UPSC Editorials Quiz : 31 December 2024

Introducing QUED – Questions from Editorials (UPSC Editorials Quiz) , an innovative initiative from InsightsIAS. Considering the significant number of questions in previous UPSC Prelims from editorials, practicing MCQs from this perspective can provide an extra edge. While we cover important editorials separately in our Editorial Section and SECURE Initiative, adding QUED (UPSC Editorials Quiz) to your daily MCQ practice alongside Static Quiz, Current Affairs Quiz, and InstaDART can be crucial for better performance. We recommend utilizing this initiative to enhance your preparation, with 5 MCQs posted daily at 11 am from Monday to Saturday on our website under the QUIZ menu.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Somalia is located in which region of Africa? a) Southern Africa b) Western Africa c) Horn of Africa d) Central Africa Correct Solution: c) Somalia is situated in the Horn of Africa, Eastern Africa, with a significant coastline along the Indian Ocean. About Somalia: Location:Located in the Horn of Africa, Eastern Africa. Capital: Neighbours:Ethiopia, Djibouti, and Kenya; coastline along the Indian Ocean. Incorrect Solution: c) Somalia is situated in the Horn of Africa, Eastern Africa, with a significant coastline along the Indian Ocean. About Somalia: Location:Located in the Horn of Africa, Eastern Africa. Capital: Neighbours:Ethiopia, Djibouti, and Kenya; coastline along the Indian Ocean.

#### 1. Question

Somalia is located in which region of Africa?

• a) Southern Africa

• b) Western Africa

• c) Horn of Africa

• d) Central Africa

Solution: c)

Somalia is situated in the Horn of Africa, Eastern Africa, with a significant coastline along the Indian Ocean.

About Somalia:

• Location:Located in the Horn of Africa, Eastern Africa.

• Capital:

• Neighbours:Ethiopia, Djibouti, and Kenya; coastline along the Indian Ocean.

Solution: c)

Somalia is situated in the Horn of Africa, Eastern Africa, with a significant coastline along the Indian Ocean.

About Somalia:

• Location:Located in the Horn of Africa, Eastern Africa.

• Capital:

• Neighbours:Ethiopia, Djibouti, and Kenya; coastline along the Indian Ocean.

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following statements regarding India’s initiatives to enhance economic cooperation: Neighbourhood First Policy focuses solely on digital connectivity in the SAARC region. India-Sri Lanka Cooperation aims at developing Trincomalee as an energy hub. Kaladan Multimodal Transit Transport Project aims to improve trade connectivity with Myanmar. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) The Neighbourhood First Policy is a cornerstone of India’s foreign policy aimed at fostering economic, cultural, and strategic ties with neighboring countries, primarily within the SAARC region. While digital connectivity is a part of this policy, its scope is much broader, encompassing trade, infrastructure, and energy cooperation. Hence, Statement 1 is incorrect. Statement 2 is correct as India-Sri Lanka Cooperation includes the development of Trincomalee as a major energy hub, which is pivotal for bilateral economic ties and regional energy security. This initiative also aligns with India’s interest in enhancing energy infrastructure in the Indian Ocean region. Statement 3 is correct since the Kaladan Multimodal Transit Transport Project aims to enhance trade connectivity with Myanmar. It links India’s northeastern states with Myanmar through integrated waterways and road networks. Incorrect Solution: b) The Neighbourhood First Policy is a cornerstone of India’s foreign policy aimed at fostering economic, cultural, and strategic ties with neighboring countries, primarily within the SAARC region. While digital connectivity is a part of this policy, its scope is much broader, encompassing trade, infrastructure, and energy cooperation. Hence, Statement 1 is incorrect. Statement 2 is correct as India-Sri Lanka Cooperation includes the development of Trincomalee as a major energy hub, which is pivotal for bilateral economic ties and regional energy security. This initiative also aligns with India’s interest in enhancing energy infrastructure in the Indian Ocean region. Statement 3 is correct since the Kaladan Multimodal Transit Transport Project aims to enhance trade connectivity with Myanmar. It links India’s northeastern states with Myanmar through integrated waterways and road networks.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements regarding India’s initiatives to enhance economic cooperation:

• Neighbourhood First Policy focuses solely on digital connectivity in the SAARC region.

• India-Sri Lanka Cooperation aims at developing Trincomalee as an energy hub.

• Kaladan Multimodal Transit Transport Project aims to improve trade connectivity with Myanmar.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

The Neighbourhood First Policy is a cornerstone of India’s foreign policy aimed at fostering economic, cultural, and strategic ties with neighboring countries, primarily within the SAARC region.

While digital connectivity is a part of this policy, its scope is much broader, encompassing trade, infrastructure, and energy cooperation. Hence, Statement 1 is incorrect.

Statement 2 is correct as India-Sri Lanka Cooperation includes the development of Trincomalee as a major energy hub, which is pivotal for bilateral economic ties and regional energy security. This initiative also aligns with India’s interest in enhancing energy infrastructure in the Indian Ocean region.

Statement 3 is correct since the Kaladan Multimodal Transit Transport Project aims to enhance trade connectivity with Myanmar. It links India’s northeastern states with Myanmar through integrated waterways and road networks.

Solution: b)

While digital connectivity is a part of this policy, its scope is much broader, encompassing trade, infrastructure, and energy cooperation. Hence, Statement 1 is incorrect.

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Which parameter is associated with addressing the social determinants of health equity? a) Financial protection b) Quality of care c) Access to clean water and education d) Gender parity Correct Solution: c) What is Health Equity? Health equity ensures that everyone has a fair opportunity to achieve their highest health potential, addressing avoidable disparities caused by social, economic, and environmental factors. Various Parameters of Health Equity Access to Healthcare:Equitable distribution of hospitals, health workers, and medicines in rural and urban areas. Financial Protection:Reducing out-of-pocket healthcare expenditures and ensuring insurance coverage. Gender Parity:Equal healthcare access for women, men, and non-binary individuals. Social Determinants:Addressing poverty, education, housing, and clean water to improve health outcomes. Quality of Care:Ensuring timely, affordable, and standardized healthcare services for all. Incorrect Solution: c) What is Health Equity? Health equity ensures that everyone has a fair opportunity to achieve their highest health potential, addressing avoidable disparities caused by social, economic, and environmental factors. Various Parameters of Health Equity Access to Healthcare:Equitable distribution of hospitals, health workers, and medicines in rural and urban areas. Financial Protection:Reducing out-of-pocket healthcare expenditures and ensuring insurance coverage. Gender Parity:Equal healthcare access for women, men, and non-binary individuals. Social Determinants:Addressing poverty, education, housing, and clean water to improve health outcomes. Quality of Care:Ensuring timely, affordable, and standardized healthcare services for all.

#### 3. Question

Which parameter is associated with addressing the social determinants of health equity?

• a) Financial protection

• b) Quality of care

• c) Access to clean water and education

• d) Gender parity

Solution: c)

What is Health Equity?

Health equity ensures that everyone has a fair opportunity to achieve their highest health potential, addressing avoidable disparities caused by social, economic, and environmental factors.

Various Parameters of Health Equity

• Access to Healthcare:Equitable distribution of hospitals, health workers, and medicines in rural and urban areas.

• Financial Protection:Reducing out-of-pocket healthcare expenditures and ensuring insurance coverage.

• Gender Parity:Equal healthcare access for women, men, and non-binary individuals.

• Social Determinants:Addressing poverty, education, housing, and clean water to improve health outcomes.

• Quality of Care:Ensuring timely, affordable, and standardized healthcare services for all.

Solution: c)

What is Health Equity?

Health equity ensures that everyone has a fair opportunity to achieve their highest health potential, addressing avoidable disparities caused by social, economic, and environmental factors.

Various Parameters of Health Equity

• Access to Healthcare:Equitable distribution of hospitals, health workers, and medicines in rural and urban areas.

• Financial Protection:Reducing out-of-pocket healthcare expenditures and ensuring insurance coverage.

• Gender Parity:Equal healthcare access for women, men, and non-binary individuals.

• Social Determinants:Addressing poverty, education, housing, and clean water to improve health outcomes.

• Quality of Care:Ensuring timely, affordable, and standardized healthcare services for all.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Consider the following statements regarding the carbon market: Carbon credits permit the emission of one tonne of CO2 or its equivalent. Carbon offsets involve funding renewable energy or afforestation projects. The price of carbon credits is fixed globally. Which of the above statements is/are correct? a) 1 only b) 1 and 2 only c) 2 and 3 only d) 1, 2 and 3 Correct Solution: b) Statement 1 is correct as carbon credits represent one tonne of CO2 or equivalent. Statement 2 is correct because offsets are used for funding activities like renewable energy. Statement 3 is incorrect since carbon credit prices are determined by market forces, not fixed globally. What is a Carbon Market? A carbon marketenables the trading of carbon credits, granting the holder the right to emit one tonne of carbon dioxide (CO2) or its equivalent. These markets operate on the principle of limiting emissions and allocating rights through tradable credits or offsets. Origin:Introduced in the U.S. during the 1990s under the cap-and-trade system for controlling sulphur dioxide emissions. Working of a Carbon Market: Issuance of Carbon Credits: Governments allocate a limited number of carbon credits, restricting total emissions. Each credit permits the emission of one tonne of CO2. Trading: Companies that need more credits can buy from those with surplus. Market forces determine the price based on supply and demand. Offsets: Companies purchase offsets by funding activities like afforestation or renewable energy projects to balance their emissions. International Mechanism: Articles 6.2 and 6.4 of the Paris Agreement allow cross-border trading of emission reductions. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 1 is correct as carbon credits represent one tonne of CO2 or equivalent. Statement 2 is correct because offsets are used for funding activities like renewable energy. Statement 3 is incorrect since carbon credit prices are determined by market forces, not fixed globally. What is a Carbon Market? A carbon marketenables the trading of carbon credits, granting the holder the right to emit one tonne of carbon dioxide (CO2) or its equivalent. These markets operate on the principle of limiting emissions and allocating rights through tradable credits or offsets. Origin:Introduced in the U.S. during the 1990s under the cap-and-trade system for controlling sulphur dioxide emissions. Working of a Carbon Market: Issuance of Carbon Credits: Governments allocate a limited number of carbon credits, restricting total emissions. Each credit permits the emission of one tonne of CO2. Trading: Companies that need more credits can buy from those with surplus. Market forces determine the price based on supply and demand. Offsets: Companies purchase offsets by funding activities like afforestation or renewable energy projects to balance their emissions. International Mechanism: Articles 6.2 and 6.4 of the Paris Agreement allow cross-border trading of emission reductions.

#### 4. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the carbon market:

• Carbon credits permit the emission of one tonne of CO2 or its equivalent.

• Carbon offsets involve funding renewable energy or afforestation projects.

• The price of carbon credits is fixed globally.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• b) 1 and 2 only

• c) 2 and 3 only

• d) 1, 2 and 3

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is correct as carbon credits represent one tonne of CO2 or equivalent.

Statement 2 is correct because offsets are used for funding activities like renewable energy.

Statement 3 is incorrect since carbon credit prices are determined by market forces, not fixed globally.

What is a Carbon Market?

• A carbon marketenables the trading of carbon credits, granting the holder the right to emit one tonne of carbon dioxide (CO2) or its equivalent.

• These markets operate on the principle of limiting emissions and allocating rights through tradable credits or offsets.

• Origin:Introduced in the U.S. during the 1990s under the cap-and-trade system for controlling sulphur dioxide emissions.

Working of a Carbon Market:

Issuance of Carbon Credits:

• Governments allocate a limited number of carbon credits, restricting total emissions.

• Each credit permits the emission of one tonne of CO2.

Trading:

• Companies that need more credits can buy from those with surplus.

• Market forces determine the price based on supply and demand.

Offsets:

• Companies purchase offsets by funding activities like afforestation or renewable energy projects to balance their emissions.

International Mechanism:

• Articles 6.2 and 6.4 of the Paris Agreement allow cross-border trading of emission reductions.

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is correct as carbon credits represent one tonne of CO2 or equivalent.

Statement 2 is correct because offsets are used for funding activities like renewable energy.

Statement 3 is incorrect since carbon credit prices are determined by market forces, not fixed globally.

What is a Carbon Market?

• A carbon marketenables the trading of carbon credits, granting the holder the right to emit one tonne of carbon dioxide (CO2) or its equivalent.

• These markets operate on the principle of limiting emissions and allocating rights through tradable credits or offsets.

• Origin:Introduced in the U.S. during the 1990s under the cap-and-trade system for controlling sulphur dioxide emissions.

Working of a Carbon Market:

Issuance of Carbon Credits:

• Governments allocate a limited number of carbon credits, restricting total emissions.

• Each credit permits the emission of one tonne of CO2.

Trading:

• Companies that need more credits can buy from those with surplus.

• Market forces determine the price based on supply and demand.

Offsets:

• Companies purchase offsets by funding activities like afforestation or renewable energy projects to balance their emissions.

International Mechanism:

• Articles 6.2 and 6.4 of the Paris Agreement allow cross-border trading of emission reductions.

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Consider the following statements regarding Perform, Achieve, Trade (PAT) Scheme. Statement-I: The PAT Scheme targets industries to improve energy efficiency by setting specific goals. Statement-II: The PAT Scheme also allows trading surplus energy savings among industries. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements? a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct Correct Solution: a) The Perform, Achieve, Trade (PAT) Scheme is a flagship initiative under the National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency (NMEEE), targeting energy-intensive industries. Statement-I is correct because the PAT Scheme mandates specific energy efficiency targets for designated consumers (DCs) in sectors such as cement, power, and steel, aiming to reduce their energy consumption. Statement-II is also correct because the scheme incorporates a trading mechanism. Industries that exceed their targets generate Energy Saving Certificates (ESCerts), which can be sold to those failing to meet their targets. This feature creates a market-driven approach to energy efficiency, incentivizing industries to achieve and even exceed their goals. Additionally, the PAT Scheme not only drives energy conservation but also reduces greenhouse gas emissions, aligning with India’s broader sustainability objectives. Incorrect Solution: a) The Perform, Achieve, Trade (PAT) Scheme is a flagship initiative under the National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency (NMEEE), targeting energy-intensive industries. Statement-I is correct because the PAT Scheme mandates specific energy efficiency targets for designated consumers (DCs) in sectors such as cement, power, and steel, aiming to reduce their energy consumption. Statement-II is also correct because the scheme incorporates a trading mechanism. Industries that exceed their targets generate Energy Saving Certificates (ESCerts), which can be sold to those failing to meet their targets. This feature creates a market-driven approach to energy efficiency, incentivizing industries to achieve and even exceed their goals. Additionally, the PAT Scheme not only drives energy conservation but also reduces greenhouse gas emissions, aligning with India’s broader sustainability objectives.

#### 5. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Perform, Achieve, Trade (PAT) Scheme.

Statement-I: The PAT Scheme targets industries to improve energy efficiency by setting specific goals. Statement-II: The PAT Scheme also allows trading surplus energy savings among industries.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

• a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I

• b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I

• c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect

• d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct

Solution: a)

The Perform, Achieve, Trade (PAT) Scheme is a flagship initiative under the National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency (NMEEE), targeting energy-intensive industries.

Statement-I is correct because the PAT Scheme mandates specific energy efficiency targets for designated consumers (DCs) in sectors such as cement, power, and steel, aiming to reduce their energy consumption.

Statement-II is also correct because the scheme incorporates a trading mechanism. Industries that exceed their targets generate Energy Saving Certificates (ESCerts), which can be sold to those failing to meet their targets. This feature creates a market-driven approach to energy efficiency, incentivizing industries to achieve and even exceed their goals.

Additionally, the PAT Scheme not only drives energy conservation but also reduces greenhouse gas emissions, aligning with India’s broader sustainability objectives.

Solution: a)

The Perform, Achieve, Trade (PAT) Scheme is a flagship initiative under the National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency (NMEEE), targeting energy-intensive industries.

Additionally, the PAT Scheme not only drives energy conservation but also reduces greenhouse gas emissions, aligning with India’s broader sustainability objectives.

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