UPSC Editorials Quiz : 5 June 2025

Introducing QUED – Questions from Editorials (UPSC Editorials Quiz) , an innovative initiative from InsightsIAS. Considering the significant number of questions in previous UPSC Prelims from editorials, practicing MCQs from this perspective can provide an extra edge. While we cover important editorials separately in our Editorial Section and SECURE Initiative, adding QUED (UPSC Editorials Quiz) to your daily MCQ practice alongside Static Quiz, Current Affairs Quiz, and InstaDART can be crucial for better performance. We recommend utilizing this initiative to enhance your preparation, with 5 MCQs posted daily at 11 am from Monday to Saturday on our website under the QUIZ menu.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Consider the following statements regarding the Financial Fraud Risk Indicator (FRI): It classifies mobile numbers into Low, Medium, and High-risk categories. Its primary objective is to penalize individuals involved in financial fraud. It alerts banks and UPI platforms when a flagged number is used in a transaction. It is designed to operate reactively after a fraud has occurred. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) Only three (d) All four Correct Solution: a) Statement 1 is incorrect. The FRI categorizes mobile numbers into Medium, High, or Very High risk, not Low, Medium, and High. This nuanced classification helps financial institutions prioritize their responses. Statement 2 is incorrect. The primary objective of FRI is not to penalize individuals directly but to provide advance intelligence to financial institutions to prevent cyber-enabled financial frauds and enable them to take customer protection measures. Statement 3 is correct. A key feature of FRI is its integration with digital payment systems, where it alerts banks and UPI platforms when a flagged number is involved in a transaction. This allows for real-time intervention or enhanced scrutiny. Statement 4 is incorrect. The FRI acts as a proactive cyber shield and a pre-transaction validation tool, aiming to reduce fraud attempts before they are completed, rather than operating reactively. Its strength lies in its preventive capabilities. Incorrect Solution: a) Statement 1 is incorrect. The FRI categorizes mobile numbers into Medium, High, or Very High risk, not Low, Medium, and High. This nuanced classification helps financial institutions prioritize their responses. Statement 2 is incorrect. The primary objective of FRI is not to penalize individuals directly but to provide advance intelligence to financial institutions to prevent cyber-enabled financial frauds and enable them to take customer protection measures. Statement 3 is correct. A key feature of FRI is its integration with digital payment systems, where it alerts banks and UPI platforms when a flagged number is involved in a transaction. This allows for real-time intervention or enhanced scrutiny. Statement 4 is incorrect. The FRI acts as a proactive cyber shield and a pre-transaction validation tool, aiming to reduce fraud attempts before they are completed, rather than operating reactively. Its strength lies in its preventive capabilities.

#### 1. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the Financial Fraud Risk Indicator (FRI):

• It classifies mobile numbers into Low, Medium, and High-risk categories.

• Its primary objective is to penalize individuals involved in financial fraud.

• It alerts banks and UPI platforms when a flagged number is used in a transaction.

• It is designed to operate reactively after a fraud has occurred.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) Only three

• (d) All four

Solution: a)

• Statement 1 is incorrect. The FRI categorizes mobile numbers into Medium, High, or Very High risk, not Low, Medium, and High. This nuanced classification helps financial institutions prioritize their responses.

• Statement 2 is incorrect. The primary objective of FRI is not to penalize individuals directly but to provide advance intelligence to financial institutions to prevent cyber-enabled financial frauds and enable them to take customer protection measures.

• Statement 3 is correct. A key feature of FRI is its integration with digital payment systems, where it alerts banks and UPI platforms when a flagged number is involved in a transaction. This allows for real-time intervention or enhanced scrutiny.

• Statement 4 is incorrect. The FRI acts as a proactive cyber shield and a pre-transaction validation tool, aiming to reduce fraud attempts before they are completed, rather than operating reactively. Its strength lies in its preventive capabilities.

Solution: a)

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following statements regarding the practice of Santhara (Sallekhana) in Jainism: The practice requires the individual to have attained a certain level of spiritual maturity and is ideally undertaken under religious guidance. The Supreme Court of India, in its final judgment, has declared Santhara unconstitutional, equating it with culpable homicide. Key aspects of undertaking Santhara include seeking forgiveness, cultivating detachment, and engaging in spiritual reflection. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 1 is correct as Santhara is not a whimsical act but a profound religious vow taken by individuals who have achieved spiritual maturity and usually under religious supervision. This ensures the vow is undertaken with the correct understanding and intent. Statement 2 is incorrect. While the Rajasthan High Court did declare Santhara illegal in 2015, equating it with suicide, the Supreme Court subsequently stayed this order in August 2015. Currently, Santhara is legally protected as a religious practice under Article 25 of the Constitution (right to religious freedom), provided it is consensual and guided. Statement 3 is correct. The process of Santhara is deeply intertwined with spiritual practices such as seeking forgiveness for past karmas, cultivating detachment from worldly affairs, and intense spiritual reflection, all aimed at purifying the soul. About Santhara (Sallekhana): Definition: Santhara or Sallekhana is a Jain religious vow of voluntary fasting unto death, undertaken to purify the soul and attain moksha. Religious Association: Practiced in Jainism by both monks and laypersons under extreme conditions like terminal illness, old age, or famine. Features: Involves gradual withdrawal from food and water. Taken only with spiritual maturity and under religious supervision. Involves forgiveness, detachment, and spiritual reflection. Legal Status of Santhara in India: 2015 Rajasthan High Court Ruling: Declared Santhara illegal, equating it with suicide under IPC Section 306. Supreme Court Stay: In August 2015, the SC stayed the order, recognising the practice under the constitutional right to religious freedom (Article 25). Current Status: Legally protected as a religious practice, subject to consent and religious guidance. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 1 is correct as Santhara is not a whimsical act but a profound religious vow taken by individuals who have achieved spiritual maturity and usually under religious supervision. This ensures the vow is undertaken with the correct understanding and intent. Statement 2 is incorrect. While the Rajasthan High Court did declare Santhara illegal in 2015, equating it with suicide, the Supreme Court subsequently stayed this order in August 2015. Currently, Santhara is legally protected as a religious practice under Article 25 of the Constitution (right to religious freedom), provided it is consensual and guided. Statement 3 is correct. The process of Santhara is deeply intertwined with spiritual practices such as seeking forgiveness for past karmas, cultivating detachment from worldly affairs, and intense spiritual reflection, all aimed at purifying the soul. About Santhara (Sallekhana): Definition: Santhara or Sallekhana is a Jain religious vow of voluntary fasting unto death, undertaken to purify the soul and attain moksha. Religious Association: Practiced in Jainism by both monks and laypersons under extreme conditions like terminal illness, old age, or famine. Features: Involves gradual withdrawal from food and water. Taken only with spiritual maturity and under religious supervision. Involves forgiveness, detachment, and spiritual reflection. Legal Status of Santhara in India: 2015 Rajasthan High Court Ruling: Declared Santhara illegal, equating it with suicide under IPC Section 306. Supreme Court Stay: In August 2015, the SC stayed the order, recognising the practice under the constitutional right to religious freedom (Article 25). Current Status: Legally protected as a religious practice, subject to consent and religious guidance.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the practice of Santhara (Sallekhana) in Jainism:

• The practice requires the individual to have attained a certain level of spiritual maturity and is ideally undertaken under religious guidance.

• The Supreme Court of India, in its final judgment, has declared Santhara unconstitutional, equating it with culpable homicide.

• Key aspects of undertaking Santhara include seeking forgiveness, cultivating detachment, and engaging in spiritual reflection.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: b)

• Statement 1 is correct as Santhara is not a whimsical act but a profound religious vow taken by individuals who have achieved spiritual maturity and usually under religious supervision. This ensures the vow is undertaken with the correct understanding and intent.

• Statement 2 is incorrect. While the Rajasthan High Court did declare Santhara illegal in 2015, equating it with suicide, the Supreme Court subsequently stayed this order in August 2015. Currently, Santhara is legally protected as a religious practice under Article 25 of the Constitution (right to religious freedom), provided it is consensual and guided.

• Statement 3 is correct. The process of Santhara is deeply intertwined with spiritual practices such as seeking forgiveness for past karmas, cultivating detachment from worldly affairs, and intense spiritual reflection, all aimed at purifying the soul.

About Santhara (Sallekhana):

• Definition: Santhara or Sallekhana is a Jain religious vow of voluntary fasting unto death, undertaken to purify the soul and attain moksha.

• Religious Association: Practiced in Jainism by both monks and laypersons under extreme conditions like terminal illness, old age, or famine.

• Features: Involves gradual withdrawal from food and water. Taken only with spiritual maturity and under religious supervision. Involves forgiveness, detachment, and spiritual reflection.

• Involves gradual withdrawal from food and water.

• Taken only with spiritual maturity and under religious supervision.

• Involves forgiveness, detachment, and spiritual reflection.

Legal Status of Santhara in India:

• 2015 Rajasthan High Court Ruling: Declared Santhara illegal, equating it with suicide under IPC Section 306.

• Supreme Court Stay: In August 2015, the SC stayed the order, recognising the practice under the constitutional right to religious freedom (Article 25).

• Current Status: Legally protected as a religious practice, subject to consent and religious guidance.

Solution: b)

About Santhara (Sallekhana):

• Definition: Santhara or Sallekhana is a Jain religious vow of voluntary fasting unto death, undertaken to purify the soul and attain moksha.

• Religious Association: Practiced in Jainism by both monks and laypersons under extreme conditions like terminal illness, old age, or famine.

• Features: Involves gradual withdrawal from food and water. Taken only with spiritual maturity and under religious supervision. Involves forgiveness, detachment, and spiritual reflection.

• Involves gradual withdrawal from food and water.

• Taken only with spiritual maturity and under religious supervision.

• Involves forgiveness, detachment, and spiritual reflection.

Legal Status of Santhara in India:

• 2015 Rajasthan High Court Ruling: Declared Santhara illegal, equating it with suicide under IPC Section 306.

• Supreme Court Stay: In August 2015, the SC stayed the order, recognising the practice under the constitutional right to religious freedom (Article 25).

• Current Status: Legally protected as a religious practice, subject to consent and religious guidance.

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Consider the following statements regarding ‘Anna Mitra’ initiative. Statement-I: The ‘Anna Mitra’ initiative is a mobile application designed primarily for PM-GKAY beneficiaries to directly register grievances related to food grain distribution. Statement-II: The ‘Anna Mitra’ initiative aims to empower field-level PDS stakeholders like FPS dealers and food inspectors by providing them with real-time data access, stock details, and tools for geo-tagged inspections. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements? (a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I (b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I (c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect (d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct Correct Solution: d) Statement-I is incorrect. The ‘Anna Mitra’ initiative is a mobile app launched for Fair Price Shop (FPS) dealers, District Food and Supplies Officer (DFSO) officers, and food inspectors. Its purpose is to provide them with access to stock details, sales reports, alerts, and enable geo-tagged inspections and stock verifications. The initiative for grievance redressal for PM-GKAY beneficiaries is ‘Anna Sahayata’, which uses WhatsApp, IVRS, and ASR. Statement-II is correct. The primary aim of the ‘Anna Mitra’ initiative is to empower field-level PDS stakeholders by offering them a tool for real-time data access. This includes functionalities like checking stock details, sales reports, receiving alerts, monitoring FPS performance, and conducting geo-tagged inspections and stock verifications, thereby enhancing efficiency and transparency in PDS operations. Incorrect Solution: d) Statement-I is incorrect. The ‘Anna Mitra’ initiative is a mobile app launched for Fair Price Shop (FPS) dealers, District Food and Supplies Officer (DFSO) officers, and food inspectors. Its purpose is to provide them with access to stock details, sales reports, alerts, and enable geo-tagged inspections and stock verifications. The initiative for grievance redressal for PM-GKAY beneficiaries is ‘Anna Sahayata’, which uses WhatsApp, IVRS, and ASR. Statement-II is correct. The primary aim of the ‘Anna Mitra’ initiative is to empower field-level PDS stakeholders by offering them a tool for real-time data access. This includes functionalities like checking stock details, sales reports, receiving alerts, monitoring FPS performance, and conducting geo-tagged inspections and stock verifications, thereby enhancing efficiency and transparency in PDS operations.

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements regarding ‘Anna Mitra’ initiative.

Statement-I: The ‘Anna Mitra’ initiative is a mobile application designed primarily for PM-GKAY beneficiaries to directly register grievances related to food grain distribution.

Statement-II: The ‘Anna Mitra’ initiative aims to empower field-level PDS stakeholders like FPS dealers and food inspectors by providing them with real-time data access, stock details, and tools for geo-tagged inspections.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

• (a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I

• (b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I

• (c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect

• (d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct

Solution: d)

• Statement-I is incorrect. The ‘Anna Mitra’ initiative is a mobile app launched for Fair Price Shop (FPS) dealers, District Food and Supplies Officer (DFSO) officers, and food inspectors. Its purpose is to provide them with access to stock details, sales reports, alerts, and enable geo-tagged inspections and stock verifications. The initiative for grievance redressal for PM-GKAY beneficiaries is ‘Anna Sahayata’, which uses WhatsApp, IVRS, and ASR.

Statement-II is correct. The primary aim of the ‘Anna Mitra’ initiative is to empower field-level PDS stakeholders by offering them a tool for real-time data access. This includes functionalities like checking stock details, sales reports, receiving alerts, monitoring FPS performance, and conducting geo-tagged inspections and stock verifications, thereby enhancing efficiency and transparency in PDS operations.

Solution: d)

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Which of the following accurately describes a significant change in the rights or status of OCI cardholders based on the 2021 notification? (a) OCI cardholders were granted the right to vote in Indian general elections. (b) OCI cardholders were granted parity with Indian citizens for acquiring agricultural land. (c) OCI cardholders were mandated to obtain special permission for pursuing professions like medicine and law. (d) OCI cardholders, for the purposes of the Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA) 2003, are to be treated at par with foreign nationals, reversing earlier parity with NRIs in economic/financial matters. Correct Solution: d) (a) is incorrect. OCI cardholders cannot vote or contest elections; this has been a consistent restriction. (b) is incorrect. OCI cardholders cannot buy agricultural or plantation property; they have parity with NRIs for non-agricultural property. (c) is incorrect. OCI cardholders have parity with NRIs in pursuing professions like doctors, lawyers, architects, and CAs, and this does not typically require special permission once they meet the professional body requirements. Special permission is needed for activities like research, journalism, mountaineering, etc. (d) is correct. OCIs are treated at par with foreign nationals under FEMA 2003, reversing earlier parity with NRIs in economic/financial matters.” This was a key change highlighted by the 2021 notification, impacting their economic and financial transactions and bringing them under the same regulatory framework as other foreign nationals for FEMA purposes, distinct from NRIs who often have a different set of rules. Incorrect Solution: d) (a) is incorrect. OCI cardholders cannot vote or contest elections; this has been a consistent restriction. (b) is incorrect. OCI cardholders cannot buy agricultural or plantation property; they have parity with NRIs for non-agricultural property. (c) is incorrect. OCI cardholders have parity with NRIs in pursuing professions like doctors, lawyers, architects, and CAs, and this does not typically require special permission once they meet the professional body requirements. Special permission is needed for activities like research, journalism, mountaineering, etc. (d) is correct. OCIs are treated at par with foreign nationals under FEMA 2003, reversing earlier parity with NRIs in economic/financial matters.” This was a key change highlighted by the 2021 notification, impacting their economic and financial transactions and bringing them under the same regulatory framework as other foreign nationals for FEMA purposes, distinct from NRIs who often have a different set of rules.

#### 4. Question

Which of the following accurately describes a significant change in the rights or status of OCI cardholders based on the 2021 notification?

• (a) OCI cardholders were granted the right to vote in Indian general elections.

• (b) OCI cardholders were granted parity with Indian citizens for acquiring agricultural land.

• (c) OCI cardholders were mandated to obtain special permission for pursuing professions like medicine and law.

• (d) OCI cardholders, for the purposes of the Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA) 2003, are to be treated at par with foreign nationals, reversing earlier parity with NRIs in economic/financial matters.

Solution: d)

(a) is incorrect. OCI cardholders cannot vote or contest elections; this has been a consistent restriction.

(b) is incorrect. OCI cardholders cannot buy agricultural or plantation property; they have parity with NRIs for non-agricultural property.

(c) is incorrect. OCI cardholders have parity with NRIs in pursuing professions like doctors, lawyers, architects, and CAs, and this does not typically require special permission once they meet the professional body requirements. Special permission is needed for activities like research, journalism, mountaineering, etc.

(d) is correct. OCIs are treated at par with foreign nationals under FEMA 2003, reversing earlier parity with NRIs in economic/financial matters.” This was a key change highlighted by the 2021 notification, impacting their economic and financial transactions and bringing them under the same regulatory framework as other foreign nationals for FEMA purposes, distinct from NRIs who often have a different set of rules.

Solution: d)

(a) is incorrect. OCI cardholders cannot vote or contest elections; this has been a consistent restriction.

(b) is incorrect. OCI cardholders cannot buy agricultural or plantation property; they have parity with NRIs for non-agricultural property.

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Consider the following statements regarding Indonesia’s geography and tectonic setting. Indonesia shares land borders exclusively with Malaysia and Papua New Guinea. The capital city, Jakarta, is located on the island of Borneo (Kalimantan). Indonesia is situated at the junction of the Indo-Australian, Eurasian, and Pacific tectonic plates. The Kapuas River, Indonesia’s longest, is found on the island of Sumatra. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) Only three (d) All four Correct Solution: a) Statement 1 is incorrect. Indonesia shares land borders with Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, and Timor-Leste. Statement 2 is incorrect. The current capital, Jakarta, is located on the island of Java. Indonesia is in the process of relocating its capital to a new city called Nusantara, which will be on the island of Borneo (Kalimantan). Statement 3 is correct. Indonesia is located at the junction of the Indo-Australian, Eurasian, and Pacific plates, making it one of the most seismically and volcanically active regions globally, part of the Pacific Ring of Fire. Statement 4 is incorrect. The Kapuas River, Indonesia’s longest (1,140 km), is located in Kalimantan (the Indonesian part of Borneo), not Sumatra. Incorrect Solution: a) Statement 1 is incorrect. Indonesia shares land borders with Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, and Timor-Leste. Statement 2 is incorrect. The current capital, Jakarta, is located on the island of Java. Indonesia is in the process of relocating its capital to a new city called Nusantara, which will be on the island of Borneo (Kalimantan). Statement 3 is correct. Indonesia is located at the junction of the Indo-Australian, Eurasian, and Pacific plates, making it one of the most seismically and volcanically active regions globally, part of the Pacific Ring of Fire. Statement 4 is incorrect. The Kapuas River, Indonesia’s longest (1,140 km), is located in Kalimantan (the Indonesian part of Borneo), not Sumatra.

#### 5. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Indonesia’s geography and tectonic setting.

• Indonesia shares land borders exclusively with Malaysia and Papua New Guinea.

• The capital city, Jakarta, is located on the island of Borneo (Kalimantan).

• Indonesia is situated at the junction of the Indo-Australian, Eurasian, and Pacific tectonic plates.

• The Kapuas River, Indonesia’s longest, is found on the island of Sumatra.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) Only three

• (d) All four

Solution: a)

• Statement 1 is incorrect. Indonesia shares land borders with Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, and Timor-Leste.

• Statement 2 is incorrect. The current capital, Jakarta, is located on the island of Java. Indonesia is in the process of relocating its capital to a new city called Nusantara, which will be on the island of Borneo (Kalimantan).

• Statement 3 is correct. Indonesia is located at the junction of the Indo-Australian, Eurasian, and Pacific plates, making it one of the most seismically and volcanically active regions globally, part of the Pacific Ring of Fire.

• Statement 4 is incorrect. The Kapuas River, Indonesia’s longest (1,140 km), is located in Kalimantan (the Indonesian part of Borneo), not Sumatra.

Solution: a)

• Statement 1 is incorrect. Indonesia shares land borders with Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, and Timor-Leste.

• Statement 4 is incorrect. The Kapuas River, Indonesia’s longest (1,140 km), is located in Kalimantan (the Indonesian part of Borneo), not Sumatra.

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