UPSC Editorials Quiz : 9 November 2024

Introducing QUED – Questions from Editorials (UPSC Editorials Quiz) , an innovative initiative from InsightsIAS. Considering the significant number of questions in previous UPSC Prelims from editorials, practicing MCQs from this perspective can provide an extra edge. While we cover important editorials separately in our Editorial Section and SECURE Initiative, adding QUED (UPSC Editorials Quiz) to your daily MCQ practice alongside Static Quiz, Current Affairs Quiz, and InstaDART can be crucial for better performance. We recommend utilizing this initiative to enhance your preparation, with 5 MCQs posted daily at 11 am from Monday to Saturday on our website under the QUIZ menu.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Consider the following statements regarding the objectives of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). The CBD’s sole focus is on conserving endangered species. Sustainable use of biodiversity resources is not included in the CBD’s goals. The CBD excludes benefit-sharing from genetic resources as part of its framework. The CBD does not address biodiversity-related issues in national policies. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only two b) Only three c) All four d) None Correct Solution: d) The CBD has three main objectives: the conservation of biodiversity, sustainable use of its components, and the equitable sharing of benefits arising from genetic resources. Statement 1 is incorrect as the CBD’s goals are broad, addressing not only endangered species but also ecosystem conservation and genetic diversity. Statement 2 is incorrect because sustainable use of biodiversity resources is one of the primary goals of the CBD. Statement 3 is incorrect as benefit-sharing from genetic resources is a crucial component of the CBD. Statement 4 is also incorrect because the CBD encourages the integration of biodiversity conservation and sustainable use into national policy frameworks. Incorrect Solution: d) The CBD has three main objectives: the conservation of biodiversity, sustainable use of its components, and the equitable sharing of benefits arising from genetic resources. Statement 1 is incorrect as the CBD’s goals are broad, addressing not only endangered species but also ecosystem conservation and genetic diversity. Statement 2 is incorrect because sustainable use of biodiversity resources is one of the primary goals of the CBD. Statement 3 is incorrect as benefit-sharing from genetic resources is a crucial component of the CBD. Statement 4 is also incorrect because the CBD encourages the integration of biodiversity conservation and sustainable use into national policy frameworks.

#### 1. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the objectives of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).

• The CBD’s sole focus is on conserving endangered species.

• Sustainable use of biodiversity resources is not included in the CBD’s goals.

• The CBD excludes benefit-sharing from genetic resources as part of its framework.

• The CBD does not address biodiversity-related issues in national policies.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only two

• b) Only three

• c) All four

Solution: d)

The CBD has three main objectives: the conservation of biodiversity, sustainable use of its components, and the equitable sharing of benefits arising from genetic resources.

Statement 1 is incorrect as the CBD’s goals are broad, addressing not only endangered species but also ecosystem conservation and genetic diversity.

Statement 2 is incorrect because sustainable use of biodiversity resources is one of the primary goals of the CBD.

Statement 3 is incorrect as benefit-sharing from genetic resources is a crucial component of the CBD.

Statement 4 is also incorrect because the CBD encourages the integration of biodiversity conservation and sustainable use into national policy frameworks.

Solution: d)

The CBD has three main objectives: the conservation of biodiversity, sustainable use of its components, and the equitable sharing of benefits arising from genetic resources.

Statement 1 is incorrect as the CBD’s goals are broad, addressing not only endangered species but also ecosystem conservation and genetic diversity.

Statement 2 is incorrect because sustainable use of biodiversity resources is one of the primary goals of the CBD.

Statement 3 is incorrect as benefit-sharing from genetic resources is a crucial component of the CBD.

Statement 4 is also incorrect because the CBD encourages the integration of biodiversity conservation and sustainable use into national policy frameworks.

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following statements regarding judicial rulings on subcategorization of SCs and STs: The 2004 E V Chinnaiah judgment mandated that SC/ST categories be subdivided for equitable distribution of resources. Article 16(4) allows States to make provisions for reservation in promotion if SCs and STs are underrepresented in state services. In 2024, the Supreme Court upheld the decision in E V Chinnaiah to maintain SC/ST homogeneity. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: a) Statement 1 is incorrect because the E V Chinnaiah judgment (2004) emphasized that SC/ST categories should remain homogenous without subcategorization. Statement 2 is correct. States have the authority to provide reservation benefits to SCs and STs under Articles 15(4) and 16(4), and Articles 341(1) and 342(1). Article 15(4) empowers states to create special arrangements for socially and educationally backward classes like SCs and STs. Article 16(4) allows States to make provisions for reservation in promotion if SCs and STs are underrepresented in state services. Articles 341(1) and 342(1) permit the President, with consultation, to specify SCs and STs, including parts of these groups. Statement 3 is incorrect because the 2024 Supreme Court verdict overturned the E V Chinnaiah judgment, allowing states to create subcategories within SC/STs to ensure targeted benefits for the most marginalized groups within these communities. Incorrect Solution: a) Statement 1 is incorrect because the E V Chinnaiah judgment (2004) emphasized that SC/ST categories should remain homogenous without subcategorization. Statement 2 is correct. States have the authority to provide reservation benefits to SCs and STs under Articles 15(4) and 16(4), and Articles 341(1) and 342(1). Article 15(4) empowers states to create special arrangements for socially and educationally backward classes like SCs and STs. Article 16(4) allows States to make provisions for reservation in promotion if SCs and STs are underrepresented in state services. Articles 341(1) and 342(1) permit the President, with consultation, to specify SCs and STs, including parts of these groups. Statement 3 is incorrect because the 2024 Supreme Court verdict overturned the E V Chinnaiah judgment, allowing states to create subcategories within SC/STs to ensure targeted benefits for the most marginalized groups within these communities.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements regarding judicial rulings on subcategorization of SCs and STs:

• The 2004 E V Chinnaiah judgment mandated that SC/ST categories be subdivided for equitable distribution of resources.

• Article 16(4) allows States to make provisions for reservation in promotion if SCs and STs are underrepresented in state services.

• In 2024, the Supreme Court upheld the decision in E V Chinnaiah to maintain SC/ST homogeneity.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is incorrect because the E V Chinnaiah judgment (2004) emphasized that SC/ST categories should remain homogenous without subcategorization.

Statement 2 is correct.

States have the authority to provide reservation benefits to SCs and STs under Articles 15(4) and 16(4), and Articles 341(1) and 342(1).

• Article 15(4) empowers states to create special arrangements for socially and educationally backward classes like SCs and STs.

• Article 16(4) allows States to make provisions for reservation in promotion if SCs and STs are underrepresented in state services.

• Articles 341(1) and 342(1) permit the President, with consultation, to specify SCs and STs, including parts of these groups.

Statement 3 is incorrect because the 2024 Supreme Court verdict overturned the E V Chinnaiah judgment, allowing states to create subcategories within SC/STs to ensure targeted benefits for the most marginalized groups within these communities.

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is incorrect because the E V Chinnaiah judgment (2004) emphasized that SC/ST categories should remain homogenous without subcategorization.

Statement 2 is correct.

States have the authority to provide reservation benefits to SCs and STs under Articles 15(4) and 16(4), and Articles 341(1) and 342(1).

• Article 15(4) empowers states to create special arrangements for socially and educationally backward classes like SCs and STs.

• Article 16(4) allows States to make provisions for reservation in promotion if SCs and STs are underrepresented in state services.

• Articles 341(1) and 342(1) permit the President, with consultation, to specify SCs and STs, including parts of these groups.

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question What is a primary limitation of millimeter wave (mmWave) transceiver technology in wireless communication? a) It is highly susceptible to interference from other wireless systems. b) It has limited range and is easily blocked by physical obstructions. c) It can only transmit data at low speeds over long distances. d) It is incompatible with Internet of Things (IoT) devices due to its size. Correct Solution: b) The key limitation of mmWave transceiver technology is its limited range, and its signals can be easily blocked by physical objects such as buildings, trees, and even rain. Option (a) is incorrect as mmWave technology actually has low interference with other systems due to its high frequency range. Option (c) is incorrect because mmWave technology is designed for high-speed data transmission over short distances. Option (d) is incorrect because mmWave technology can be used with compact antennas, making it compatible with IoT devices. Incorrect Solution: b) The key limitation of mmWave transceiver technology is its limited range, and its signals can be easily blocked by physical objects such as buildings, trees, and even rain. Option (a) is incorrect as mmWave technology actually has low interference with other systems due to its high frequency range. Option (c) is incorrect because mmWave technology is designed for high-speed data transmission over short distances. Option (d) is incorrect because mmWave technology can be used with compact antennas, making it compatible with IoT devices.

#### 3. Question

What is a primary limitation of millimeter wave (mmWave) transceiver technology in wireless communication?

• a) It is highly susceptible to interference from other wireless systems.

• b) It has limited range and is easily blocked by physical obstructions.

• c) It can only transmit data at low speeds over long distances.

• d) It is incompatible with Internet of Things (IoT) devices due to its size.

Solution: b)

The key limitation of mmWave transceiver technology is its limited range, and its signals can be easily blocked by physical objects such as buildings, trees, and even rain.

Option (a) is incorrect as mmWave technology actually has low interference with other systems due to its high frequency range.

Option (c) is incorrect because mmWave technology is designed for high-speed data transmission over short distances.

Option (d) is incorrect because mmWave technology can be used with compact antennas, making it compatible with IoT devices.

Solution: b)

The key limitation of mmWave transceiver technology is its limited range, and its signals can be easily blocked by physical objects such as buildings, trees, and even rain.

Option (a) is incorrect as mmWave technology actually has low interference with other systems due to its high frequency range.

Option (c) is incorrect because mmWave technology is designed for high-speed data transmission over short distances.

Option (d) is incorrect because mmWave technology can be used with compact antennas, making it compatible with IoT devices.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Consider the following statements regarding Tuna and its economic importance: Tuna fish are found only in tropical waters and avoid temperate oceans due to temperature sensitivity. Tuna species are known for their high level of antioxidants and omega-3 fatty acids, making them a valuable source of nutrition. Tuna fish maintain a body temperature higher than the surrounding water, a rare trait among fish. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 1 is incorrect because tuna are found in both tropical and temperate oceans, not exclusively tropical waters. Tuna fish, especially species like Skipjack and Yellowfin, contribute significantly to the global economy, with trade valued at around $41 billion. Additionally, tuna is rich in omega-3 fatty acids, proteins, and antioxidants, which enhance its nutritional value. Tuna fish have a unique ability to maintain a higher body temperature than the surrounding water, which supports their active lifestyle, and the Thunnus genus is adapted for speed, enabling long migrations. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 1 is incorrect because tuna are found in both tropical and temperate oceans, not exclusively tropical waters. Tuna fish, especially species like Skipjack and Yellowfin, contribute significantly to the global economy, with trade valued at around $41 billion. Additionally, tuna is rich in omega-3 fatty acids, proteins, and antioxidants, which enhance its nutritional value. Tuna fish have a unique ability to maintain a higher body temperature than the surrounding water, which supports their active lifestyle, and the Thunnus genus is adapted for speed, enabling long migrations.

#### 4. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Tuna and its economic importance:

• Tuna fish are found only in tropical waters and avoid temperate oceans due to temperature sensitivity.

• Tuna species are known for their high level of antioxidants and omega-3 fatty acids, making them a valuable source of nutrition.

• Tuna fish maintain a body temperature higher than the surrounding water, a rare trait among fish.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is incorrect because tuna are found in both tropical and temperate oceans, not exclusively tropical waters.

Tuna fish, especially species like Skipjack and Yellowfin, contribute significantly to the global economy, with trade valued at around $41 billion. Additionally, tuna is rich in omega-3 fatty acids, proteins, and antioxidants, which enhance its nutritional value.

Tuna fish have a unique ability to maintain a higher body temperature than the surrounding water, which supports their active lifestyle, and the Thunnus genus is adapted for speed, enabling long migrations.

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is incorrect because tuna are found in both tropical and temperate oceans, not exclusively tropical waters.

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Consider the following statements about the Cartagena and Nagoya Protocols under the CBD: The Cartagena Protocol solely addresses climate change adaptation in biodiversity conservation. The Nagoya Protocol emphasizes marine biodiversity conservation exclusively. Both protocols are independent of the CBD and do not require CBD membership for participation. Which of the above statements are correct? a) 1 only b) 1 and 2 only c) 2 and 3 only d) None of the above Correct Solution: d) The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety focuses on regulating the transboundary movement of living modified organisms (LMOs) to protect biodiversity, not climate change adaptation, making statement 1 incorrect. The Nagoya Protocol addresses access to genetic resources and fair benefit-sharing rather than marine biodiversity conservation exclusively, making statement 2 incorrect. Finally, both the Cartagena and Nagoya Protocols are supplementary agreements under the CBD, and membership in the CBD is generally required to participate in these protocols, making statement 3 incorrect. These protocols are vital components of the CBD, focusing on biosafety and benefit-sharing, respectively, enhancing the convention’s scope in biodiversity management. Incorrect Solution: d) The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety focuses on regulating the transboundary movement of living modified organisms (LMOs) to protect biodiversity, not climate change adaptation, making statement 1 incorrect. The Nagoya Protocol addresses access to genetic resources and fair benefit-sharing rather than marine biodiversity conservation exclusively, making statement 2 incorrect. Finally, both the Cartagena and Nagoya Protocols are supplementary agreements under the CBD, and membership in the CBD is generally required to participate in these protocols, making statement 3 incorrect. These protocols are vital components of the CBD, focusing on biosafety and benefit-sharing, respectively, enhancing the convention’s scope in biodiversity management.

#### 5. Question

Consider the following statements about the Cartagena and Nagoya Protocols under the CBD:

• The Cartagena Protocol solely addresses climate change adaptation in biodiversity conservation.

• The Nagoya Protocol emphasizes marine biodiversity conservation exclusively.

• Both protocols are independent of the CBD and do not require CBD membership for participation.

Which of the above statements are correct?

• b) 1 and 2 only

• c) 2 and 3 only

• d) None of the above

Solution: d)

The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety focuses on regulating the transboundary movement of living modified organisms (LMOs) to protect biodiversity, not climate change adaptation, making statement 1 incorrect.

The Nagoya Protocol addresses access to genetic resources and fair benefit-sharing rather than marine biodiversity conservation exclusively, making statement 2 incorrect.

Finally, both the Cartagena and Nagoya Protocols are supplementary agreements under the CBD, and membership in the CBD is generally required to participate in these protocols, making statement 3 incorrect.

These protocols are vital components of the CBD, focusing on biosafety and benefit-sharing, respectively, enhancing the convention’s scope in biodiversity management.

Solution: d)

The Nagoya Protocol addresses access to genetic resources and fair benefit-sharing rather than marine biodiversity conservation exclusively, making statement 2 incorrect.

These protocols are vital components of the CBD, focusing on biosafety and benefit-sharing, respectively, enhancing the convention’s scope in biodiversity management.

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