UPSC Editorials Quiz : 31 January 2025

Introducing QUED – Questions from Editorials (UPSC Editorials Quiz) , an innovative initiative from InsightsIAS. Considering the significant number of questions in previous UPSC Prelims from editorials, practicing MCQs from this perspective can provide an extra edge. While we cover important editorials separately in our Editorial Section and SECURE Initiative, adding QUED (UPSC Editorials Quiz) to your daily MCQ practice alongside Static Quiz, Current Affairs Quiz, and InstaDART can be crucial for better performance. We recommend utilizing this initiative to enhance your preparation, with 5 MCQs posted daily at 11 am from Monday to Saturday on our website under the QUIZ menu.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Which of the following accurately describes the Munich Agreement of 1938? a) It was a non-aggression pact signed between the United States and Germany. b) It was a treaty to end World War II. c) It was a peace treaty signed between Germany and the Soviet Union. d) It allowed Nazi Germany to annex the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia. Correct Solution: d) The Munich Agreement, signed in 1938, was a deal between Germany, France, Great Britain, and Italy, which permitted Nazi Germany to annex the Sudetenland, a border region of Czechoslovakia with a significant ethnic German population. Czechoslovakia, despite being directly affected, was not involved in the negotiations. The agreement, championed by British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain, was an attempt to appease Adolf Hitler and maintain peace. However, Hitler violated it within six months by invading the rest of Czechoslovakia, marking the failure of the appeasement policy. Incorrect Solution: d) The Munich Agreement, signed in 1938, was a deal between Germany, France, Great Britain, and Italy, which permitted Nazi Germany to annex the Sudetenland, a border region of Czechoslovakia with a significant ethnic German population. Czechoslovakia, despite being directly affected, was not involved in the negotiations. The agreement, championed by British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain, was an attempt to appease Adolf Hitler and maintain peace. However, Hitler violated it within six months by invading the rest of Czechoslovakia, marking the failure of the appeasement policy.

#### 1. Question

Which of the following accurately describes the Munich Agreement of 1938?

• a) It was a non-aggression pact signed between the United States and Germany.

• b) It was a treaty to end World War II.

• c) It was a peace treaty signed between Germany and the Soviet Union.

• d) It allowed Nazi Germany to annex the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia.

Solution: d)

• The Munich Agreement, signed in 1938, was a deal between Germany, France, Great Britain, and Italy, which permitted Nazi Germany to annex the Sudetenland, a border region of Czechoslovakia with a significant ethnic German population. Czechoslovakia, despite being directly affected, was not involved in the negotiations.

• The agreement, championed by British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain, was an attempt to appease Adolf Hitler and maintain peace.

• However, Hitler violated it within six months by invading the rest of Czechoslovakia, marking the failure of the appeasement policy.

Solution: d)

• The agreement, championed by British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain, was an attempt to appease Adolf Hitler and maintain peace.

• However, Hitler violated it within six months by invading the rest of Czechoslovakia, marking the failure of the appeasement policy.

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following statements about the Indian Gray Wolf: It is listed in Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act of 1972 in India, granting it the highest level of protection. The Indian Gray Wolf is classified under Appendix III of CITES, reflecting its vulnerability in international trade. The Indian Gray Wolf is a critically endangered species, as per the IUCN Red List. Which of the statements given above is correct? a) 1 only b) 2 only c) 1 and 3 only d) 3 only Correct Solution: a) The Indian Gray Wolf (Canis lupus pallipes) is a subspecies of the gray wolf found in semi-arid and grassland regions of India. It is highly adapted to its environment and plays a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance. Statement 1 is correct as the Indian Gray Wolf is listed under Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, affording it the highest level of legal protection against hunting and trade. Statement 2 is incorrect because the species is listed under Appendix I of CITES, which includes species threatened with extinction and requires the strictest regulations in international trade. Appendix III is for species that need specific cooperation from other countries for conservation, which is not the case for the Indian Gray Wolf. Statement 3 is incorrect since, according to the IUCN Red List, the Indian Gray Wolf is classified as “Least Concern,” meaning it is not critically endangered. However, habitat loss and human-wildlife conflict pose significant threats to its population. Incorrect Solution: a) The Indian Gray Wolf (Canis lupus pallipes) is a subspecies of the gray wolf found in semi-arid and grassland regions of India. It is highly adapted to its environment and plays a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance. Statement 1 is correct as the Indian Gray Wolf is listed under Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, affording it the highest level of legal protection against hunting and trade. Statement 2 is incorrect because the species is listed under Appendix I of CITES, which includes species threatened with extinction and requires the strictest regulations in international trade. Appendix III is for species that need specific cooperation from other countries for conservation, which is not the case for the Indian Gray Wolf. Statement 3 is incorrect since, according to the IUCN Red List, the Indian Gray Wolf is classified as “Least Concern,” meaning it is not critically endangered. However, habitat loss and human-wildlife conflict pose significant threats to its population.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements about the Indian Gray Wolf:

• It is listed in Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act of 1972 in India, granting it the highest level of protection.

• The Indian Gray Wolf is classified under Appendix III of CITES, reflecting its vulnerability in international trade.

• The Indian Gray Wolf is a critically endangered species, as per the IUCN Red List.

Which of the statements given above is correct?

• c) 1 and 3 only

Solution: a)

The Indian Gray Wolf (Canis lupus pallipes) is a subspecies of the gray wolf found in semi-arid and grassland regions of India. It is highly adapted to its environment and plays a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance.

Statement 1 is correct as the Indian Gray Wolf is listed under Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, affording it the highest level of legal protection against hunting and trade.

Statement 2 is incorrect because the species is listed under Appendix I of CITES, which includes species threatened with extinction and requires the strictest regulations in international trade. Appendix III is for species that need specific cooperation from other countries for conservation, which is not the case for the Indian Gray Wolf.

Statement 3 is incorrect since, according to the IUCN Red List, the Indian Gray Wolf is classified as “Least Concern,” meaning it is not critically endangered. However, habitat loss and human-wildlife conflict pose significant threats to its population.

Solution: a)

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Which body of water does Sudan share a coastline with? a) Atlantic Ocean b) Arabian Sea c) Red Sea d) Mediterranean Sea Correct Solution: c) Sudan shares a coastline along the Red Sea, located on its eastern border. This coastline is crucial for Sudan’s maritime trade, fishing industry, and access to international shipping routes. The Port of Sudan, the country’s primary seaport, serves as a major gateway for exports and imports, particularly for oil, agricultural products, and manufactured goods. Sudan’s strategic location on the Red Sea is significant due to its proximity to the Bab el Mandeb Strait, a critical chokepoint for global maritime trade connecting the Indian Ocean to the Mediterranean via the Suez Canal. This region is also important for international geopolitics, given the presence of global naval forces and strategic investments from nations like China, Russia, and the Gulf states in the Red Sea’s ports and trade infrastructure. Incorrect Solution: c) Sudan shares a coastline along the Red Sea, located on its eastern border. This coastline is crucial for Sudan’s maritime trade, fishing industry, and access to international shipping routes. The Port of Sudan, the country’s primary seaport, serves as a major gateway for exports and imports, particularly for oil, agricultural products, and manufactured goods. Sudan’s strategic location on the Red Sea is significant due to its proximity to the Bab el Mandeb Strait, a critical chokepoint for global maritime trade connecting the Indian Ocean to the Mediterranean via the Suez Canal. This region is also important for international geopolitics, given the presence of global naval forces and strategic investments from nations like China, Russia, and the Gulf states in the Red Sea’s ports and trade infrastructure.

#### 3. Question

Which body of water does Sudan share a coastline with?

• a) Atlantic Ocean

• b) Arabian Sea

• c) Red Sea

• d) Mediterranean Sea

Solution: c)

Sudan shares a coastline along the Red Sea, located on its eastern border. This coastline is crucial for Sudan’s maritime trade, fishing industry, and access to international shipping routes. The Port of Sudan, the country’s primary seaport, serves as a major gateway for exports and imports, particularly for oil, agricultural products, and manufactured goods.

Sudan’s strategic location on the Red Sea is significant due to its proximity to the Bab el Mandeb Strait, a critical chokepoint for global maritime trade connecting the Indian Ocean to the Mediterranean via the Suez Canal. This region is also important for international geopolitics, given the presence of global naval forces and strategic investments from nations like China, Russia, and the Gulf states in the Red Sea’s ports and trade infrastructure.

Solution: c)

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Match the following terms with their descriptions in the context of wildlife conservation: List I (Term) List II (Description) A. IUCN Least Concern 1. International trade in species is regulated B. CITES Appendix I 2. Highest level of protection under Indian law C. Wildlife (Protection) Act, Schedule I 3. Species not currently at significant global risk D. Endangered 4. Species at high risk of extinction in the wild a) A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4 b) A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4 c) A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2 d) A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3 Correct Solution: a) A. IUCN Least Concern (3) → Species not currently at significant global risk. The IUCN Red List classifies species based on their risk of extinction, and “Least Concern” refers to species that are widespread and abundant, facing no immediate threats. B. CITES Appendix I (1) → International trade in species is regulated. The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) lists species in Appendix I that are threatened with extinction, where commercial trade is strictly prohibited, except in exceptional cases. C. Wildlife (Protection) Act, Schedule I (2) → Highest level of protection under Indian law. In India, Schedule I species under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, receive the highest legal protection, with severe penalties for poaching or harming them. D. Endangered (4) → Species at high risk of extinction in the wild. The IUCN Red List classifies “Endangered” species as those facing a very high risk of extinction due to habitat loss, poaching, or other threats. Incorrect Solution: a) A. IUCN Least Concern (3) → Species not currently at significant global risk. The IUCN Red List classifies species based on their risk of extinction, and “Least Concern” refers to species that are widespread and abundant, facing no immediate threats. B. CITES Appendix I (1) → International trade in species is regulated. The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) lists species in Appendix I that are threatened with extinction, where commercial trade is strictly prohibited, except in exceptional cases. C. Wildlife (Protection) Act, Schedule I (2) → Highest level of protection under Indian law. In India, Schedule I species under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, receive the highest legal protection, with severe penalties for poaching or harming them. D. Endangered (4) → Species at high risk of extinction in the wild. The IUCN Red List classifies “Endangered” species as those facing a very high risk of extinction due to habitat loss, poaching, or other threats.

#### 4. Question

Match the following terms with their descriptions in the context of wildlife conservation:

List I (Term) | List II (Description)

A. IUCN Least Concern | 1. International trade in species is regulated

B. CITES Appendix I | 2. Highest level of protection under Indian law

C. Wildlife (Protection) Act, Schedule I | 3. Species not currently at significant global risk

D. Endangered | 4. Species at high risk of extinction in the wild

• a) A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4

• b) A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4

• c) A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2

• d) A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3

Solution: a)

A. IUCN Least Concern (3) → Species not currently at significant global risk.

• The IUCN Red List classifies species based on their risk of extinction, and “Least Concern” refers to species that are widespread and abundant, facing no immediate threats.

B. CITES Appendix I (1) → International trade in species is regulated.

• The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) lists species in Appendix I that are threatened with extinction, where commercial trade is strictly prohibited, except in exceptional cases.

C. Wildlife (Protection) Act, Schedule I (2) → Highest level of protection under Indian law.

• In India, Schedule I species under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, receive the highest legal protection, with severe penalties for poaching or harming them.

D. Endangered (4) → Species at high risk of extinction in the wild.

• The IUCN Red List classifies “Endangered” species as those facing a very high risk of extinction due to habitat loss, poaching, or other threats.

Solution: a)

A. IUCN Least Concern (3) → Species not currently at significant global risk.

• The IUCN Red List classifies species based on their risk of extinction, and “Least Concern” refers to species that are widespread and abundant, facing no immediate threats.

B. CITES Appendix I (1) → International trade in species is regulated.

C. Wildlife (Protection) Act, Schedule I (2) → Highest level of protection under Indian law.

• In India, Schedule I species under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, receive the highest legal protection, with severe penalties for poaching or harming them.

D. Endangered (4) → Species at high risk of extinction in the wild.

• The IUCN Red List classifies “Endangered” species as those facing a very high risk of extinction due to habitat loss, poaching, or other threats.

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Consider the following statements regarding mitochondrial dynamics in Parkinson’s disease: Mitochondria are static structures that maintain a fixed size and location in the cell. Imbalances in mitochondrial dynamics are linked to neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson’s disease. Mitochondrial dysfunction is considered one of the underlying causes of the cell death observed in Parkinson’s disease. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 1 is incorrect Mitochondria are dynamic structures, constantly changing in size, number, and location within the cell to meet cellular energy demands. Imbalances in this dynamic process, particularly excessive mitochondrial fragmentation, have been linked to neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease. Mitochondrial dysfunction, including impaired energy production, is a key factor in the death of neurons in Parkinson’s, contributing to the progressive nature of the disease. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 1 is incorrect Mitochondria are dynamic structures, constantly changing in size, number, and location within the cell to meet cellular energy demands. Imbalances in this dynamic process, particularly excessive mitochondrial fragmentation, have been linked to neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease. Mitochondrial dysfunction, including impaired energy production, is a key factor in the death of neurons in Parkinson’s, contributing to the progressive nature of the disease.

#### 5. Question

Consider the following statements regarding mitochondrial dynamics in Parkinson’s disease:

• Mitochondria are static structures that maintain a fixed size and location in the cell.

• Imbalances in mitochondrial dynamics are linked to neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson’s disease.

• Mitochondrial dysfunction is considered one of the underlying causes of the cell death observed in Parkinson’s disease.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is incorrect

Mitochondria are dynamic structures, constantly changing in size, number, and location within the cell to meet cellular energy demands. Imbalances in this dynamic process, particularly excessive mitochondrial fragmentation, have been linked to neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease. Mitochondrial dysfunction, including impaired energy production, is a key factor in the death of neurons in Parkinson’s, contributing to the progressive nature of the disease.

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is incorrect

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