UPSC Editorials Quiz : 8 December 2025

Introducing QUED – Questions from Editorials (UPSC Editorials Quiz) , an innovative initiative from InsightsIAS. Considering the significant number of questions in previous UPSC Prelims from editorials, practicing MCQs from this perspective can provide an extra edge. While we cover important editorials separately in our Editorial Section and SECURE Initiative, adding QUED (UPSC Editorials Quiz) to your daily MCQ practice alongside Static Quiz, Current Affairs Quiz, and InstaDART can be crucial for better performance. We recommend utilizing this initiative to enhance your preparation, with 5 MCQs posted daily at 11 am from Monday to Saturday on our website under the QUIZ menu.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Which of the following is an example of an expansionary fiscal policy measure? a) Increasing interest rates b) Reducing government spending on infrastructure c) Introducing subsidies for renewable energy d) Increasing income tax rates Correct Solution: C Subsidies for renewable energy represent an example of expansionary fiscal policy because they aim to boost economic activity by increasing sectoral demand. Expansionary fiscal policies are designed to stimulate economic growth, especially during periods of slow economic activity or recession. By reducing the cost of renewable energy projects through subsidies, the government encourages investment in this sector, leading to job creation, increased production, and a multiplier effect across the economy. In contrast, other options like increasing income tax rates or reducing government spending on infrastructure are contractionary measures as they lower disposable income and decrease public expenditure, thereby dampening demand. Increasing interest rates is a tool of monetary policy, not fiscal policy, and it is used to control inflation rather than stimulate demand. Incorrect Solution: C Subsidies for renewable energy represent an example of expansionary fiscal policy because they aim to boost economic activity by increasing sectoral demand. Expansionary fiscal policies are designed to stimulate economic growth, especially during periods of slow economic activity or recession. By reducing the cost of renewable energy projects through subsidies, the government encourages investment in this sector, leading to job creation, increased production, and a multiplier effect across the economy. In contrast, other options like increasing income tax rates or reducing government spending on infrastructure are contractionary measures as they lower disposable income and decrease public expenditure, thereby dampening demand. Increasing interest rates is a tool of monetary policy, not fiscal policy, and it is used to control inflation rather than stimulate demand.

#### 1. Question

Which of the following is an example of an expansionary fiscal policy measure?

• a) Increasing interest rates

• b) Reducing government spending on infrastructure

• c) Introducing subsidies for renewable energy

• d) Increasing income tax rates

Solution: C

Subsidies for renewable energy represent an example of expansionary fiscal policy because they aim to boost economic activity by increasing sectoral demand. Expansionary fiscal policies are designed to stimulate economic growth, especially during periods of slow economic activity or recession. By reducing the cost of renewable energy projects through subsidies, the government encourages investment in this sector, leading to job creation, increased production, and a multiplier effect across the economy.

In contrast, other options like increasing income tax rates or reducing government spending on infrastructure are contractionary measures as they lower disposable income and decrease public expenditure, thereby dampening demand. Increasing interest rates is a tool of monetary policy, not fiscal policy, and it is used to control inflation rather than stimulate demand.

Solution: C

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following statements about the Brahmaputra River system: It originates from the Manasarovar Lake in Tibet. The river enters Arunachal Pradesh through the Mariam La Pass. The river forms the Sunderbans delta along with the Ganga in Bangladesh. How many of the above statements is/are incorrect? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: B Statement 1 is incorrect because the Brahmaputra originates from the Chemayungdung Glacier near Mount Kailash, not directly from Manasarovar Lake. Statement 2 is incorrect because the Mariam La Pass separates the Brahmaputra’s source from Manasarovar Lake; it does not mark its entry into Arunachal Pradesh. Statement 3 is correct as the Brahmaputra, called Jamuna in Bangladesh, merges with the Ganga to form the Sunderbans delta. Incorrect Solution: B Statement 1 is incorrect because the Brahmaputra originates from the Chemayungdung Glacier near Mount Kailash, not directly from Manasarovar Lake. Statement 2 is incorrect because the Mariam La Pass separates the Brahmaputra’s source from Manasarovar Lake; it does not mark its entry into Arunachal Pradesh. Statement 3 is correct as the Brahmaputra, called Jamuna in Bangladesh, merges with the Ganga to form the Sunderbans delta.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements about the Brahmaputra River system:

• It originates from the Manasarovar Lake in Tibet.

• The river enters Arunachal Pradesh through the Mariam La Pass.

• The river forms the Sunderbans delta along with the Ganga in Bangladesh.

How many of the above statements is/are incorrect?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: B

Statement 1 is incorrect because the Brahmaputra originates from the Chemayungdung Glacier near Mount Kailash, not directly from Manasarovar Lake. Statement 2 is incorrect because the Mariam La Pass separates the Brahmaputra’s source from Manasarovar Lake; it does not mark its entry into Arunachal Pradesh. Statement 3 is correct as the Brahmaputra, called Jamuna in Bangladesh, merges with the Ganga to form the Sunderbans delta.

Solution: B

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Consider the following statements about the Belagavi Congress Session, 1924: It marked the first introduction of the Purna Swaraj resolution. Gandhi restructured the Congress by significantly reducing the membership fee. The session emphasized grassroots empowerment through hand-spun khadi promotion. Which of the above statements are correct? (a) 3 only (b) 1 and 3 only (c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 Correct Solution: C Statement 1 is incorrect because the Purna Swaraj resolution was introduced later in 1929. Statement 2 is correct as Gandhi reduced the Congress membership fee by 90%, making it more accessible. Statement 3 is correct as the session prioritized self-reliance through khadi promotion and rural revitalization. About Belagavi Congress Session, 1924: Year and Presidentship:Held in December 1924; chaired by Mahatma Gandhi, marking the only Congress session he presided over. Blend of Political and Social Reform:Unlike other sessions, it focused equally on social issues like untouchability eradication, khadi promotion, sanitation, and Hindu-Muslim unity, alongside political goals like Swaraj. Institutional Transformation:Gandhi restructured the Congress into a mass movement by reducing the membership fee by 90%, making it accessible to all social classes. Focus on Grassroots Empowerment:The session mandated contributions to hand-spun khadi, promoting self-reliance and village industries, and marked a shift from urban-centric strategies to rural revitalization. Cultural and Ethical Impact: Advocated equality, with Brahmin volunteers engaging in sanitation work. Iconic cultural performances by Vishnu Digambar Paluskar and Gangubai Hangal. Gandhi’s famous declaration, “If I am to be born again, may I be born a Bhangi,”emphasized social justice and upliftment. Infrastructure Legacy:The construction of Pampa Sarovara, a well for the session, continues to serve Belagavi, symbolizing sustainable contributions from the event. Visionary Resolutions:Unique resolutions on urban planning and cow protection linked economic development with cultural preservation, showcasing Gandhi’s holistic approach. Incorrect Solution: C Statement 1 is incorrect because the Purna Swaraj resolution was introduced later in 1929. Statement 2 is correct as Gandhi reduced the Congress membership fee by 90%, making it more accessible. Statement 3 is correct as the session prioritized self-reliance through khadi promotion and rural revitalization. About Belagavi Congress Session, 1924: Year and Presidentship:Held in December 1924; chaired by Mahatma Gandhi, marking the only Congress session he presided over. Blend of Political and Social Reform:Unlike other sessions, it focused equally on social issues like untouchability eradication, khadi promotion, sanitation, and Hindu-Muslim unity, alongside political goals like Swaraj. Institutional Transformation:Gandhi restructured the Congress into a mass movement by reducing the membership fee by 90%, making it accessible to all social classes. Focus on Grassroots Empowerment:The session mandated contributions to hand-spun khadi, promoting self-reliance and village industries, and marked a shift from urban-centric strategies to rural revitalization. Cultural and Ethical Impact: Advocated equality, with Brahmin volunteers engaging in sanitation work. Iconic cultural performances by Vishnu Digambar Paluskar and Gangubai Hangal. Gandhi’s famous declaration, “If I am to be born again, may I be born a Bhangi,”emphasized social justice and upliftment. Infrastructure Legacy:The construction of Pampa Sarovara, a well for the session, continues to serve Belagavi, symbolizing sustainable contributions from the event. Visionary Resolutions:Unique resolutions on urban planning and cow protection linked economic development with cultural preservation, showcasing Gandhi’s holistic approach.

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements about the Belagavi Congress Session, 1924:

• It marked the first introduction of the Purna Swaraj resolution.

• Gandhi restructured the Congress by significantly reducing the membership fee.

• The session emphasized grassroots empowerment through hand-spun khadi promotion.

Which of the above statements are correct?

• (a) 3 only

• (b) 1 and 3 only

• (c) 2 and 3 only

• (d) 1, 2 and 3

Solution: C

Statement 1 is incorrect because the Purna Swaraj resolution was introduced later in 1929. Statement 2 is correct as Gandhi reduced the Congress membership fee by 90%, making it more accessible. Statement 3 is correct as the session prioritized self-reliance through khadi promotion and rural revitalization.

About Belagavi Congress Session, 1924:

• Year and Presidentship:Held in December 1924; chaired by Mahatma Gandhi, marking the only Congress session he presided over.

• Blend of Political and Social Reform:Unlike other sessions, it focused equally on social issues like untouchability eradication, khadi promotion, sanitation, and Hindu-Muslim unity, alongside political goals like Swaraj.

• Institutional Transformation:Gandhi restructured the Congress into a mass movement by reducing the membership fee by 90%, making it accessible to all social classes.

• Focus on Grassroots Empowerment:The session mandated contributions to hand-spun khadi, promoting self-reliance and village industries, and marked a shift from urban-centric strategies to rural revitalization.

Cultural and Ethical Impact:

• Advocated equality, with Brahmin volunteers engaging in sanitation work.

• Iconic cultural performances by Vishnu Digambar Paluskar and Gangubai Hangal.

• Gandhi’s famous declaration, “If I am to be born again, may I be born a Bhangi,”emphasized social justice and upliftment.

• Infrastructure Legacy:The construction of Pampa Sarovara, a well for the session, continues to serve Belagavi, symbolizing sustainable contributions from the event.

• Visionary Resolutions:Unique resolutions on urban planning and cow protection linked economic development with cultural preservation, showcasing Gandhi’s holistic approach.

Solution: C

About Belagavi Congress Session, 1924:

• Year and Presidentship:Held in December 1924; chaired by Mahatma Gandhi, marking the only Congress session he presided over.

• Institutional Transformation:Gandhi restructured the Congress into a mass movement by reducing the membership fee by 90%, making it accessible to all social classes.

Cultural and Ethical Impact:

• Advocated equality, with Brahmin volunteers engaging in sanitation work.

• Iconic cultural performances by Vishnu Digambar Paluskar and Gangubai Hangal.

• Gandhi’s famous declaration, “If I am to be born again, may I be born a Bhangi,”emphasized social justice and upliftment.

• Infrastructure Legacy:The construction of Pampa Sarovara, a well for the session, continues to serve Belagavi, symbolizing sustainable contributions from the event.

• Visionary Resolutions:Unique resolutions on urban planning and cow protection linked economic development with cultural preservation, showcasing Gandhi’s holistic approach.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Consider the following statements about monetary policy: Quantitative Easing (QE) is a contractionary monetary policy tool. Open Market Operations (OMO) involve buying and selling government securities to manage liquidity. Repo rate changes directly affect short-term borrowing costs. How many of the above statements is/are incorrect? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: A Statement 1 is incorrect because Quantitative Easing (QE) is an expansionary monetary policy tool, not contractionary. QE involves the central bank purchasing financial assets, such as government securities, to inject liquidity into the economy, stimulate demand, and promote growth, particularly during economic slowdowns. Statement 2 is correct as Open Market Operations (OMO) involve the central bank buying or selling government securities to manage liquidity in the financial system. When the central bank buys securities, it increases liquidity; when it sells, it reduces liquidity. Statement 3 is also correct because repo rate changes directly influence short-term borrowing costs. A reduction in the repo rate lowers borrowing costs for banks, encouraging lending and investment, while an increase has the opposite effect. Incorrect Solution: A Statement 1 is incorrect because Quantitative Easing (QE) is an expansionary monetary policy tool, not contractionary. QE involves the central bank purchasing financial assets, such as government securities, to inject liquidity into the economy, stimulate demand, and promote growth, particularly during economic slowdowns. Statement 2 is correct as Open Market Operations (OMO) involve the central bank buying or selling government securities to manage liquidity in the financial system. When the central bank buys securities, it increases liquidity; when it sells, it reduces liquidity. Statement 3 is also correct because repo rate changes directly influence short-term borrowing costs. A reduction in the repo rate lowers borrowing costs for banks, encouraging lending and investment, while an increase has the opposite effect.

#### 4. Question

Consider the following statements about monetary policy:

• Quantitative Easing (QE) is a contractionary monetary policy tool.

• Open Market Operations (OMO) involve buying and selling government securities to manage liquidity.

• Repo rate changes directly affect short-term borrowing costs.

How many of the above statements is/are incorrect?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: A

Statement 1 is incorrect because Quantitative Easing (QE) is an expansionary monetary policy tool, not contractionary. QE involves the central bank purchasing financial assets, such as government securities, to inject liquidity into the economy, stimulate demand, and promote growth, particularly during economic slowdowns.

Statement 2 is correct as Open Market Operations (OMO) involve the central bank buying or selling government securities to manage liquidity in the financial system. When the central bank buys securities, it increases liquidity; when it sells, it reduces liquidity.

Statement 3 is also correct because repo rate changes directly influence short-term borrowing costs. A reduction in the repo rate lowers borrowing costs for banks, encouraging lending and investment, while an increase has the opposite effect.

Solution: A

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Consider the following statements regarding Sea otters. Statement-I: Sea otters are keystone species in marine ecosystems. Statement-II: They help in preventing the destruction of kelp forests by preying on sea urchins. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements? a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct Correct Solution: A Sea otters are keystone species because of their crucial role in maintaining ecological balance. By preying on sea urchins, they protect kelp forests from overgrazing, ensuring marine biodiversity and ecosystem stability. About Sea Otter: What it is:An aquatic member of the weasel family (Mustelidae), primarily found along Pacific Ocean coasts in North America and Asia. Scientific name:Enhydra lutris. Habitat:Coastal waters and estuaries, often in kelp forests and seagrass beds; occasionally rests onshore. IUCN Status: Features: Webbed feet and water-repellent furfor warmth and buoyancy. Eats up to 25% of its body weight daily. Nostrils and ears close in waterfor underwater foraging. Role in Ecosystem Conservation: Keystone Species:Vital for maintaining marine ecosystem balance. Kelp Forest Protection:Preys on sea urchins, preventing their overpopulation and subsequent destruction of kelp forests. Biodiversity Sustenance:Supports marine habitats by ensuring a balanced food web, aiding species diversity. Incorrect Solution: A Sea otters are keystone species because of their crucial role in maintaining ecological balance. By preying on sea urchins, they protect kelp forests from overgrazing, ensuring marine biodiversity and ecosystem stability. About Sea Otter: What it is:An aquatic member of the weasel family (Mustelidae), primarily found along Pacific Ocean coasts in North America and Asia. Scientific name:Enhydra lutris. Habitat:Coastal waters and estuaries, often in kelp forests and seagrass beds; occasionally rests onshore. IUCN Status: Features: Webbed feet and water-repellent furfor warmth and buoyancy. Eats up to 25% of its body weight daily. Nostrils and ears close in waterfor underwater foraging. Role in Ecosystem Conservation: Keystone Species:Vital for maintaining marine ecosystem balance. Kelp Forest Protection:Preys on sea urchins, preventing their overpopulation and subsequent destruction of kelp forests. Biodiversity Sustenance:Supports marine habitats by ensuring a balanced food web, aiding species diversity.

#### 5. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Sea otters.

Statement-I: Sea otters are keystone species in marine ecosystems. Statement-II: They help in preventing the destruction of kelp forests by preying on sea urchins.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

• a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I

• b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I

• c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect

• d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct

Solution: A

Sea otters are keystone species because of their crucial role in maintaining ecological balance. By preying on sea urchins, they protect kelp forests from overgrazing, ensuring marine biodiversity and ecosystem stability.

About Sea Otter:

• What it is:An aquatic member of the weasel family (Mustelidae), primarily found along Pacific Ocean coasts in North America and Asia.

• Scientific name:Enhydra lutris.

• Habitat:Coastal waters and estuaries, often in kelp forests and seagrass beds; occasionally rests onshore.

• IUCN Status:

Features:

• Webbed feet and water-repellent furfor warmth and buoyancy.

• Eats up to 25% of its body weight daily.

• Nostrils and ears close in waterfor underwater foraging.

Role in Ecosystem Conservation:

• Keystone Species:Vital for maintaining marine ecosystem balance.

• Kelp Forest Protection:Preys on sea urchins, preventing their overpopulation and subsequent destruction of kelp forests.

• Biodiversity Sustenance:Supports marine habitats by ensuring a balanced food web, aiding species diversity.

Solution: A

About Sea Otter:

• What it is:An aquatic member of the weasel family (Mustelidae), primarily found along Pacific Ocean coasts in North America and Asia.

• Scientific name:Enhydra lutris.

• Habitat:Coastal waters and estuaries, often in kelp forests and seagrass beds; occasionally rests onshore.

• IUCN Status:

Features:

• Webbed feet and water-repellent furfor warmth and buoyancy.

• Eats up to 25% of its body weight daily.

• Nostrils and ears close in waterfor underwater foraging.

Role in Ecosystem Conservation:

• Keystone Species:Vital for maintaining marine ecosystem balance.

• Kelp Forest Protection:Preys on sea urchins, preventing their overpopulation and subsequent destruction of kelp forests.

• Biodiversity Sustenance:Supports marine habitats by ensuring a balanced food web, aiding species diversity.

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