UPSC Editorials Quiz : 6 March 2025
Kartavya Desk Staff
Introducing QUED – Questions from Editorials (UPSC Editorials Quiz) , an innovative initiative from InsightsIAS. Considering the significant number of questions in previous UPSC Prelims from editorials, practicing MCQs from this perspective can provide an extra edge. While we cover important editorials separately in our Editorial Section and SECURE Initiative, adding QUED (UPSC Editorials Quiz) to your daily MCQ practice alongside Static Quiz, Current Affairs Quiz, and InstaDART can be crucial for better performance. We recommend utilizing this initiative to enhance your preparation, with 5 MCQs posted daily at 11 am from Monday to Saturday on our website under the QUIZ menu.
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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Consider the following statements regarding the Selection Committee of Lokpal: The Selection Committee is chaired by the President of India. The Chief Justice of India has a veto power in selecting members of Lokpal. The Leader of Opposition in the Lok Sabha is excluded from the Selection Committee. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: D The Selection Committee of the Lokpal is responsible for selecting the Chairperson and Members of the Lokpal, ensuring an impartial and independent anti-corruption body. It consists of the Prime Minister as the Chairperson, the Speaker of the Lok Sabha, the Leader of Opposition in the Lok Sabha, the Chief Justice of India or a judge nominated by them, and an eminent jurist recommended by other members. Statement 1 is incorrect as the committee is chaired by the Prime Minister, not the President. Statement 2 is also incorrect because the Chief Justice of India (or their nominee) is a part of the committee but does not have veto power—decisions are made collectively. Statement 3 is incorrect because the Leader of Opposition in the Lok Sabha is explicitly included in the Selection Committee. Incorrect Solution: D The Selection Committee of the Lokpal is responsible for selecting the Chairperson and Members of the Lokpal, ensuring an impartial and independent anti-corruption body. It consists of the Prime Minister as the Chairperson, the Speaker of the Lok Sabha, the Leader of Opposition in the Lok Sabha, the Chief Justice of India or a judge nominated by them, and an eminent jurist recommended by other members. Statement 1 is incorrect as the committee is chaired by the Prime Minister, not the President. Statement 2 is also incorrect because the Chief Justice of India (or their nominee) is a part of the committee but does not have veto power—decisions are made collectively. Statement 3 is incorrect because the Leader of Opposition in the Lok Sabha is explicitly included in the Selection Committee.
#### 1. Question
Consider the following statements regarding the Selection Committee of Lokpal:
• The Selection Committee is chaired by the President of India.
• The Chief Justice of India has a veto power in selecting members of Lokpal.
• The Leader of Opposition in the Lok Sabha is excluded from the Selection Committee.
How many of the above statements is/are correct?
• (a) Only one
• (b) Only two
• (c) All three
Solution: D
• The Selection Committee of the Lokpal is responsible for selecting the Chairperson and Members of the Lokpal, ensuring an impartial and independent anti-corruption body.
• It consists of the Prime Minister as the Chairperson, the Speaker of the Lok Sabha, the Leader of Opposition in the Lok Sabha, the Chief Justice of India or a judge nominated by them, and an eminent jurist recommended by other members.
• Statement 1 is incorrect as the committee is chaired by the Prime Minister, not the President.
• Statement 2 is also incorrect because the Chief Justice of India (or their nominee) is a part of the committee but does not have veto power—decisions are made collectively.
• Statement 3 is incorrect because the Leader of Opposition in the Lok Sabha is explicitly included in the Selection Committee.
Solution: D
• The Selection Committee of the Lokpal is responsible for selecting the Chairperson and Members of the Lokpal, ensuring an impartial and independent anti-corruption body.
• It consists of the Prime Minister as the Chairperson, the Speaker of the Lok Sabha, the Leader of Opposition in the Lok Sabha, the Chief Justice of India or a judge nominated by them, and an eminent jurist recommended by other members.
• Statement 1 is incorrect as the committee is chaired by the Prime Minister, not the President.
• Statement 2 is also incorrect because the Chief Justice of India (or their nominee) is a part of the committee but does not have veto power—decisions are made collectively.
• Statement 3 is incorrect because the Leader of Opposition in the Lok Sabha is explicitly included in the Selection Committee.
• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following statements regarding the payment and governance of Ex-Gratia Payments: The amount and eligibility criteria for ex-gratia payments are determined solely by the central government. State governments can independently decide ex-gratia payments for state-level disasters. In railway accidents, the Ministry of Railways provides ex-gratia relief based on fixed guidelines. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: B Ex-gratia payments are discretionary financial assistance given by the government or organizations in cases of disasters, accidents, or other exceptional circumstances. These payments are not legally mandated but are offered as a humanitarian gesture. Statement 1 is incorrect because while the central government sets guidelines for certain ex-gratia payments, state governments also have the authority to determine such payments for state-specific disasters. Statement 2 is correct since state governments can independently announce ex-gratia payments for local disasters based on their financial capacity and policy decisions. Statement 3 is also correct as the Ministry of Railways provides ex-gratia relief in railway accidents according to predetermined guidelines, ensuring uniform compensation in such cases. Incorrect Solution: B Ex-gratia payments are discretionary financial assistance given by the government or organizations in cases of disasters, accidents, or other exceptional circumstances. These payments are not legally mandated but are offered as a humanitarian gesture. Statement 1 is incorrect because while the central government sets guidelines for certain ex-gratia payments, state governments also have the authority to determine such payments for state-specific disasters. Statement 2 is correct since state governments can independently announce ex-gratia payments for local disasters based on their financial capacity and policy decisions. Statement 3 is also correct as the Ministry of Railways provides ex-gratia relief in railway accidents according to predetermined guidelines, ensuring uniform compensation in such cases.
#### 2. Question
Consider the following statements regarding the payment and governance of Ex-Gratia Payments:
• The amount and eligibility criteria for ex-gratia payments are determined solely by the central government.
• State governments can independently decide ex-gratia payments for state-level disasters.
• In railway accidents, the Ministry of Railways provides ex-gratia relief based on fixed guidelines.
How many of the above statements is/are correct?
• (a) Only one
• (b) Only two
• (c) All three
Solution: B
• Ex-gratia payments are discretionary financial assistance given by the government or organizations in cases of disasters, accidents, or other exceptional circumstances. These payments are not legally mandated but are offered as a humanitarian gesture.
• Statement 1 is incorrect because while the central government sets guidelines for certain ex-gratia payments, state governments also have the authority to determine such payments for state-specific disasters.
• Statement 2 is correct since state governments can independently announce ex-gratia payments for local disasters based on their financial capacity and policy decisions.
• Statement 3 is also correct as the Ministry of Railways provides ex-gratia relief in railway accidents according to predetermined guidelines, ensuring uniform compensation in such cases.
Solution: B
• Ex-gratia payments are discretionary financial assistance given by the government or organizations in cases of disasters, accidents, or other exceptional circumstances. These payments are not legally mandated but are offered as a humanitarian gesture.
• Statement 1 is incorrect because while the central government sets guidelines for certain ex-gratia payments, state governments also have the authority to determine such payments for state-specific disasters.
• Statement 2 is correct since state governments can independently announce ex-gratia payments for local disasters based on their financial capacity and policy decisions.
• Statement 3 is also correct as the Ministry of Railways provides ex-gratia relief in railway accidents according to predetermined guidelines, ensuring uniform compensation in such cases.
• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Match the following volcanoes with their respective characteristics: Volcano Characteristic A. Mount Etna 1. Located in Indonesia, known for frequent ash eruptions B. Mount Kilauea 2. A shield volcano with fluid lava flows C. Mount Dukono 3. Located in Italy, one of the most active stratovolcanoes in Europe D. Mount Tambora 4. The eruption caused the “Year Without a Summer” Select the correct match: (a) A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4 (b) A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4 (c) A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3 (d) A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1 Correct Solution: A Mount Etna (A-3): Active stratovolcano in Italy. Mount Kilauea (B-2): A shield volcano with fluid lava. Mount Dukono (C-1): Frequent eruptions in Indonesia. Mount Tambora (D-4): 1815 eruption caused the “Year Without a Summer”. Mount Etna (Italy): Location:Sicily, Italy Type:Stratovolcano, Europe’s highest and most active volcano (~3,350 m). Features: The current eruptionis from the Bocca Nuova crater (“new mouth”). Lava flows interacting with snowpose risks of rock explosions. Mount Dukono (Indonesia): Location:Halmahera Island, North Maluku, Indonesia Type:Active stratovolcano (1,087 m). Features: Persistent eruptions, producing frequent ash clouds. Current eruptionspewed a 2,000-metre ash column. Volcanic ash poses risks to aviation, leading to an orange-level aviation warning(VONA). Incorrect Solution: A Mount Etna (A-3): Active stratovolcano in Italy. Mount Kilauea (B-2): A shield volcano with fluid lava. Mount Dukono (C-1): Frequent eruptions in Indonesia. Mount Tambora (D-4): 1815 eruption caused the “Year Without a Summer”. Mount Etna (Italy): Location:Sicily, Italy Type:Stratovolcano, Europe’s highest and most active volcano (~3,350 m). Features: The current eruptionis from the Bocca Nuova crater (“new mouth”). Lava flows interacting with snowpose risks of rock explosions. Mount Dukono (Indonesia): Location:Halmahera Island, North Maluku, Indonesia Type:Active stratovolcano (1,087 m). Features: Persistent eruptions, producing frequent ash clouds. Current eruptionspewed a 2,000-metre ash column. Volcanic ash poses risks to aviation, leading to an orange-level aviation warning(VONA).
#### 3. Question
Match the following volcanoes with their respective characteristics:
Volcano | Characteristic
A. Mount Etna | 1. Located in Indonesia, known for frequent ash eruptions
B. Mount Kilauea | 2. A shield volcano with fluid lava flows
C. Mount Dukono | 3. Located in Italy, one of the most active stratovolcanoes in Europe
D. Mount Tambora | 4. The eruption caused the “Year Without a Summer”
Select the correct match:
• (a) A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4
• (b) A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4
• (c) A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3
• (d) A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1
Solution: A
Mount Etna (A-3): Active stratovolcano in Italy.
Mount Kilauea (B-2): A shield volcano with fluid lava.
Mount Dukono (C-1): Frequent eruptions in Indonesia.
Mount Tambora (D-4): 1815 eruption caused the “Year Without a Summer”.
Mount Etna (Italy):
• Location:Sicily, Italy
• Type:Stratovolcano, Europe’s highest and most active volcano (~3,350 m).
Features:
• The current eruptionis from the Bocca Nuova crater (“new mouth”).
• Lava flows interacting with snowpose risks of rock explosions.
Mount Dukono (Indonesia):
• Location:Halmahera Island, North Maluku, Indonesia
• Type:Active stratovolcano (1,087 m).
Features:
• Persistent eruptions, producing frequent ash clouds.
• Current eruptionspewed a 2,000-metre ash column.
• Volcanic ash poses risks to aviation, leading to an orange-level aviation warning(VONA).
Solution: A
Mount Etna (A-3): Active stratovolcano in Italy.
Mount Kilauea (B-2): A shield volcano with fluid lava.
Mount Dukono (C-1): Frequent eruptions in Indonesia.
Mount Tambora (D-4): 1815 eruption caused the “Year Without a Summer”.
Mount Etna (Italy):
• Location:Sicily, Italy
• Type:Stratovolcano, Europe’s highest and most active volcano (~3,350 m).
Features:
• The current eruptionis from the Bocca Nuova crater (“new mouth”).
• Lava flows interacting with snowpose risks of rock explosions.
Mount Dukono (Indonesia):
• Location:Halmahera Island, North Maluku, Indonesia
• Type:Active stratovolcano (1,087 m).
Features:
• Persistent eruptions, producing frequent ash clouds.
• Current eruptionspewed a 2,000-metre ash column.
• Volcanic ash poses risks to aviation, leading to an orange-level aviation warning(VONA).
• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Which of the following best describes the Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI)? a) An indicator that measures the actual output of the manufacturing and services sectors b) A forward-looking economic indicator that tracks business activity based on surveys of purchasing managers c) A composite index derived from stock market trends and industrial production data d) A government-released index that determines inflation trends in core industries Correct Solution: B PMI is a leading economic indicator based on surveys of purchasing managers, capturing business sentiment in manufacturing and services sectors. It is not based on actual production data (option a) and is released by private agencies, not the government (option d). Incorrect Solution: B PMI is a leading economic indicator based on surveys of purchasing managers, capturing business sentiment in manufacturing and services sectors. It is not based on actual production data (option a) and is released by private agencies, not the government (option d).
#### 4. Question
Which of the following best describes the Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI)?
• a) An indicator that measures the actual output of the manufacturing and services sectors
• b) A forward-looking economic indicator that tracks business activity based on surveys of purchasing managers
• c) A composite index derived from stock market trends and industrial production data
• d) A government-released index that determines inflation trends in core industries
Solution: B
PMI is a leading economic indicator based on surveys of purchasing managers, capturing business sentiment in manufacturing and services sectors. It is not based on actual production data (option a) and is released by private agencies, not the government (option d).
Solution: B
PMI is a leading economic indicator based on surveys of purchasing managers, capturing business sentiment in manufacturing and services sectors. It is not based on actual production data (option a) and is released by private agencies, not the government (option d).
• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Consider the following statements about the use of Dollar-Rupee Swap Auctions in India: RBI always purchases dollars in these auctions to boost forex reserves. These swaps permanently alter the money supply in the economy. Swap auctions are conducted at a fixed exchange rate set by the RBI. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: D Dollar-Rupee Swap Auctions are a tool used by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to manage liquidity and stabilize the foreign exchange market. These swaps involve the exchange of U.S. dollars and Indian rupees between the RBI and authorized market participants for a specified period, with a commitment to reverse the transaction at a future date. Statement 1 is incorrect because the RBI does not always purchase dollars; it can either buy or sell dollars depending on its objective—buying dollars injects rupees into the system, while selling dollars absorbs excess rupee liquidity. Statement 2 is incorrect as swap transactions are temporary in nature and do not lead to a permanent alteration in money supply. Statement 3 is incorrect because the exchange rate in swap auctions is determined through bidding in the auction process, not by a fixed rate set by the RBI. Incorrect Solution: D Dollar-Rupee Swap Auctions are a tool used by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to manage liquidity and stabilize the foreign exchange market. These swaps involve the exchange of U.S. dollars and Indian rupees between the RBI and authorized market participants for a specified period, with a commitment to reverse the transaction at a future date. Statement 1 is incorrect because the RBI does not always purchase dollars; it can either buy or sell dollars depending on its objective—buying dollars injects rupees into the system, while selling dollars absorbs excess rupee liquidity. Statement 2 is incorrect as swap transactions are temporary in nature and do not lead to a permanent alteration in money supply. Statement 3 is incorrect because the exchange rate in swap auctions is determined through bidding in the auction process, not by a fixed rate set by the RBI.
#### 5. Question
Consider the following statements about the use of Dollar-Rupee Swap Auctions in India:
• RBI always purchases dollars in these auctions to boost forex reserves.
• These swaps permanently alter the money supply in the economy.
• Swap auctions are conducted at a fixed exchange rate set by the RBI.
How many of the above statements is/are correct?
• (a) Only one
• (b) Only two
• (c) All three
Solution: D
• Dollar-Rupee Swap Auctions are a tool used by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to manage liquidity and stabilize the foreign exchange market. These swaps involve the exchange of U.S. dollars and Indian rupees between the RBI and authorized market participants for a specified period, with a commitment to reverse the transaction at a future date.
• Statement 1 is incorrect because the RBI does not always purchase dollars; it can either buy or sell dollars depending on its objective—buying dollars injects rupees into the system, while selling dollars absorbs excess rupee liquidity.
• Statement 2 is incorrect as swap transactions are temporary in nature and do not lead to a permanent alteration in money supply.
• Statement 3 is incorrect because the exchange rate in swap auctions is determined through bidding in the auction process, not by a fixed rate set by the RBI.
Solution: D
• Dollar-Rupee Swap Auctions are a tool used by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to manage liquidity and stabilize the foreign exchange market. These swaps involve the exchange of U.S. dollars and Indian rupees between the RBI and authorized market participants for a specified period, with a commitment to reverse the transaction at a future date.
• Statement 1 is incorrect because the RBI does not always purchase dollars; it can either buy or sell dollars depending on its objective—buying dollars injects rupees into the system, while selling dollars absorbs excess rupee liquidity.
• Statement 2 is incorrect as swap transactions are temporary in nature and do not lead to a permanent alteration in money supply.
• Statement 3 is incorrect because the exchange rate in swap auctions is determined through bidding in the auction process, not by a fixed rate set by the RBI.
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