
Solution:
Statement I: Check whether divisibility by 6 and 15 implies divisibility by 30. LCM (6,15) = 30. So, any number divisible by both 6 and 15 will also be divisible by 30. Hence, Statement I is correct.
Statement II: Check whether divisibility by 30 implies divisibility by both 6 and 15. 30 = 2 × 3 × 5 6 = 2 × 3 15 = 3 × 5 So, any number divisible by 30 will have all prime factors of 6 and 15. Hence, Statement II is also correct.
Hence, correct answer is option c) Both 1 and 2
Answer: C
Solution:
Statement I: Check whether divisibility by 6 and 15 implies divisibility by 30. LCM (6,15) = 30. So, any number divisible by both 6 and 15 will also be divisible by 30. Hence, Statement I is correct.
Statement II: Check whether divisibility by 30 implies divisibility by both 6 and 15. 30 = 2 × 3 × 5 6 = 2 × 3 15 = 3 × 5 So, any number divisible by 30 will have all prime factors of 6 and 15. Hence, Statement II is also correct.
Hence, correct answer is option c) Both 1 and 2
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