UPSC Editorials Quiz : 5 April 2024

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Introducing QUED – Questions from Editorials, an innovative initiative from InsightsIAS. Considering the significant number of questions in previous UPSC Prelims from editorials, practicing MCQs from this perspective can provide an extra edge. While we cover important editorials separately in our Editorial Section and SECURE Initiative, adding QUED to your daily MCQ practice alongside Static Quiz, Current Affairs Quiz, and InstaDART can be crucial for better performance. We recommend utilizing this initiative to enhance your preparation, with 5 MCQs posted daily at 11 am from Monday to Saturday on our website under the QUIZ menu. Best of luck! 🙂

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Consider the following statements regarding Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD). Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) is said to be negative when the western side of the Indian Ocean, near the Somalia coast, becomes warmer than the eastern Indian Ocean. A positive IOD event is often seen developing at times of an El Nino, while a negative IOD is sometimes associated with La Nina. A positive IOD helps rainfall along the African coastline and also over the Indian sub-continent while suppressing rainfall over Indonesia, southeast Asia and Australia. How many of the above statements are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 1 is incorrect. IOD, sometimes referred to as the Indian Nino, is a similar phenomenon, playing out in the relatively smaller area of the Indian Ocean between the Indonesian and Malaysian coastline in the east and the African coastline near Somalia in the west. One side of the ocean, along the equator, gets warmer than the other. IOD is said to be positive when the western side of the Indian Ocean, near the Somalia coast, becomes warmer than the eastern Indian Ocean. It is negative when the western Indian Ocean is cooler. A positive IOD event is often seen developing at times of an El Nino, while a negative IOD is sometimes associated with La Nina. During El Nino, the Pacific side of Indonesia is cooler than normal because of which the Indian Ocean side also gets cooler. That helps the development of a positive IOD. A positive IOD helps rainfall along the African coastline and also over the Indian sub-continent while suppressing rainfall over Indonesia, southeast Asia and Australia. The impacts are opposite during a negative IOD event. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 1 is incorrect. IOD, sometimes referred to as the Indian Nino, is a similar phenomenon, playing out in the relatively smaller area of the Indian Ocean between the Indonesian and Malaysian coastline in the east and the African coastline near Somalia in the west. One side of the ocean, along the equator, gets warmer than the other. IOD is said to be positive when the western side of the Indian Ocean, near the Somalia coast, becomes warmer than the eastern Indian Ocean. It is negative when the western Indian Ocean is cooler. A positive IOD event is often seen developing at times of an El Nino, while a negative IOD is sometimes associated with La Nina. During El Nino, the Pacific side of Indonesia is cooler than normal because of which the Indian Ocean side also gets cooler. That helps the development of a positive IOD. A positive IOD helps rainfall along the African coastline and also over the Indian sub-continent while suppressing rainfall over Indonesia, southeast Asia and Australia. The impacts are opposite during a negative IOD event.

#### 1. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD).

• Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) is said to be negative when the western side of the Indian Ocean, near the Somalia coast, becomes warmer than the eastern Indian Ocean.

• A positive IOD event is often seen developing at times of an El Nino, while a negative IOD is sometimes associated with La Nina.

• A positive IOD helps rainfall along the African coastline and also over the Indian sub-continent while suppressing rainfall over Indonesia, southeast Asia and Australia.

How many of the above statements are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is incorrect.

IOD, sometimes referred to as the Indian Nino, is a similar phenomenon, playing out in the relatively smaller area of the Indian Ocean between the Indonesian and Malaysian coastline in the east and the African coastline near Somalia in the west. One side of the ocean, along the equator, gets warmer than the other. IOD is said to be positive when the western side of the Indian Ocean, near the Somalia coast, becomes warmer than the eastern Indian Ocean. It is negative when the western Indian Ocean is cooler.

A positive IOD event is often seen developing at times of an El Nino, while a negative IOD is sometimes associated with La Nina. During El Nino, the Pacific side of Indonesia is cooler than normal because of which the Indian Ocean side also gets cooler. That helps the development of a positive IOD.

A positive IOD helps rainfall along the African coastline and also over the Indian sub-continent while suppressing rainfall over Indonesia, southeast Asia and Australia. The impacts are opposite during a negative IOD event.

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is incorrect.

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following statements regarding Hypersonic missile. A hypersonic missile is a weapon system which flies at least five times the speed of sound. Unlike a ballistic missile, it follows a set course. At present only China and United States possess Hypersonic missiles. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: a) Only statement 1 is correct. A hypersonic missile is a weapon system which flies at least at the speed of Mach 5 i.e. five times the speed of sound and is manoeuvrable. The manoeuvrability of the hypersonic missile is what sets it apart from a ballistic missile as the latter follows a set course or a ballistic trajectory. Thus, unlike ballistic missiles, hypersonic missiles do not follow a ballistic trajectory and can be manoeuvred to the intended target. The two types of hypersonic weapons systems are Hypersonic Glide Vehicles (HGV) and Hypersonic Cruise Missiles. The HGV are launched from a rocket before gliding to the intended target while the hypersonic cruise missile is powered by air breathing high speed engines or ‘scramjets’ after acquiring their target. While the US, Russia and China are in advanced stages of hypersonic missile programmes, India, France, Germany, Japan and Australia too are developing hypersonic weapons. India is also developing an indigenous, dual capable (conventional as well as nuclear) hypersonic cruise missile as part of its Hypersonic Technology Demonstrator Vehicle programme. Incorrect Solution: a) Only statement 1 is correct. A hypersonic missile is a weapon system which flies at least at the speed of Mach 5 i.e. five times the speed of sound and is manoeuvrable. The manoeuvrability of the hypersonic missile is what sets it apart from a ballistic missile as the latter follows a set course or a ballistic trajectory. Thus, unlike ballistic missiles, hypersonic missiles do not follow a ballistic trajectory and can be manoeuvred to the intended target. The two types of hypersonic weapons systems are Hypersonic Glide Vehicles (HGV) and Hypersonic Cruise Missiles. The HGV are launched from a rocket before gliding to the intended target while the hypersonic cruise missile is powered by air breathing high speed engines or ‘scramjets’ after acquiring their target. While the US, Russia and China are in advanced stages of hypersonic missile programmes, India, France, Germany, Japan and Australia too are developing hypersonic weapons. India is also developing an indigenous, dual capable (conventional as well as nuclear) hypersonic cruise missile as part of its Hypersonic Technology Demonstrator Vehicle programme.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Hypersonic missile.

• A hypersonic missile is a weapon system which flies at least five times the speed of sound.

• Unlike a ballistic missile, it follows a set course.

• At present only China and United States possess Hypersonic missiles.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: a)

Only statement 1 is correct.

A hypersonic missile is a weapon system which flies at least at the speed of Mach 5 i.e. five times the speed of sound and is manoeuvrable. The manoeuvrability of the hypersonic missile is what sets it apart from a ballistic missile as the latter follows a set course or a ballistic trajectory. Thus, unlike ballistic missiles, hypersonic missiles do not follow a ballistic trajectory and can be manoeuvred to the intended target.

The two types of hypersonic weapons systems are Hypersonic Glide Vehicles (HGV) and Hypersonic Cruise Missiles. The HGV are launched from a rocket before gliding to the intended target while the hypersonic cruise missile is powered by air breathing high speed engines or ‘scramjets’ after acquiring their target.

While the US, Russia and China are in advanced stages of hypersonic missile programmes, India, France, Germany, Japan and Australia too are developing hypersonic weapons.

India is also developing an indigenous, dual capable (conventional as well as nuclear) hypersonic cruise missile as part of its Hypersonic Technology Demonstrator Vehicle programme.

Solution: a)

Only statement 1 is correct.

While the US, Russia and China are in advanced stages of hypersonic missile programmes, India, France, Germany, Japan and Australia too are developing hypersonic weapons.

India is also developing an indigenous, dual capable (conventional as well as nuclear) hypersonic cruise missile as part of its Hypersonic Technology Demonstrator Vehicle programme.

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Consider the following statements regarding Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC). BIMSTEC is a regional organisation that was established with the signing of the Bangkok Declaration. Thailand was the last country to join BIMSTEC. Foreign Ministers’ meeting of BIMSTEC is held annually since the inception of BIMSTEC. How many of the above statements are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: a) Only statement 1 is correct. The first-ever Foreign Ministers’ meeting of the Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) was held in Bangkok, Thailand, on July 17, 2023. BIMSTEC is a regional organisation that was established in 1997 with the signing of the Bangkok Declaration. Initially known as BIST-EC (Bangladesh-India-Sri Lanka-Thailand Economic Cooperation), the organisation is now known as BIMSTEC and comprises seven members, with Myanmar joining towards the end of 1997, and Bhutan and Nepal in 2004. Incorrect Solution: a) Only statement 1 is correct. The first-ever Foreign Ministers’ meeting of the Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) was held in Bangkok, Thailand, on July 17, 2023. BIMSTEC is a regional organisation that was established in 1997 with the signing of the Bangkok Declaration. Initially known as BIST-EC (Bangladesh-India-Sri Lanka-Thailand Economic Cooperation), the organisation is now known as BIMSTEC and comprises seven members, with Myanmar joining towards the end of 1997, and Bhutan and Nepal in 2004.

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC).

• BIMSTEC is a regional organisation that was established with the signing of the Bangkok Declaration.

• Thailand was the last country to join BIMSTEC.

• Foreign Ministers’ meeting of BIMSTEC is held annually since the inception of BIMSTEC.

How many of the above statements are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: a)

Only statement 1 is correct.

The first-ever Foreign Ministers’ meeting of the Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) was held in Bangkok, Thailand, on July 17, 2023.

BIMSTEC is a regional organisation that was established in 1997 with the signing of the Bangkok Declaration. Initially known as BIST-EC (Bangladesh-India-Sri Lanka-Thailand Economic Cooperation), the organisation is now known as BIMSTEC and comprises seven members, with Myanmar joining towards the end of 1997, and Bhutan and Nepal in 2004.

Solution: a)

Only statement 1 is correct.

The first-ever Foreign Ministers’ meeting of the Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) was held in Bangkok, Thailand, on July 17, 2023.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Consider the following statements regarding Constitution bench. It is the name given to the benches of the Supreme Court of India which consist of at least three judges of the supreme court. The President of India has the power to constitute a Constitution Benchand refer cases to it. The Constitution of India does not mention about Constitution bench. How many of the above statements are incorrect? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: c) Constitution bench: It is the name given to the benches of the Supreme Court of India which consist of at least *five judges of the court *which sit to decide any case: ○ Involving a substantial question of law as to the interpretation” of the Constitution of India ○ For the purpose of hearing any reference” made by the *President of India under Article 143.* This provision has been mandated by Article 145 (3) of the Constitutionof India. The Chief Justice of India**has the *power to constitute a Constitution Bench *and refer cases to it. Incorrect Solution: c) Constitution bench: It is the name given to the benches of the Supreme Court of India which consist of at least five judges* of the court *which sit to decide any case: ○ Involving a substantial question of law as to the interpretation” of the Constitution of India ○ For the purpose of hearing any reference” made by the *President of India under Article 143.* This provision has been mandated by Article 145 (3) of the Constitutionof India. The Chief Justice of India**has the *power to constitute a Constitution Bench* and refer cases to it.

#### 4. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Constitution bench.

• It is the name given to the benches of the Supreme Court of India which consist of at least three judges of the supreme court.

• The President of India has the power to constitute a Constitution Benchand refer cases to it.

• The Constitution of India does not mention about Constitution bench.

How many of the above statements are incorrect?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: c)

Constitution bench:

It is the name given to the benches of the Supreme Court of India which consist of at least *five judges* of the court which sit to decide any case:

○ Involving a substantial question of law as to the interpretation” of the Constitution of India

○ For the purpose of hearing any reference” made by the President of India under Article 143.

• This provision has been mandated by *Article 145 (3) of the Constitution*of India.

• The *Chief Justice of India*has the *power to constitute a Constitution Bench* and refer cases to it.

Solution: c)

Constitution bench:

It is the name given to the benches of the Supreme Court of India which consist of at least *five judges* of the court which sit to decide any case:

○ Involving a substantial question of law as to the interpretation” of the Constitution of India

○ For the purpose of hearing any reference” made by the President of India under Article 143.

• This provision has been mandated by *Article 145 (3) of the Constitution*of India.

• The *Chief Justice of India*has the *power to constitute a Constitution Bench* and refer cases to it.

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Consider the following statements. Nickel is a hard and ductile transition metal. The iron ore limonite is an economically important source of nickel. Nickel is used to make batteries for electric cars and motorcycles. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only One (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: c) Nickel is a chemical element with symbol Ni and atomic number 28. It is a silvery-white lustrous metal with a slight golden tinge. Nickel is a hard and ductile transition metal. An economically important source of nickel is the iron ore limonite, which is often 1–2% nickel. Nickel, a mineral used to make batteries for electric cars and motorcycles. Indonesia boasts the Earth’s largest reserves. But harvesting and refining those stocks is largely dependent on investment and technology. Incorrect Solution: c) Nickel is a chemical element with symbol Ni and atomic number 28. It is a silvery-white lustrous metal with a slight golden tinge. Nickel is a hard and ductile transition metal. An economically important source of nickel is the iron ore limonite, which is often 1–2% nickel. Nickel, a mineral used to make batteries for electric cars and motorcycles. Indonesia boasts the Earth’s largest reserves. But harvesting and refining those stocks is largely dependent on investment and technology.

#### 5. Question

Consider the following statements.

• Nickel is a hard and ductile transition metal.

• The iron ore limonite is an economically important source of nickel.

• Nickel is used to make batteries for electric cars and motorcycles.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) Only One

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: c)

Nickel is a chemical element with symbol Ni and atomic number 28. It is a silvery-white lustrous metal with a slight golden tinge. Nickel is a hard and ductile transition metal.

An economically important source of nickel is the iron ore limonite, which is often 1–2% nickel.

Nickel, a mineral used to make batteries for electric cars and motorcycles.

Indonesia boasts the Earth’s largest reserves. But harvesting and refining those stocks is largely dependent on investment and technology.

Solution: c)

Nickel is a chemical element with symbol Ni and atomic number 28. It is a silvery-white lustrous metal with a slight golden tinge. Nickel is a hard and ductile transition metal.

An economically important source of nickel is the iron ore limonite, which is often 1–2% nickel.

Nickel, a mineral used to make batteries for electric cars and motorcycles.

Indonesia boasts the Earth’s largest reserves. But harvesting and refining those stocks is largely dependent on investment and technology.

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