UPSC Editorials Quiz : 7 June 2025

Introducing QUED – Questions from Editorials (UPSC Editorials Quiz) , an innovative initiative from InsightsIAS. Considering the significant number of questions in previous UPSC Prelims from editorials, practicing MCQs from this perspective can provide an extra edge. While we cover important editorials separately in our Editorial Section and SECURE Initiative, adding QUED (UPSC Editorials Quiz) to your daily MCQ practice alongside Static Quiz, Current Affairs Quiz, and InstaDART can be crucial for better performance. We recommend utilizing this initiative to enhance your preparation, with 5 MCQs posted daily at 11 am from Monday to Saturday on our website under the QUIZ menu.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Consider the following statements about the core doctrines of Jainism: Ahiṃsā (Non-violence) in Jainism is restricted to avoiding harm to humans and large animals, excluding microorganisms. Satya (Truthfulness) mandates speaking the truth under all circumstances, even if it causes significant harm to others. Aparigraha (Non-possessiveness) emphasizes detachment from material possessions only, without addressing emotional attachments. Brahmacharya (Chastity) is interpreted solely as complete celibacy for both monks and laypersons. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: d) All the provided statements misrepresent the core doctrines of Jainism: Ahiṃsā (Non-violence) in Jainism is absolute and extends to all living beings, including insects and microbes. It is a foundational principle requiring meticulous care to avoid harming any life form. Satya (Truthfulness) requires speaking the truth, but it must be balanced with Ahiṃsā. Truth should be spoken with compassion and care, and not if it leads to harm. Aparigraha (Non-possessiveness) stresses detachment from both material and emotional possessions. It aims to reduce greed and purify the mind from all forms of attachment. Brahmacharya (Chastity) means celibacy for monks, but for householders (laypersons), it implies sexual restraint and faithfulness within marriage, promoting control over desires. Incorrect Solution: d) All the provided statements misrepresent the core doctrines of Jainism: Ahiṃsā (Non-violence) in Jainism is absolute and extends to all living beings, including insects and microbes. It is a foundational principle requiring meticulous care to avoid harming any life form. Satya (Truthfulness) requires speaking the truth, but it must be balanced with Ahiṃsā. Truth should be spoken with compassion and care, and not if it leads to harm. Aparigraha (Non-possessiveness) stresses detachment from both material and emotional possessions. It aims to reduce greed and purify the mind from all forms of attachment. Brahmacharya (Chastity) means celibacy for monks, but for householders (laypersons), it implies sexual restraint and faithfulness within marriage, promoting control over desires.

#### 1. Question

Consider the following statements about the core doctrines of Jainism:

• Ahiṃsā (Non-violence) in Jainism is restricted to avoiding harm to humans and large animals, excluding microorganisms.

• Satya (Truthfulness) mandates speaking the truth under all circumstances, even if it causes significant harm to others.

• Aparigraha (Non-possessiveness) emphasizes detachment from material possessions only, without addressing emotional attachments.

• Brahmacharya (Chastity) is interpreted solely as complete celibacy for both monks and laypersons.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: d)

All the provided statements misrepresent the core doctrines of Jainism:

• Ahiṃsā (Non-violence) in Jainism is absolute and extends to all living beings, including insects and microbes. It is a foundational principle requiring meticulous care to avoid harming any life form.

• Satya (Truthfulness) requires speaking the truth, but it must be balanced with Ahiṃsā. Truth should be spoken with compassion and care, and not if it leads to harm.

• Aparigraha (Non-possessiveness) stresses detachment from both material and emotional possessions. It aims to reduce greed and purify the mind from all forms of attachment.

• Brahmacharya (Chastity) means celibacy for monks, but for householders (laypersons), it implies sexual restraint and faithfulness within marriage, promoting control over desires.

Solution: d)

All the provided statements misrepresent the core doctrines of Jainism:

• Satya (Truthfulness) requires speaking the truth, but it must be balanced with Ahiṃsā. Truth should be spoken with compassion and care, and not if it leads to harm.

• Aparigraha (Non-possessiveness) stresses detachment from both material and emotional possessions. It aims to reduce greed and purify the mind from all forms of attachment.

• Brahmacharya (Chastity) means celibacy for monks, but for householders (laypersons), it implies sexual restraint and faithfulness within marriage, promoting control over desires.

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following statements regarding Acharya Charaka and Sage Sushruta: Acharya Charaka flourished under the patronage of the Kushan ruler Kanishka, while Sage Sushruta is associated with Kashi. Both Charaka Samhita and Sushruta Samhita extensively cover the principles of Kayachikitsa (internal medicine). The Charaka Samhita primarily focuses on internal medicine, whereas the Sushruta Samhita is renowned for its detailed descriptions of surgical techniques. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 1 is correct. Acharya Charaka flourished in the region of Taxila under the patronage of the Kushan ruler Kanishka. Sage Sushruta practised in Kashi (Varanasi), possibly under King Divodasa. Statement 2 is incorrect. While the Charaka Samhita is a foundational Ayurvedic text focusing on internal medicine (Kayachikitsa), the Sushruta Samhita is primarily the oldest surgical text. It details surgical procedures, not primarily Kayachikitsa. Statement 3 is correct. Charaka Samhita’s main focus is internal medicine, including the science of embryology, disease pathology, and the three doshas. In contrast, the Sushruta Samhita is celebrated for its comprehensive coverage of surgical techniques, instruments, and anatomical knowledge gained through dissection. Significance of Charaka and Sushruta in Medicine: Foundation of Ayurveda: Their treatises form the core of Bruhat Trayi, the triad of classical texts shaping Indian medicine. Scientific Embryology: Both offered remarkably advanced insights into fetal development, verified in modern science. Surgical Innovations: Sushruta’s surgical methods and tools predate modern surgical systems and influenced Arab and European medicine. Pediatric Focus: Their work on Kaumarbhritya laid a foundation for child health, from neonatal rituals to therapeutic interventions. Global Impact: Translations into Arabic (e.g. Kitab-i-Susrud) contributed to global knowledge and intercultural exchange in medicine. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 1 is correct. Acharya Charaka flourished in the region of Taxila under the patronage of the Kushan ruler Kanishka. Sage Sushruta practised in Kashi (Varanasi), possibly under King Divodasa. Statement 2 is incorrect. While the Charaka Samhita is a foundational Ayurvedic text focusing on internal medicine (Kayachikitsa), the Sushruta Samhita is primarily the oldest surgical text. It details surgical procedures, not primarily Kayachikitsa. Statement 3 is correct. Charaka Samhita’s main focus is internal medicine, including the science of embryology, disease pathology, and the three doshas. In contrast, the Sushruta Samhita is celebrated for its comprehensive coverage of surgical techniques, instruments, and anatomical knowledge gained through dissection. Significance of Charaka and Sushruta in Medicine: Foundation of Ayurveda: Their treatises form the core of Bruhat Trayi, the triad of classical texts shaping Indian medicine. Scientific Embryology: Both offered remarkably advanced insights into fetal development, verified in modern science. Surgical Innovations: Sushruta’s surgical methods and tools predate modern surgical systems and influenced Arab and European medicine. Pediatric Focus: Their work on Kaumarbhritya laid a foundation for child health, from neonatal rituals to therapeutic interventions. Global Impact: Translations into Arabic (e.g. Kitab-i-Susrud) contributed to global knowledge and intercultural exchange in medicine.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Acharya Charaka and Sage Sushruta:

• Acharya Charaka flourished under the patronage of the Kushan ruler Kanishka, while Sage Sushruta is associated with Kashi.

• Both Charaka Samhita and Sushruta Samhita extensively cover the principles of Kayachikitsa (internal medicine).

• The Charaka Samhita primarily focuses on internal medicine, whereas the Sushruta Samhita is renowned for its detailed descriptions of surgical techniques.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: b)

• Statement 1 is correct. Acharya Charaka flourished in the region of Taxila under the patronage of the Kushan ruler Kanishka. Sage Sushruta practised in Kashi (Varanasi), possibly under King Divodasa.

• Statement 2 is incorrect. While the Charaka Samhita is a foundational Ayurvedic text focusing on internal medicine (Kayachikitsa), the Sushruta Samhita is primarily the oldest surgical text. It details surgical procedures, not primarily Kayachikitsa.

• Statement 3 is correct. Charaka Samhita’s main focus is internal medicine, including the science of embryology, disease pathology, and the three doshas. In contrast, the Sushruta Samhita is celebrated for its comprehensive coverage of surgical techniques, instruments, and anatomical knowledge gained through dissection.

Significance of Charaka and Sushruta in Medicine:

• Foundation of Ayurveda: Their treatises form the core of Bruhat Trayi, the triad of classical texts shaping Indian medicine.

• Scientific Embryology: Both offered remarkably advanced insights into fetal development, verified in modern science.

• Surgical Innovations: Sushruta’s surgical methods and tools predate modern surgical systems and influenced Arab and European medicine.

• Pediatric Focus: Their work on Kaumarbhritya laid a foundation for child health, from neonatal rituals to therapeutic interventions.

• Global Impact: Translations into Arabic (e.g. Kitab-i-Susrud) contributed to global knowledge and intercultural exchange in medicine.

Solution: b)

Significance of Charaka and Sushruta in Medicine:

• Foundation of Ayurveda: Their treatises form the core of Bruhat Trayi, the triad of classical texts shaping Indian medicine.

• Scientific Embryology: Both offered remarkably advanced insights into fetal development, verified in modern science.

• Surgical Innovations: Sushruta’s surgical methods and tools predate modern surgical systems and influenced Arab and European medicine.

• Pediatric Focus: Their work on Kaumarbhritya laid a foundation for child health, from neonatal rituals to therapeutic interventions.

• Global Impact: Translations into Arabic (e.g. Kitab-i-Susrud) contributed to global knowledge and intercultural exchange in medicine.

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Which of the following tiger reserves have recently shown a decline in both tiger and prey population? Simlipal Bandipur Palamau Indravati Select the correct answer using the code below: a) 1, 2 and 3 only b) 2 and 4 only c) 1, 3 and 4 only d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 Correct Solution: c) Among the listed reserves, Simlipal (Odisha), Palamau (Jharkhand), and Indravati (Chhattisgarh) have been flagged in recent assessments—including the All India Tiger Estimation 2022–23—for witnessing a decline in both tiger and prey base populations. These reserves suffer from a combination of factors such as poaching, habitat degradation, lack of consistent monitoring, and in some areas, Left-Wing Extremism, which restricts forest staff movement and conservation work. For instance, Palamau has long been a troubled reserve with poor monitoring and near-zero recorded tiger presence in recent years. Similarly, Indravati suffers from security issues due to Maoist activities, resulting in reduced fieldwork and poor data. Simlipal, despite being a biodiversity hotspot, is struggling with anthropogenic pressure and poaching. On the other hand, Bandipur (Karnataka) remains one of the better-managed reserves, showing relatively stable or increasing tiger populations and a healthy prey density, hence it is excluded from the declining list. Incorrect Solution: c) Among the listed reserves, Simlipal (Odisha), Palamau (Jharkhand), and Indravati (Chhattisgarh) have been flagged in recent assessments—including the All India Tiger Estimation 2022–23—for witnessing a decline in both tiger and prey base populations. These reserves suffer from a combination of factors such as poaching, habitat degradation, lack of consistent monitoring, and in some areas, Left-Wing Extremism, which restricts forest staff movement and conservation work. For instance, Palamau has long been a troubled reserve with poor monitoring and near-zero recorded tiger presence in recent years. Similarly, Indravati suffers from security issues due to Maoist activities, resulting in reduced fieldwork and poor data. Simlipal, despite being a biodiversity hotspot, is struggling with anthropogenic pressure and poaching. On the other hand, Bandipur (Karnataka) remains one of the better-managed reserves, showing relatively stable or increasing tiger populations and a healthy prey density, hence it is excluded from the declining list.

#### 3. Question

Which of the following tiger reserves have recently shown a decline in both tiger and prey population?

Select the correct answer using the code below:

• a) 1, 2 and 3 only

• b) 2 and 4 only

• c) 1, 3 and 4 only

• d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Solution: c)

• Among the listed reserves, Simlipal (Odisha), Palamau (Jharkhand), and Indravati (Chhattisgarh) have been flagged in recent assessments—including the All India Tiger Estimation 2022–23—for witnessing a decline in both tiger and prey base populations.

• These reserves suffer from a combination of factors such as poaching, habitat degradation, lack of consistent monitoring, and in some areas, Left-Wing Extremism, which restricts forest staff movement and conservation work.

• For instance, Palamau has long been a troubled reserve with poor monitoring and near-zero recorded tiger presence in recent years. Similarly, Indravati suffers from security issues due to Maoist activities, resulting in reduced fieldwork and poor data. Simlipal, despite being a biodiversity hotspot, is struggling with anthropogenic pressure and poaching.

• On the other hand, Bandipur (Karnataka) remains one of the better-managed reserves, showing relatively stable or increasing tiger populations and a healthy prey density, hence it is excluded from the declining list.

Solution: c)

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question With reference to tiger conservation strategies in India, consider the following: On-site breeding of herbivores in predator-free enclosures is a recommended long-term strategy to sustain the prey base. Community-based conservation and eco-tourism have been linked with improved biodiversity recovery. Project Tiger was launched in 1973 and is now implemented by NTCA. How many of the above statements is/are incorrect? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: a) Statement 1 is incorrect. While on-site breeding of herbivores in predator-free enclosures is occasionally practiced, it is not considered a viable long-term Captive-bred herbivores often lack natural predator avoidance behaviors, making them vulnerable once released. Moreover, such interventions are resource-intensive and ecologically unsustainable over time. Instead, natural habitat restoration and protection are emphasized for maintaining a stable prey base. Statement 2 is correct. Community-based conservation initiatives, especially when integrated with eco-tourism, have shown positive outcomes in biodiversity protection. By involving local populations in conservation through employment, benefit-sharing, and participatory monitoring, such strategies create incentives for protecting wildlife. Models in places like Periyar and Kaziranga have demonstrated that eco-tourism can enhance both conservation and livelihoods. Statement 3 is correct. Project Tiger was launched in 1973 with the aim of conserving the tiger population. It is now administered by the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change. Incorrect Solution: a) Statement 1 is incorrect. While on-site breeding of herbivores in predator-free enclosures is occasionally practiced, it is not considered a viable long-term Captive-bred herbivores often lack natural predator avoidance behaviors, making them vulnerable once released. Moreover, such interventions are resource-intensive and ecologically unsustainable over time. Instead, natural habitat restoration and protection are emphasized for maintaining a stable prey base. Statement 2 is correct. Community-based conservation initiatives, especially when integrated with eco-tourism, have shown positive outcomes in biodiversity protection. By involving local populations in conservation through employment, benefit-sharing, and participatory monitoring, such strategies create incentives for protecting wildlife. Models in places like Periyar and Kaziranga have demonstrated that eco-tourism can enhance both conservation and livelihoods. Statement 3 is correct. Project Tiger was launched in 1973 with the aim of conserving the tiger population. It is now administered by the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.

#### 4. Question

With reference to tiger conservation strategies in India, consider the following:

• On-site breeding of herbivores in predator-free enclosures is a recommended long-term strategy to sustain the prey base.

• Community-based conservation and eco-tourism have been linked with improved biodiversity recovery.

• Project Tiger was launched in 1973 and is now implemented by NTCA.

How many of the above statements is/are incorrect?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: a)

• Statement 1 is incorrect. While on-site breeding of herbivores in predator-free enclosures is occasionally practiced, it is not considered a viable long-term Captive-bred herbivores often lack natural predator avoidance behaviors, making them vulnerable once released. Moreover, such interventions are resource-intensive and ecologically unsustainable over time. Instead, natural habitat restoration and protection are emphasized for maintaining a stable prey base.

• Statement 2 is correct. Community-based conservation initiatives, especially when integrated with eco-tourism, have shown positive outcomes in biodiversity protection. By involving local populations in conservation through employment, benefit-sharing, and participatory monitoring, such strategies create incentives for protecting wildlife. Models in places like Periyar and Kaziranga have demonstrated that eco-tourism can enhance both conservation and livelihoods.

• Statement 3 is correct. Project Tiger was launched in 1973 with the aim of conserving the tiger population. It is now administered by the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.

Solution: a)

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Consider the following statements regarding the health hazards of trans fats: They contribute to weight gain mainly because they are low in energy density compared to other fats. Consumption of trans fats can impair insulin sensitivity, thereby increasing the risk of type 2 diabetes. Which of the above statements is/are correct? (a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 Correct Solution: b) Trans fats are known to raise Bad Cholesterol (LDL) levels and simultaneously lower Good Cholesterol (HDL) levels, which is detrimental to cardiovascular health as HDL helps remove excess cholesterol. Statement 1 is incorrect. Trans fats are energy-dense (9 kcal/g), similar to other fats. Their contribution to weight gain is due to this high energy density and their presence in many processed, calorie-rich foods, not because they are low in energy. Statement 2 is correct. Prolonged consumption of trans fats can impair insulin sensitivity, which is a key factor in the development of type 2 diabetes. This is a significant metabolic health hazard associated with these fats. Industrially produced trans fats are typically found in partially hydrogenated oils (PHOs) used in fried and processed foods (like biscuits, cakes, margarine, vanaspati ghee), baked goods, and some cooking fats, not in fresh fruits and vegetables. Incorrect Solution: b) Trans fats are known to raise Bad Cholesterol (LDL) levels and simultaneously lower Good Cholesterol (HDL) levels, which is detrimental to cardiovascular health as HDL helps remove excess cholesterol. Statement 1 is incorrect. Trans fats are energy-dense (9 kcal/g), similar to other fats. Their contribution to weight gain is due to this high energy density and their presence in many processed, calorie-rich foods, not because they are low in energy. Statement 2 is correct. Prolonged consumption of trans fats can impair insulin sensitivity, which is a key factor in the development of type 2 diabetes. This is a significant metabolic health hazard associated with these fats. Industrially produced trans fats are typically found in partially hydrogenated oils (PHOs) used in fried and processed foods (like biscuits, cakes, margarine, vanaspati ghee), baked goods, and some cooking fats, not in fresh fruits and vegetables.

#### 5. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the health hazards of trans fats:

• They contribute to weight gain mainly because they are low in energy density compared to other fats.

• Consumption of trans fats can impair insulin sensitivity, thereby increasing the risk of type 2 diabetes.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) 1 only

• (b) 2 only

• (c) Both 1 and 2

• (d) Neither 1 nor 2

Solution: b)

• Trans fats are known to raise Bad Cholesterol (LDL) levels and simultaneously lower Good Cholesterol (HDL) levels, which is detrimental to cardiovascular health as HDL helps remove excess cholesterol.

• Statement 1 is incorrect. Trans fats are energy-dense (9 kcal/g), similar to other fats. Their contribution to weight gain is due to this high energy density and their presence in many processed, calorie-rich foods, not because they are low in energy.

• Statement 2 is correct. Prolonged consumption of trans fats can impair insulin sensitivity, which is a key factor in the development of type 2 diabetes. This is a significant metabolic health hazard associated with these fats.

• Industrially produced trans fats are typically found in partially hydrogenated oils (PHOs) used in fried and processed foods (like biscuits, cakes, margarine, vanaspati ghee), baked goods, and some cooking fats, not in fresh fruits and vegetables.

Solution: b)

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