UPSC Editorials Quiz : 9 April 2024

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Introducing QUED – Questions from Editorials, an innovative initiative from InsightsIAS. Considering the significant number of questions in previous UPSC Prelims from editorials, practicing MCQs from this perspective can provide an extra edge. While we cover important editorials separately in our Editorial Section and SECURE Initiative, adding QUED to your daily MCQ practice alongside Static Quiz, Current Affairs Quiz, and InstaDART can be crucial for better performance. We recommend utilizing this initiative to enhance your preparation, with 5 MCQs posted daily at 11 am from Monday to Saturday on our website under the QUIZ menu. Best of luck! 🙂

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Consider the following statements regarding Anthropocene Working Group of the Sub-commission of Quaternary Stratigraphy (SQS-AWG). The SQS-AWG is a commission responsible for recognising time units within our most recent period of geologic time. The Commission has made the Anthropocene Epoch official. Anthropocene Epoch is described as a period of time characterised by humankind’s large-scale effects on the earth, including climate change and pollution. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 2 is incorrect. The earth’s geological history is divided into multiple epochs depending on their natural character. We are officially currently in the Holocene Epoch, which started around 11,700 years ago. But many scientists believe the Holocene Epoch has ended and the Anthropocene Epoch has started – a period of time characterised by humankind’s large-scale effects on the earth, including climate change and pollution. The proposal – to make the Anthropocene Epoch official – came from the Anthropocene Working Group of the Sub-commission of Quaternary Stratigraphy (SQS-AWG). In the proposal, the group has said the start date of the Epoch can be linked to the formation of a particular layer of the ground. As the earth’s surface evolves, new layers of rock, soil, and other materials are deposited on old ones. Each layer, or stratum, is thus a marker of a previous era. The SQS-AWG is a commission responsible for recognising time units within our most recent period of geologic time. Its members have been looking into the question of formalising the Anthropocene Epoch as the youngest epoch, superposing the Holocene. On March 4, 2024, the commission, which consists of topical experts, rejected the proposal with a majority voting against it. They believed that adding a new Anthropocene Epoch and ending the Holocene Epoch was not supported by the scientific standards geologists follow to define geological time intervals. Source Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 2 is incorrect. The earth’s geological history is divided into multiple epochs depending on their natural character. We are officially currently in the Holocene Epoch, which started around 11,700 years ago. But many scientists believe the Holocene Epoch has ended and the Anthropocene Epoch has started – a period of time characterised by humankind’s large-scale effects on the earth, including climate change and pollution. The proposal – to make the Anthropocene Epoch official – came from the Anthropocene Working Group of the Sub-commission of Quaternary Stratigraphy (SQS-AWG). In the proposal, the group has said the start date of the Epoch can be linked to the formation of a particular layer of the ground. As the earth’s surface evolves, new layers of rock, soil, and other materials are deposited on old ones. Each layer, or stratum, is thus a marker of a previous era. The SQS-AWG is a commission responsible for recognising time units within our most recent period of geologic time. Its members have been looking into the question of formalising the Anthropocene Epoch as the youngest epoch, superposing the Holocene. On March 4, 2024, the commission, which consists of topical experts, rejected the proposal with a majority voting against it. They believed that adding a new Anthropocene Epoch and ending the Holocene Epoch was not supported by the scientific standards geologists follow to define geological time intervals. Source

#### 1. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Anthropocene Working Group of the Sub-commission of Quaternary Stratigraphy (SQS-AWG).

• The SQS-AWG is a commission responsible for recognising time units within our most recent period of geologic time.

• The Commission has made the Anthropocene Epoch official.

• Anthropocene Epoch is described as a period of time characterised by humankind’s large-scale effects on the earth, including climate change and pollution.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 2 is incorrect.

The earth’s geological history is divided into multiple epochs depending on their natural character. We are officially currently in the Holocene Epoch, which started around 11,700 years ago. But many scientists believe the Holocene Epoch has ended and the Anthropocene Epoch has started – a period of time characterised by humankind’s large-scale effects on the earth, including climate change and pollution.

The proposal – to make the Anthropocene Epoch official – came from the Anthropocene Working Group of the Sub-commission of Quaternary Stratigraphy (SQS-AWG). In the proposal, the group has said the start date of the Epoch can be linked to the formation of a particular layer of the ground. As the earth’s surface evolves, new layers of rock, soil, and other materials are deposited on old ones. Each layer, or stratum, is thus a marker of a previous era.

The SQS-AWG is a commission responsible for recognising time units within our most recent period of geologic time. Its members have been looking into the question of formalising the Anthropocene Epoch as the youngest epoch, superposing the Holocene. On March 4, 2024, the commission, which consists of topical experts, rejected the proposal with a majority voting against it. They believed that adding a new Anthropocene Epoch and ending the Holocene Epoch was not supported by the scientific standards geologists follow to define geological time intervals.

Solution: b)

Statement 2 is incorrect.

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following statements regarding Lab Grown Diamonds. Lab grown diamonds are produced by a manufacturing process that mimics the natural conditions of diamond formation. They consist of actual carbon atoms arranged in the natural diamond crystal structure. They exhibit different optical and chemical properties when compared to natural diamonds. How many of the above statements are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 3 is incorrect. Lab grown diamonds (also known as lab created diamonds, man made diamonds, engineered diamonds, and cultured diamonds) are grown in highly controlled laboratory environments using advanced technological processes that duplicate the conditions under which diamonds naturally develop when they form in the mantle, beneath the Earth’s crust. These lab created diamonds consist of actual carbon atoms arranged in the characteristic diamond crystal structure. Since they are made of the same material as natural diamonds, they exhibit the same optical and chemical properties. It is important to note the major distinction between lab grown diamonds and diamond simulants. Diamond simulants look similar to diamonds but are not true carbon crystals. Simulants do not have the same chemical and physical properties as natural diamonds and therefore sell at much lower prices than lab created diamonds. Simulants can be distinguished from natural or lab created diamonds using only the naked eye. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 3 is incorrect. Lab grown diamonds (also known as lab created diamonds, man made diamonds, engineered diamonds, and cultured diamonds) are grown in highly controlled laboratory environments using advanced technological processes that duplicate the conditions under which diamonds naturally develop when they form in the mantle, beneath the Earth’s crust. These lab created diamonds consist of actual carbon atoms arranged in the characteristic diamond crystal structure. Since they are made of the same material as natural diamonds, they exhibit the same optical and chemical properties. It is important to note the major distinction between lab grown diamonds and diamond simulants. Diamond simulants look similar to diamonds but are not true carbon crystals. Simulants do not have the same chemical and physical properties as natural diamonds and therefore sell at much lower prices than lab created diamonds. Simulants can be distinguished from natural or lab created diamonds using only the naked eye.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Lab Grown Diamonds.

• Lab grown diamonds are produced by a manufacturing process that mimics the natural conditions of diamond formation.

• They consist of actual carbon atoms arranged in the natural diamond crystal structure.

• They exhibit different optical and chemical properties when compared to natural diamonds.

How many of the above statements are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 3 is incorrect.

Lab grown diamonds (also known as lab created diamonds, man made diamonds, engineered diamonds, and cultured diamonds) are grown in highly controlled laboratory environments using advanced technological processes that duplicate the conditions under which diamonds naturally develop when they form in the mantle, beneath the Earth’s crust. These lab created diamonds consist of actual carbon atoms arranged in the characteristic diamond crystal structure. Since they are made of the same material as natural diamonds, they exhibit the same optical and chemical properties.

It is important to note the major distinction between lab grown diamonds and diamond simulants. Diamond simulants look similar to diamonds but are not true carbon crystals. Simulants do not have the same chemical and physical properties as natural diamonds and therefore sell at much lower prices than lab created diamonds. Simulants can be distinguished from natural or lab created diamonds using only the naked eye.

Solution: b)

Statement 3 is incorrect.

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Consider the following statements regarding Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA). Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) is an intergovernmental organization that resolve disputes that arise out of international agreements between member states, international organizations or private parties. Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) is an official United Nations Observer. Human Rights Issues are the exclusive domain of United Nations Commissionon Human Rights, therefore PCA does not involve in Human Rights issues. How many of the above statements is/are incorrect? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: a) Statement 3 is incorrect. The Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) is an intergovernmental organization located in The Hague, Netherlands. It is not a court in the traditional sense, but provides services of arbitral tribunal to resolve disputes that arise out of international agreements between member states, international organizations or private parties. The cases span a range of legal issues involving territorial and maritime boundaries, sovereignty, human rights, international investment, and international and regional trade. The organization is not a United Nations agency, but the PCA is an official United Nations Observer. Incorrect Solution: a) Statement 3 is incorrect. The Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) is an intergovernmental organization located in The Hague, Netherlands. It is not a court in the traditional sense, but provides services of arbitral tribunal to resolve disputes that arise out of international agreements between member states, international organizations or private parties. The cases span a range of legal issues involving territorial and maritime boundaries, sovereignty, human rights, international investment, and international and regional trade. The organization is not a United Nations agency, but the PCA is an official United Nations Observer.

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA).

• Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) is an intergovernmental organization that resolve disputes that arise out of international agreements between member states, international organizations or private parties.

• Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) is an official United Nations Observer.

• Human Rights Issues are the exclusive domain of United Nations Commissionon Human Rights, therefore PCA does not involve in Human Rights issues.

How many of the above statements is/are incorrect?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: a)

Statement 3 is incorrect.

The Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) is an intergovernmental organization located in The Hague, Netherlands. It is not a court in the traditional sense, but provides services of arbitral tribunal to resolve disputes that arise out of international agreements between member states, international organizations or private parties.

The cases span a range of legal issues involving territorial and maritime boundaries, sovereignty, human rights, international investment, and international and regional trade.

The organization is not a United Nations agency, but the PCA is an official United Nations Observer.

Solution: a)

Statement 3 is incorrect.

The cases span a range of legal issues involving territorial and maritime boundaries, sovereignty, human rights, international investment, and international and regional trade.

The organization is not a United Nations agency, but the PCA is an official United Nations Observer.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Consider the following statements regarding ECOWAS (Economic Community of West African States). ECOWAS is a regional group that was established through the Lagos Treaty. It aims to have a single common currency and create a single, large trading bloc in areas of industry, transport and telecommunications. It intends to be governed in accordance with the principles of democracy, rule of law and good governance. How many of the above statements are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: c) What is ECOWAS? Also known as CEDEAO in French, the regional group was established in 1975 through the Lagos Treaty – with a mandate of promoting economic integration among its members. ECOWAS’ larger aims are to have a single common currency and create a single, large trading bloc in areas of industry, transport, telecommunications, energy, financial issues, and social and cultural matters. According to its website, the vision of ECOWAS is the creation of a “borderless region” that is well-integrated. “ECOWAS is meant to be a region governed in accordance with the principles of democracy, rule of law and good governance,” it states. Incorrect Solution: c) What is ECOWAS? Also known as CEDEAO in French, the regional group was established in 1975 through the Lagos Treaty – with a mandate of promoting economic integration among its members. ECOWAS’ larger aims are to have a single common currency and create a single, large trading bloc in areas of industry, transport, telecommunications, energy, financial issues, and social and cultural matters. According to its website, the vision of ECOWAS is the creation of a “borderless region” that is well-integrated. “ECOWAS is meant to be a region governed in accordance with the principles of democracy, rule of law and good governance,” it states.

#### 4. Question

Consider the following statements regarding ECOWAS (Economic Community of West African States).

• ECOWAS is a regional group that was established through the Lagos Treaty.

• It aims to have a single common currency and create a single, large trading bloc in areas of industry, transport and telecommunications.

• It intends to be governed in accordance with the principles of democracy, rule of law and good governance.

How many of the above statements are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: c)

What is ECOWAS?

Also known as CEDEAO in French, the regional group was established in 1975 through the Lagos Treaty – with a mandate of promoting economic integration among its members.

ECOWAS’ larger aims are to have a single common currency and create a single, large trading bloc in areas of industry, transport, telecommunications, energy, financial issues, and social and cultural matters. According to its website, the vision of ECOWAS is the creation of a “borderless region” that is well-integrated. “ECOWAS is meant to be a region governed in accordance with the principles of democracy, rule of law and good governance,” it states.

Solution: c)

What is ECOWAS?

Also known as CEDEAO in French, the regional group was established in 1975 through the Lagos Treaty – with a mandate of promoting economic integration among its members.

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Consider the following statements regarding Indian Penal Code (IPC). The code was drafted on the recommendations of first law commission of India established in 1834 under the Charter Act of 1793. It was automatically applied to all the Princely states. Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) was enacted before IPC was enacted. How many of the above statements are incorrect? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: c) The IPC was first enacted in 1860, the CrPC in 1882 and the Evidence Act in 1872. The Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) was drafted on the recommendations of first law commission of India established in 1834 under the Charter Act of 1833 under the chairmanship of Thomas Babington Macaulay. It came into force in India during the British rule in 1862. However, it did not apply automatically in the Princely states, which had their own courts and legal systems until the 1940s. The code has since been amended several times and is now supplemented by other criminal provisions. Incorrect Solution: c) The IPC was first enacted in 1860, the CrPC in 1882 and the Evidence Act in 1872. The Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) was drafted on the recommendations of first law commission of India established in 1834 under the Charter Act of 1833 under the chairmanship of Thomas Babington Macaulay. It came into force in India during the British rule in 1862. However, it did not apply automatically in the Princely states, which had their own courts and legal systems until the 1940s. The code has since been amended several times and is now supplemented by other criminal provisions.

#### 5. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Indian Penal Code (IPC).

• The code was drafted on the recommendations of first law commission of India established in 1834 under the Charter Act of 1793.

• It was automatically applied to all the Princely states.

• Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) was enacted before IPC was enacted.

How many of the above statements are incorrect?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: c)

The IPC was first enacted in 1860, the CrPC in 1882 and the Evidence Act in 1872.

The Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) was drafted on the recommendations of first law commission of India established in 1834 under the Charter Act of 1833 under the chairmanship of Thomas Babington Macaulay. It came into force in India during the British rule in 1862. However, it did not apply automatically in the Princely states, which had their own courts and legal systems until the 1940s. The code has since been amended several times and is now supplemented by other criminal provisions.

Solution: c)

The IPC was first enacted in 1860, the CrPC in 1882 and the Evidence Act in 1872.

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