UPSC Editorials Quiz : 8 August 2024

Introducing QUED – Questions from Editorials (UPSC Editorials Quiz) , an innovative initiative from InsightsIAS. Considering the significant number of questions in previous UPSC Prelims from editorials, practicing MCQs from this perspective can provide an extra edge. While we cover important editorials separately in our Editorial Section and SECURE Initiative, adding QUED (UPSC Editorials Quiz) to your daily MCQ practice alongside Static Quiz, Current Affairs Quiz, and InstaDART can be crucial for better performance. We recommend utilizing this initiative to enhance your preparation, with 5 MCQs posted daily at 11 am from Monday to Saturday on our website under the QUIZ menu.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question What is the primary mode of transmission for Oropouche fever, recently in news? a) Human-to-human contact b) Contaminated food and water c) Bites from infected midges and mosquitoes d) Airborne particles Correct Solution: C) Two people in the Brazilian state of Bahia were the first people to die from Oropouche fever, the country’s health ministry reported July 25, 2024. Oropouche is common in Latin America and the Caribbean. The virus was first detected in Trinidad and Tobago in 1955. But it has been detected in Europe. Italy reported its first-ever case of Oropouche in June 2024. It was also the first case ever to be detected in continental Europe. Oropouche fever is primarily transmitted through the bites of infected midges and mosquitoes, particularly the Culicoides paraensis midge. This mode of transmission is typical for many vector-borne diseases in tropical and subtropical regions. The virus enters the human body when an infected vector feeds on human blood, introducing the pathogen into the bloodstream. This method of transmission explains why the disease is more prevalent in areas where these vectors thrive and why climate conditions can influence its spread. Source Incorrect Solution: C) Two people in the Brazilian state of Bahia were the first people to die from Oropouche fever, the country’s health ministry reported July 25, 2024. Oropouche is common in Latin America and the Caribbean. The virus was first detected in Trinidad and Tobago in 1955. But it has been detected in Europe. Italy reported its first-ever case of Oropouche in June 2024. It was also the first case ever to be detected in continental Europe. Oropouche fever is primarily transmitted through the bites of infected midges and mosquitoes, particularly the Culicoides paraensis midge. This mode of transmission is typical for many vector-borne diseases in tropical and subtropical regions. The virus enters the human body when an infected vector feeds on human blood, introducing the pathogen into the bloodstream. This method of transmission explains why the disease is more prevalent in areas where these vectors thrive and why climate conditions can influence its spread. Source

#### 1. Question

What is the primary mode of transmission for Oropouche fever, recently in news?

• a) Human-to-human contact

• b) Contaminated food and water

• c) Bites from infected midges and mosquitoes

• d) Airborne particles

Solution: C)

Two people in the Brazilian state of Bahia were the first people to die from Oropouche fever, the country’s health ministry reported July 25, 2024.

Oropouche is common in Latin America and the Caribbean. The virus was first detected in Trinidad and Tobago in 1955. But it has been detected in Europe. Italy reported its first-ever case of Oropouche in June 2024. It was also the first case ever to be detected in continental Europe.

Oropouche fever is primarily transmitted through the bites of infected midges and mosquitoes, particularly the Culicoides paraensis midge. This mode of transmission is typical for many vector-borne diseases in tropical and subtropical regions. The virus enters the human body when an infected vector feeds on human blood, introducing the pathogen into the bloodstream. This method of transmission explains why the disease is more prevalent in areas where these vectors thrive and why climate conditions can influence its spread.

Solution: C)

Two people in the Brazilian state of Bahia were the first people to die from Oropouche fever, the country’s health ministry reported July 25, 2024.

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question What did the Supreme Court rule in the 2023 case of Pankaj Bansal vs Union of India regarding the disclosure of ‘grounds of arrest’? a) It is optional to disclose grounds of arrest b) Grounds of arrest must be disclosed verbally within 48 hours c) Disclosing grounds of arrest in writing at the time of arrest is mandatory d) Grounds of arrest can be disclosed after the accused is produced before a magistrate Correct Solution: c) The Supreme Court’s ruling in this case established a crucial procedural safeguard for arrested individuals. By mandating the written disclosure of arrest grounds at the time of arrest, it ensures transparency in the arrest process and allows the accused to understand the basis of their detention immediately. This requirement serves multiple purposes: it protects against arbitrary arrests, enables the accused to prepare their defense promptly, and upholds the fundamental right to personal liberty. The immediacy of this disclosure is particularly significant in the context of laws like PMLA, where bail provisions are stringent, making the validity of the arrest itself a critical factor in potential legal challenges. Source Incorrect Solution: c) The Supreme Court’s ruling in this case established a crucial procedural safeguard for arrested individuals. By mandating the written disclosure of arrest grounds at the time of arrest, it ensures transparency in the arrest process and allows the accused to understand the basis of their detention immediately. This requirement serves multiple purposes: it protects against arbitrary arrests, enables the accused to prepare their defense promptly, and upholds the fundamental right to personal liberty. The immediacy of this disclosure is particularly significant in the context of laws like PMLA, where bail provisions are stringent, making the validity of the arrest itself a critical factor in potential legal challenges. Source

#### 2. Question

What did the Supreme Court rule in the 2023 case of Pankaj Bansal vs Union of India regarding the disclosure of ‘grounds of arrest’?

• a) It is optional to disclose grounds of arrest

• b) Grounds of arrest must be disclosed verbally within 48 hours

• c) Disclosing grounds of arrest in writing at the time of arrest is mandatory

• d) Grounds of arrest can be disclosed after the accused is produced before a magistrate

Solution: c)

The Supreme Court’s ruling in this case established a crucial procedural safeguard for arrested individuals. By mandating the written disclosure of arrest grounds at the time of arrest, it ensures transparency in the arrest process and allows the accused to understand the basis of their detention immediately. This requirement serves multiple purposes: it protects against arbitrary arrests, enables the accused to prepare their defense promptly, and upholds the fundamental right to personal liberty. The immediacy of this disclosure is particularly significant in the context of laws like PMLA, where bail provisions are stringent, making the validity of the arrest itself a critical factor in potential legal challenges.

Solution: c)

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Consider the following statements regarding the Symptoms and treatment of Oropouche fever. Most patients require hospitalization for recovery. The disease shares symptomatic similarities with dengue. 3. Climate change has no impact on Oropouche spread. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: a) Only Statement 2 is correct. There is no evidence of human-to-human transmission of the disease — to date. Symptoms of the disease are similar to dengue and typically start between four and eight days after the bite. The onset is sudden, and symptoms usually include fever, headaches, pain, chills, joint stiffness and sometimes nausea and vomiting. Most patients recover in about seven days. According to the WHO, severe cases are rare. There is no specific vaccine or antiviral treatment available for the disease. This suggests that hospitalization is not typically required for most patients with Oropouche fever. Given that the disease is transmitted by insects and has been associated with certain climate conditions, it’s likely that climate change could influence its spread. Source Incorrect Solution: a) Only Statement 2 is correct. There is no evidence of human-to-human transmission of the disease — to date. Symptoms of the disease are similar to dengue and typically start between four and eight days after the bite. The onset is sudden, and symptoms usually include fever, headaches, pain, chills, joint stiffness and sometimes nausea and vomiting. Most patients recover in about seven days. According to the WHO, severe cases are rare. There is no specific vaccine or antiviral treatment available for the disease. This suggests that hospitalization is not typically required for most patients with Oropouche fever. Given that the disease is transmitted by insects and has been associated with certain climate conditions, it’s likely that climate change could influence its spread. Source

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the Symptoms and treatment of Oropouche fever.

• Most patients require hospitalization for recovery.

• The disease shares symptomatic similarities with dengue. 3. Climate change has no impact on Oropouche spread.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: a)

Only Statement 2 is correct.

There is no evidence of human-to-human transmission of the disease — to date. Symptoms of the disease are similar to dengue and typically start between four and eight days after the bite. The onset is sudden, and symptoms usually include fever, headaches, pain, chills, joint stiffness and sometimes nausea and vomiting.

Most patients recover in about seven days. According to the WHO, severe cases are rare. There is no specific vaccine or antiviral treatment available for the disease. This suggests that hospitalization is not typically required for most patients with Oropouche fever.

Given that the disease is transmitted by insects and has been associated with certain climate conditions, it’s likely that climate change could influence its spread.

Solution: a)

Only Statement 2 is correct.

Given that the disease is transmitted by insects and has been associated with certain climate conditions, it’s likely that climate change could influence its spread.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Consider the following statements regarding NIPUN Bharat Mission. NIPUN Bharat aims to improve foundational literacy. NIPUN Bharat was launched before National Education Policy 2020. Which of the above statements is/are correct? a) 1 only b) 2 only c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 Correct Solution: a) NIPUN Bharat (National Initiative for Proficiency in Reading with Understanding and Numeracy) is indeed focused on improving foundational literacy and numeracy skills in children by Grade 3. This initiative aligns with the National Education Policy 2020’s recommendations to ensure early childhood education and development. NIPUN Bharat was launched on July 5, 2021, which was after the introduction of the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 on July 29, 2020. The NIPUN Bharat mission was, in fact, a result of the recommendations made in NEP 2020. Source Incorrect Solution: a) NIPUN Bharat (National Initiative for Proficiency in Reading with Understanding and Numeracy) is indeed focused on improving foundational literacy and numeracy skills in children by Grade 3. This initiative aligns with the National Education Policy 2020’s recommendations to ensure early childhood education and development. NIPUN Bharat was launched on July 5, 2021, which was after the introduction of the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 on July 29, 2020. The NIPUN Bharat mission was, in fact, a result of the recommendations made in NEP 2020. Source

#### 4. Question

Consider the following statements regarding NIPUN Bharat Mission.

• NIPUN Bharat aims to improve foundational literacy.

• NIPUN Bharat was launched before National Education Policy 2020.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• c) Both 1 and 2

• d) Neither 1 nor 2

Solution: a)

NIPUN Bharat (National Initiative for Proficiency in Reading with Understanding and Numeracy) is indeed focused on improving foundational literacy and numeracy skills in children by Grade 3. This initiative aligns with the National Education Policy 2020’s recommendations to ensure early childhood education and development.

NIPUN Bharat was launched on July 5, 2021, which was after the introduction of the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 on July 29, 2020. The NIPUN Bharat mission was, in fact, a result of the recommendations made in NEP 2020.

Solution: a)

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Which demographic group has the lowest labour force participation rate according to the Periodic Labour Force Survey 2022-23? a) Overall female population in India b) Urban female population in India c) Rural female population in India d) Women aged 15-29 in India Correct Solution: d) Young women in India are not joining the labour force at a rate comparable to the rest of the educated world. According to latest data from the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) 2022-23, the over-all female labour force participation rate — LFPR shows the percentage of the population which is looking for a job — in India is only 37% (41.5% in rural, 25.4% in urban India). For women in the 15-29 age-group, the LFPR is even lower at 24.5%. Source Incorrect Solution: d) Young women in India are not joining the labour force at a rate comparable to the rest of the educated world. According to latest data from the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) 2022-23, the over-all female labour force participation rate — LFPR shows the percentage of the population which is looking for a job — in India is only 37% (41.5% in rural, 25.4% in urban India). For women in the 15-29 age-group, the LFPR is even lower at 24.5%. Source

#### 5. Question

Which demographic group has the lowest labour force participation rate according to the Periodic Labour Force Survey 2022-23?

• a) Overall female population in India

• b) Urban female population in India

• c) Rural female population in India

• d) Women aged 15-29 in India

Solution: d)

Young women in India are not joining the labour force at a rate comparable to the rest of the educated world. According to latest data from the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) 2022-23, the over-all female labour force participation rate — LFPR shows the percentage of the population which is looking for a job — in India is only 37% (41.5% in rural, 25.4% in urban India). For women in the 15-29 age-group, the LFPR is even lower at 24.5%.

Solution: d)

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