UPSC Editorials Quiz : 6 April 2024

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Introducing QUED – Questions from Editorials, an innovative initiative from InsightsIAS. Considering the significant number of questions in previous UPSC Prelims from editorials, practicing MCQs from this perspective can provide an extra edge. While we cover important editorials separately in our Editorial Section and SECURE Initiative, adding QUED to your daily MCQ practice alongside Static Quiz, Current Affairs Quiz, and InstaDART can be crucial for better performance. We recommend utilizing this initiative to enhance your preparation, with 5 MCQs posted daily at 11 am from Monday to Saturday on our website under the QUIZ menu. Best of luck! 🙂

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Consider the following statements regarding Self-Regulatory Organisation (SRO). An SRO is a statutory body that sets and enforces rules and standards relating to the conduct of entities in the industry. It aims at protecting the customer and promoting ethics, equality, and professionalism. SRO collaborates with all stakeholders in framing rules and regulations. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 1 is incorrect. Reserve Bank of India (RBI) Governor had asked fintech entities to form a Self-Regulatory Organisation (SRO). An SRO can help in establishing codes of conduct for its members that foster transparency, fair competition, and consumer protection. It can act as a watchdog and encourage members to adopt responsible and ethical practices. It can provide a link between the regulator and market participants through a less formal set-up. What is an SRO? An SRO is a non-governmental organisation that sets and enforces rules and standards relating to the conduct of entities in the industry (members) with the aim of protecting the customer and promoting ethics, equality, and professionalism. SROs typically collaborate with all stakeholders in framing rules and regulations. Their self-regulatory processes are administered through impartial mechanisms such that members operate in a disciplined environment and accept penal actions by the SRO. An SRO is expected to address concerns beyond the narrow self-interests of the industry, such as to protect workers, customers or other participants in the ecosystem. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 1 is incorrect. Reserve Bank of India (RBI) Governor had asked fintech entities to form a Self-Regulatory Organisation (SRO). An SRO can help in establishing codes of conduct for its members that foster transparency, fair competition, and consumer protection. It can act as a watchdog and encourage members to adopt responsible and ethical practices. It can provide a link between the regulator and market participants through a less formal set-up. What is an SRO? An SRO is a non-governmental organisation that sets and enforces rules and standards relating to the conduct of entities in the industry (members) with the aim of protecting the customer and promoting ethics, equality, and professionalism. SROs typically collaborate with all stakeholders in framing rules and regulations. Their self-regulatory processes are administered through impartial mechanisms such that members operate in a disciplined environment and accept penal actions by the SRO. An SRO is expected to address concerns beyond the narrow self-interests of the industry, such as to protect workers, customers or other participants in the ecosystem.

#### 1. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Self-Regulatory Organisation (SRO).

• An SRO is a statutory body that sets and enforces rules and standards relating to the conduct of entities in the industry.

• It aims at protecting the customer and promoting ethics, equality, and professionalism.

• SRO collaborates with all stakeholders in framing rules and regulations.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is incorrect.

Reserve Bank of India (RBI) Governor had asked fintech entities to form a Self-Regulatory Organisation (SRO). An SRO can help in establishing codes of conduct for its members that foster transparency, fair competition, and consumer protection. It can act as a watchdog and encourage members to adopt responsible and ethical practices. It can provide a link between the regulator and market participants through a less formal set-up.

What is an SRO?

An SRO is a non-governmental organisation that sets and enforces rules and standards relating to the conduct of entities in the industry (members) with the aim of protecting the customer and promoting ethics, equality, and professionalism. SROs typically collaborate with all stakeholders in framing rules and regulations.

Their self-regulatory processes are administered through impartial mechanisms such that members operate in a disciplined environment and accept penal actions by the SRO. An SRO is expected to address concerns beyond the narrow self-interests of the industry, such as to protect workers, customers or other participants in the ecosystem.

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is incorrect.

What is an SRO?

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following statements. Advanced biofuels are made from sugar-starch feedstocks and edible oil feedstocks. Ethanol is basically 99.9% pure alcohol that can be blended with petrol. Ethanol yields from molasses are actually higher than from food grains. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: a) Only Statement 2 is correct. Second-generation biofuels, also known as advanced biofuels, are fuels that can be manufactured from various types of non-food biomass. Biomass in this context means plant materials and animal waste used especially as a source of fuel. First-generation biofuels are made from sugar-starch feedstocks (e.g., sugarcane and corn) and edible oil feedstocks (e.g., rapeseed and soybean oil), which are generally converted into bioethanol and biodiesel, respectively. Ethanol is basically 99.9% pure alcohol that can be blended with petrol. It is different from the 94% rectified spirit having applications in paints, pharmaceuticals, personal care products and other industries, and 96% extra neutral alcohol that goes to make potable liquor. Ethanol yields from grains are actually higher than from molasses. One tonne of rice can produce 450-480 litres of ethanol, while it is 450-460 litres from broken/damaged grains, 380-400 litres from maize, 385-400 litres from jowar (sorghum) and 365-380 litres from bajra and other millets. The yields are linked to starch content: 68-72% in rice, 58-62% in maize and jowar, and 56-58% in other millets. However, though more ethanol can be produced from grains than molasses, the process is longer. The starch in the grain has to first be converted into sucrose and simpler sugars (glucose and fructose), before their fermentation into ethanol by using yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae). Molasses already contains sucrose, glucose and fructose. Incorrect Solution: a) Only Statement 2 is correct. Second-generation biofuels, also known as advanced biofuels, are fuels that can be manufactured from various types of non-food biomass. Biomass in this context means plant materials and animal waste used especially as a source of fuel. First-generation biofuels are made from sugar-starch feedstocks (e.g., sugarcane and corn) and edible oil feedstocks (e.g., rapeseed and soybean oil), which are generally converted into bioethanol and biodiesel, respectively. Ethanol is basically 99.9% pure alcohol that can be blended with petrol. It is different from the 94% rectified spirit having applications in paints, pharmaceuticals, personal care products and other industries, and 96% extra neutral alcohol that goes to make potable liquor. Ethanol yields from grains are actually higher than from molasses. One tonne of rice can produce 450-480 litres of ethanol, while it is 450-460 litres from broken/damaged grains, 380-400 litres from maize, 385-400 litres from jowar (sorghum) and 365-380 litres from bajra and other millets. The yields are linked to starch content: 68-72% in rice, 58-62% in maize and jowar, and 56-58% in other millets. However, though more ethanol can be produced from grains than molasses, the process is longer. The starch in the grain has to first be converted into sucrose and simpler sugars (glucose and fructose), before their fermentation into ethanol by using yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae). Molasses already contains sucrose, glucose and fructose.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements.

• Advanced biofuels are made from sugar-starch feedstocks and edible oil feedstocks.

• Ethanol is basically 99.9% pure alcohol that can be blended with petrol.

• Ethanol yields from molasses are actually higher than from food grains.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: a)

Only Statement 2 is correct.

Second-generation biofuels, also known as advanced biofuels, are fuels that can be manufactured from various types of non-food biomass. Biomass in this context means plant materials and animal waste used especially as a source of fuel.

First-generation biofuels are made from sugar-starch feedstocks (e.g., sugarcane and corn) and edible oil feedstocks (e.g., rapeseed and soybean oil), which are generally converted into bioethanol and biodiesel, respectively.

Ethanol is basically 99.9% pure alcohol that can be blended with petrol. It is different from the 94% rectified spirit having applications in paints, pharmaceuticals, personal care products and other industries, and 96% extra neutral alcohol that goes to make potable liquor.

Ethanol yields from grains are actually higher than from molasses. One tonne of rice can produce 450-480 litres of ethanol, while it is 450-460 litres from broken/damaged grains, 380-400 litres from maize, 385-400 litres from jowar (sorghum) and 365-380 litres from bajra and other millets. The yields are linked to starch content: 68-72% in rice, 58-62% in maize and jowar, and 56-58% in other millets.

However, though more ethanol can be produced from grains than molasses, the process is longer. The starch in the grain has to first be converted into sucrose and simpler sugars (glucose and fructose), before their fermentation into ethanol by using yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae). Molasses already contains sucrose, glucose and fructose.

Solution: a)

Only Statement 2 is correct.

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Consider the following statements regarding Fujiwhara effect. When two cyclones spinning in the same direction are brought close together, they begin an intense dance around their common center and this interaction between two cyclones is called the Fujiwhara effect. The occurrence of the Fujiwhara effect makes it easier to predict the cyclones. The rising frequency of Fujiwhara effect is attributed to the heating of ocean waters. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 2 is incorrect. As per the National Weather Service (NWS), when two hurricanes (or cyclones, depending on where you live), spinning in the same direction, are brought close together, they begin ‘an intense dance around their common center’ – this interaction between two cyclones is called the Fujiwhara effect. If one hurricane’s intensity overpowers the other, then the smaller one will orbit it and eventually crash into its vortex to be absorbed. On the other hand, if two storms of similar strengths pass by each other, they may gravitate towards each other until they reach a common center and merge, or merely spin each other around for a while before shooting off on their own paths. In rare instances, the two ‘dancing’ cyclones, if they are intense enough, may merge with one another, leading to the formation of a mega cyclone capable of wreaking havoc along coastlines. Additionally, the occurrence of the Fujiwhara effect also makes cyclonic systems harder to predict, as every interaction between two storm systems is unique and difficult to assess within the present climate models. Experts have noted the rising frequency of this unusual effect, attributing it to a rapidly warming world and the subsequent heating of ocean waters. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 2 is incorrect. As per the National Weather Service (NWS), when two hurricanes (or cyclones, depending on where you live), spinning in the same direction, are brought close together, they begin ‘an intense dance around their common center’ – this interaction between two cyclones is called the Fujiwhara effect. If one hurricane’s intensity overpowers the other, then the smaller one will orbit it and eventually crash into its vortex to be absorbed. On the other hand, if two storms of similar strengths pass by each other, they may gravitate towards each other until they reach a common center and merge, or merely spin each other around for a while before shooting off on their own paths. In rare instances, the two ‘dancing’ cyclones, if they are intense enough, may merge with one another, leading to the formation of a mega cyclone capable of wreaking havoc along coastlines. Additionally, the occurrence of the Fujiwhara effect also makes cyclonic systems harder to predict, as every interaction between two storm systems is unique and difficult to assess within the present climate models. Experts have noted the rising frequency of this unusual effect, attributing it to a rapidly warming world and the subsequent heating of ocean waters.

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Fujiwhara effect.

• When two cyclones spinning in the same direction are brought close together, they begin an intense dance around their common center and this interaction between two cyclones is called the Fujiwhara effect.

• The occurrence of the Fujiwhara effect makes it easier to predict the cyclones.

• The rising frequency of Fujiwhara effect is attributed to the heating of ocean waters.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 2 is incorrect.

As per the National Weather Service (NWS), when two hurricanes (or cyclones, depending on where you live), spinning in the same direction, are brought close together, they begin ‘an intense dance around their common center’ – this interaction between two cyclones is called the Fujiwhara effect.

If one hurricane’s intensity overpowers the other, then the smaller one will orbit it and eventually crash into its vortex to be absorbed. On the other hand, if two storms of similar strengths pass by each other, they may gravitate towards each other until they reach a common center and merge, or merely spin each other around for a while before shooting off on their own paths.

In rare instances, the two ‘dancing’ cyclones, if they are intense enough, may merge with one another, leading to the formation of a mega cyclone capable of wreaking havoc along coastlines.

Additionally, the occurrence of the Fujiwhara effect also makes cyclonic systems harder to predict, as every interaction between two storm systems is unique and difficult to assess within the present climate models.

Experts have noted the rising frequency of this unusual effect, attributing it to a rapidly warming world and the subsequent heating of ocean waters.

Solution: b)

Statement 2 is incorrect.

In rare instances, the two ‘dancing’ cyclones, if they are intense enough, may merge with one another, leading to the formation of a mega cyclone capable of wreaking havoc along coastlines.

Experts have noted the rising frequency of this unusual effect, attributing it to a rapidly warming world and the subsequent heating of ocean waters.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Which of the following statements regarding Atal Tinkering Laboratories (ATLs) is incorrect? a) ATL is an initiate of Niti Aayog b) It aims to build innovative solutions for India’s unique problems c) ATL is to foster curiosity, creativity, and imagination amongst college students across the length and breadth of India d) All the above statements are correct a) ATL is an initiate of Niti Aayog b) It aims to build innovative solutions for India’s unique problems c) ATL is to foster curiosity, creativity, and imagination amongst college students across the length and breadth of India d) All the above statements are correct Correct Solution: c) With a vision to ‘Cultivate one Million children in India as Neoteric Innovators’, Atal Innovation Mission is establishing Atal Tinkering Laboratories (ATLs) in schools across India. The objective of this scheme is to foster curiosity, creativity, and imagination in young minds; and inculcate skills such as design mindset, computational thinking, adaptive learning, physical computing etc. ATL is a workspace where young minds can give shape to their ideas through hands on do-it-yourself mode; and learn innovation skills. Young children will get a chance to work with tools and equipment to understand the concepts of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Math). Incorrect Solution: c) With a vision to ‘Cultivate one Million children in India as Neoteric Innovators’, Atal Innovation Mission is establishing Atal Tinkering Laboratories (ATLs) in schools across India. The objective of this scheme is to foster curiosity, creativity, and imagination in young minds; and inculcate skills such as design mindset, computational thinking, adaptive learning, physical computing etc. ATL is a workspace where young minds can give shape to their ideas through hands on do-it-yourself mode; and learn innovation skills. Young children will get a chance to work with tools and equipment to understand the concepts of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Math).

#### 4. Question

Which of the following statements regarding Atal Tinkering Laboratories (ATLs) is incorrect?

• a) ATL is an initiate of Niti Aayog

• b) It aims to build innovative solutions for India’s unique problems

• c) ATL is to foster curiosity, creativity, and imagination amongst college students across the length and breadth of India

d) All the above statements are correct

• a) ATL is an initiate of Niti Aayog

• b) It aims to build innovative solutions for India’s unique problems

• c) ATL is to foster curiosity, creativity, and imagination amongst college students across the length and breadth of India

• d) All the above statements are correct

Solution: c)

With a vision to ‘Cultivate one Million children in India as Neoteric Innovators’, Atal Innovation Mission is establishing Atal Tinkering Laboratories (ATLs) in schools across India. The objective of this scheme is to foster curiosity, creativity, and imagination in young minds; and inculcate skills such as design mindset, computational thinking, adaptive learning, physical computing etc.

ATL is a workspace where young minds can give shape to their ideas through hands on do-it-yourself mode; and learn innovation skills. Young children will get a chance to work with tools and equipment to understand the concepts of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Math).

Solution: c)

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Consider the following statements regarding Voice-over-Internet protocol (VoIP). Voice-over-Internet protocol (VoIP) is a technology that lets users make calls using a broadband Internet connection instead of a standard phone line. VoIP technology converts the digital signal into voice signal that travels via the Internet. Any landline or mobile phone that is connected to the Internet can place and receive VoIP calls. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only One (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 2 is incorrect. Voice-over-Internet protocol (VoIP) is a technology that lets users make calls using a broadband Internet connection instead of a standard phone line. VoIP technology converts the voice signal used in traditional phone calls into a digital signal that travels via the Internet rather than analog phone lines. VoIP works by converting voice audio into packets of data that then travel through the Internet like any other type of data such as text or pictures. These packets of sound data travel almost instantly through public and private Internet networks to route from the origination to the destination. Any landline or mobile phone that is connected to the Internet can place and receive VoIP calls. VoIP calls can also be conducted on computers through the computer microphone and speakers or headsets. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 2 is incorrect. Voice-over-Internet protocol (VoIP) is a technology that lets users make calls using a broadband Internet connection instead of a standard phone line. VoIP technology converts the voice signal used in traditional phone calls into a digital signal that travels via the Internet rather than analog phone lines. VoIP works by converting voice audio into packets of data that then travel through the Internet like any other type of data such as text or pictures. These packets of sound data travel almost instantly through public and private Internet networks to route from the origination to the destination. Any landline or mobile phone that is connected to the Internet can place and receive VoIP calls. VoIP calls can also be conducted on computers through the computer microphone and speakers or headsets.

#### 5. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Voice-over-Internet protocol (VoIP).

• Voice-over-Internet protocol (VoIP) is a technology that lets users make calls using a broadband Internet connection instead of a standard phone line.

• VoIP technology converts the digital signal into voice signal that travels via the Internet.

• Any landline or mobile phone that is connected to the Internet can place and receive VoIP calls.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) Only One

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 2 is incorrect.

Voice-over-Internet protocol (VoIP) is a technology that lets users make calls using a broadband Internet connection instead of a standard phone line.

VoIP technology converts the voice signal used in traditional phone calls into a digital signal that travels via the Internet rather than analog phone lines.

VoIP works by converting voice audio into packets of data that then travel through the Internet like any other type of data such as text or pictures. These packets of sound data travel almost instantly through public and private Internet networks to route from the origination to the destination. Any landline or mobile phone that is connected to the Internet can place and receive VoIP calls. VoIP calls can also be conducted on computers through the computer microphone and speakers or headsets.

Solution: b)

Statement 2 is incorrect.

Voice-over-Internet protocol (VoIP) is a technology that lets users make calls using a broadband Internet connection instead of a standard phone line.

VoIP technology converts the voice signal used in traditional phone calls into a digital signal that travels via the Internet rather than analog phone lines.

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