UPSC Editorials Quiz : 29 May 2025

Introducing QUED – Questions from Editorials (UPSC Editorials Quiz) , an innovative initiative from InsightsIAS. Considering the significant number of questions in previous UPSC Prelims from editorials, practicing MCQs from this perspective can provide an extra edge. While we cover important editorials separately in our Editorial Section and SECURE Initiative, adding QUED (UPSC Editorials Quiz) to your daily MCQ practice alongside Static Quiz, Current Affairs Quiz, and InstaDART can be crucial for better performance. We recommend utilizing this initiative to enhance your preparation, with 5 MCQs posted daily at 11 am from Monday to Saturday on our website under the QUIZ menu.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Consider the following statements. Statement-I: The Supreme Court of India has held that the right to digital access forms an intrinsic part of the right to life and personal liberty under Article 21 of the Constitution. Statement-II: The increasing dependence on online identity verification for governance and welfare delivery necessitates that digital infrastructure be inclusive and accessible to all citizens, including persons with disabilities. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements? a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I (c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect (d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct Correct Solution: a) Statement-I is correct. The Supreme Court has expanded the ambit of Article 21 (right to life and liberty) to include the right to digital access. This recognition elevates digital accessibility from a mere convenience to a constitutionally protected right. Statement-II is also correct. Modern governance and the delivery of welfare services are increasingly shifting to digital platforms, which often rely on online identity verification. If these digital infrastructures are not inclusive and accessible, they can exclude significant portions of the population, particularly persons with disabilities and marginalized communities, thereby denying them essential services and participation. Statement-II provides a strong rationale for Statement-I. Incorrect Solution: a) Statement-I is correct. The Supreme Court has expanded the ambit of Article 21 (right to life and liberty) to include the right to digital access. This recognition elevates digital accessibility from a mere convenience to a constitutionally protected right. Statement-II is also correct. Modern governance and the delivery of welfare services are increasingly shifting to digital platforms, which often rely on online identity verification. If these digital infrastructures are not inclusive and accessible, they can exclude significant portions of the population, particularly persons with disabilities and marginalized communities, thereby denying them essential services and participation. Statement-II provides a strong rationale for Statement-I.

#### 1. Question

Consider the following statements.

Statement-I: The Supreme Court of India has held that the right to digital access forms an intrinsic part of the right to life and personal liberty under Article 21 of the Constitution.

Statement-II: The increasing dependence on online identity verification for governance and welfare delivery necessitates that digital infrastructure be inclusive and accessible to all citizens, including persons with disabilities.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

• a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I

• b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I

• (c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect

• (d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct

Solution: a)

• Statement-I is correct. The Supreme Court has expanded the ambit of Article 21 (right to life and liberty) to include the right to digital access. This recognition elevates digital accessibility from a mere convenience to a constitutionally protected right.

• Statement-II is also correct. Modern governance and the delivery of welfare services are increasingly shifting to digital platforms, which often rely on online identity verification. If these digital infrastructures are not inclusive and accessible, they can exclude significant portions of the population, particularly persons with disabilities and marginalized communities, thereby denying them essential services and participation.

• Statement-II provides a strong rationale for Statement-I.

Solution: a)

• Statement-II provides a strong rationale for Statement-I.

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following statements regarding the transfer of High Court judges in India: Article 222(1) of the Constitution empowers the President to transfer a High Court judge only with the explicit consent of the concerned judge. The proposal for the transfer of a High Court judge is initiated by the Chief Justice of India, who must consult the Chief Justices of both the transferring and receiving High Courts. Which of the above statements is/are correct? (a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 Correct Solution: b) Statement 1 is incorrect. Article 222(1) of the Constitution empowers the President to transfer a judge from one High Court to another in consultation with the Chief Justice of India (CJI). The consent of the judge being transferred is not required, as established by Supreme Court judgments like Union of India vs. Sankalchand Himatlal Sheth (1977) and reiterated in the context of the Collegium system. Statement 2 is correct. The proposal for transferring a High Court judge should be initiated by the CJI. The CJI is required to take the views of the Chief Justice of the High Court from which the judge is proposed to be transferred and the Chief Justice of the High Court to which the transfer is proposed to be effected. What are Judicial Transfers? Judicial transfer refers to moving a judge from one High Court to another based on administrative needs or public interest. Constitutional Provision: Article 222(1) of the Constitution empowers the President to transfer a judge in consultation with the Chief Justice of India (CJI). Procedure of Judicial Transfers: Initiation: Proposed by the CJI, considering judicial performance and administrative grounds. Consultation: Mandatory with CJs of both High Courts and senior SC judges familiar with the judge’s work. Collegium Recommendation: For judges, it includes the CJI and two senior-most SC judges; for CJs, the full 5-member collegium is involved. Executive Approval: Law Ministry processes the file to PM to President grants final approval. Notification: Department of Justice issues transfer orders via Gazette. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 1 is incorrect. Article 222(1) of the Constitution empowers the President to transfer a judge from one High Court to another in consultation with the Chief Justice of India (CJI). The consent of the judge being transferred is not required, as established by Supreme Court judgments like Union of India vs. Sankalchand Himatlal Sheth (1977) and reiterated in the context of the Collegium system. Statement 2 is correct. The proposal for transferring a High Court judge should be initiated by the CJI. The CJI is required to take the views of the Chief Justice of the High Court from which the judge is proposed to be transferred and the Chief Justice of the High Court to which the transfer is proposed to be effected. What are Judicial Transfers? Judicial transfer refers to moving a judge from one High Court to another based on administrative needs or public interest. Constitutional Provision: Article 222(1) of the Constitution empowers the President to transfer a judge in consultation with the Chief Justice of India (CJI). Procedure of Judicial Transfers: Initiation: Proposed by the CJI, considering judicial performance and administrative grounds. Consultation: Mandatory with CJs of both High Courts and senior SC judges familiar with the judge’s work. Collegium Recommendation: For judges, it includes the CJI and two senior-most SC judges; for CJs, the full 5-member collegium is involved. Executive Approval: Law Ministry processes the file to PM to President grants final approval. Notification: Department of Justice issues transfer orders via Gazette.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the transfer of High Court judges in India:

• Article 222(1) of the Constitution empowers the President to transfer a High Court judge only with the explicit consent of the concerned judge.

• The proposal for the transfer of a High Court judge is initiated by the Chief Justice of India, who must consult the Chief Justices of both the transferring and receiving High Courts.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) 1 only

• (b) 2 only

• (c) Both 1 and 2

• (d) Neither 1 nor 2

Solution: b)

• Statement 1 is incorrect. Article 222(1) of the Constitution empowers the President to transfer a judge from one High Court to another in consultation with the Chief Justice of India (CJI). The consent of the judge being transferred is not required, as established by Supreme Court judgments like Union of India vs. Sankalchand Himatlal Sheth (1977) and reiterated in the context of the Collegium system.

• Statement 2 is correct. The proposal for transferring a High Court judge should be initiated by the CJI. The CJI is required to take the views of the Chief Justice of the High Court from which the judge is proposed to be transferred and the Chief Justice of the High Court to which the transfer is proposed to be effected.

• What are Judicial Transfers?

• Judicial transfer refers to moving a judge from one High Court to another based on administrative needs or public interest.

• Constitutional Provision:

• Article 222(1) of the Constitution empowers the President to transfer a judge in consultation with the Chief Justice of India (CJI).

• Procedure of Judicial Transfers:

• Initiation: Proposed by the CJI, considering judicial performance and administrative grounds. Consultation: Mandatory with CJs of both High Courts and senior SC judges familiar with the judge’s work. Collegium Recommendation: For judges, it includes the CJI and two senior-most SC judges; for CJs, the full 5-member collegium is involved. Executive Approval: Law Ministry processes the file to PM to President grants final approval. Notification: Department of Justice issues transfer orders via Gazette.

• Initiation: Proposed by the CJI, considering judicial performance and administrative grounds.

• Consultation: Mandatory with CJs of both High Courts and senior SC judges familiar with the judge’s work.

• Collegium Recommendation: For judges, it includes the CJI and two senior-most SC judges; for CJs, the full 5-member collegium is involved.

• Executive Approval: Law Ministry processes the file to PM to President grants final approval.

• Notification: Department of Justice issues transfer orders via Gazette.

Solution: b)

• What are Judicial Transfers?

• Judicial transfer refers to moving a judge from one High Court to another based on administrative needs or public interest.

• Constitutional Provision:

• Article 222(1) of the Constitution empowers the President to transfer a judge in consultation with the Chief Justice of India (CJI).

• Procedure of Judicial Transfers:

• Initiation: Proposed by the CJI, considering judicial performance and administrative grounds.

• Consultation: Mandatory with CJs of both High Courts and senior SC judges familiar with the judge’s work.

• Collegium Recommendation: For judges, it includes the CJI and two senior-most SC judges; for CJs, the full 5-member collegium is involved.

• Executive Approval: Law Ministry processes the file to PM to President grants final approval.

• Notification: Department of Justice issues transfer orders via Gazette.

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Consider the following statements about the Indian Yak: Its scientific name is Bos grunniens and it belongs to the Bovini tribe. The yak is crucial for livelihood security in Himalayan economies, providing milk, meat, wool, and transport. The species plays no significant ecological role in the alpine meadows it inhabits. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 1 is correct. The Indian Yak is scientifically known as *Bos grunniens and belongs to the Bovini tribe, which also includes other bovines like cattle, buffalo, and bison. Statement 2 is correct. The yak is often referred to as the ‘ship of the Himalayas’ and is a lifeline for nomadic and pastoral communities. It provides essential resources such as milk, meat, wool, hide, dung for fuel, and serves as a mode of transport, contributing significantly to livelihood security in these eco-fragile zones. Statement 3 is incorrect. The Indian Yak plays an integral ecological role in maintaining grassland balance and pastoral sustainability in alpine meadows. As a grazer, it influences vegetation structure and nutrient cycling, contributing to the health of its high-altitude ecosystem. It is not an ecologically neutral species. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 1 is correct. The Indian Yak is scientifically known as Bos grunniens and belongs to the Bovini tribe, which also includes other bovines like cattle, buffalo, and bison. Statement 2 is correct. The yak is often referred to as the ‘ship of the Himalayas’ and is a lifeline for nomadic and pastoral communities. It provides essential resources such as milk, meat, wool, hide, dung for fuel, and serves as a mode of transport, contributing significantly to livelihood security in these eco-fragile zones. Statement 3 is incorrect. The Indian Yak plays an integral ecological role in maintaining grassland balance and pastoral sustainability in alpine meadows*. As a grazer, it influences vegetation structure and nutrient cycling, contributing to the health of its high-altitude ecosystem. It is not an ecologically neutral species.

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements about the Indian Yak:

• Its scientific name is Bos grunniens and it belongs to the Bovini tribe.

• The yak is crucial for livelihood security in Himalayan economies, providing milk, meat, wool, and transport.

• The species plays no significant ecological role in the alpine meadows it inhabits.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: b)

• Statement 1 is correct. The Indian Yak is scientifically known as *Bos grunniens and belongs to the Bovini tribe*, which also includes other bovines like cattle, buffalo, and bison.

• Statement 2 is correct. The yak is often referred to as the ‘ship of the Himalayas’ and is a lifeline for nomadic and pastoral communities. It provides essential resources such as milk, meat, wool, hide, dung for fuel, and serves as a mode of transport, contributing significantly to livelihood security in these eco-fragile zones.

• Statement 3 is incorrect. The Indian Yak plays an integral ecological role in maintaining grassland balance and pastoral sustainability in alpine meadows. As a grazer, it influences vegetation structure and nutrient cycling, contributing to the health of its high-altitude ecosystem. It is not an ecologically neutral species.

Solution: b)

• Statement 1 is correct. The Indian Yak is scientifically known as *Bos grunniens and belongs to the Bovini tribe*, which also includes other bovines like cattle, buffalo, and bison.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Consider the following statements regarding the Supreme Court’s advisory jurisdiction: Article 143(2) pertains to questions of law or fact of public importance arising post-independence. The Berubari Union Case (1960) was an instance where this jurisdiction was invoked concerning the transfer of territory. In 1993, the Supreme Court declined to give its opinion in the reference concerning the Ayodhya site, citing political sensitivity. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only c) 1 and 3 only d) 1, 2 and 3 Correct Solution: b) Statement 1 is incorrect. Article 143(2) of the Constitution specifically refers to matters related to pre-constitutional treaties, agreements, covenants, engagements, sanads or other similar instruments, especially those concerning former princely states. It is not for general questions of law or fact arising post-independence, which fall under Article 143(1). Statement 2 is correct. The Berubari Union Case (1960) is a landmark instance where the President invoked the Supreme Court’s advisory jurisdiction under Article 143(1). The reference sought the Court’s opinion on the modalities and constitutional requirements for the transfer of territory (Berubari Union) to Pakistan. Statement 3 is correct. In 1993, the President made a reference to the Supreme Court under Article 143(1) concerning certain questions related to the Ayodhya site dispute. The Supreme Court, exercising its discretion, declined to answer the reference, deeming it politically sensitive and not conducive to a judicial opinion under its advisory jurisdiction. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 1 is incorrect. Article 143(2) of the Constitution specifically refers to matters related to pre-constitutional treaties, agreements, covenants, engagements, sanads or other similar instruments, especially those concerning former princely states. It is not for general questions of law or fact arising post-independence, which fall under Article 143(1). Statement 2 is correct. The Berubari Union Case (1960) is a landmark instance where the President invoked the Supreme Court’s advisory jurisdiction under Article 143(1). The reference sought the Court’s opinion on the modalities and constitutional requirements for the transfer of territory (Berubari Union) to Pakistan. Statement 3 is correct. In 1993, the President made a reference to the Supreme Court under Article 143(1) concerning certain questions related to the Ayodhya site dispute. The Supreme Court, exercising its discretion, declined to answer the reference, deeming it politically sensitive and not conducive to a judicial opinion under its advisory jurisdiction.

#### 4. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the Supreme Court’s advisory jurisdiction:

• Article 143(2) pertains to questions of law or fact of public importance arising post-independence.

• The Berubari Union Case (1960) was an instance where this jurisdiction was invoked concerning the transfer of territory.

• In 1993, the Supreme Court declined to give its opinion in the reference concerning the Ayodhya site, citing political sensitivity.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

• a) 1 and 2 only

• b) 2 and 3 only

• c) 1 and 3 only

• d) 1, 2 and 3

Solution: b)

• Statement 1 is incorrect. Article 143(2) of the Constitution specifically refers to matters related to pre-constitutional treaties, agreements, covenants, engagements, sanads or other similar instruments, especially those concerning former princely states. It is not for general questions of law or fact arising post-independence, which fall under Article 143(1).

• Statement 2 is correct. The Berubari Union Case (1960) is a landmark instance where the President invoked the Supreme Court’s advisory jurisdiction under Article 143(1). The reference sought the Court’s opinion on the modalities and constitutional requirements for the transfer of territory (Berubari Union) to Pakistan.

• Statement 3 is correct. In 1993, the President made a reference to the Supreme Court under Article 143(1) concerning certain questions related to the Ayodhya site dispute. The Supreme Court, exercising its discretion, declined to answer the reference, deeming it politically sensitive and not conducive to a judicial opinion under its advisory jurisdiction.

Solution: b)

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Consider the following statements regarding the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA): Its Statute was adopted in 1956 and came into force in 1957. The IAEA functions independently of the United Nations system. One of its key functions is to manage nuclear and radiological emergencies through its Incident and Emergency Centre (IEC). How many of the above statements is/are incorrect? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: a) Statement 1 is correct. The Statute of the IAEA was adopted on 23 October 1956 and it came into force on 29 July 1957. This marks the formal establishment of the agency. Statement 2 is incorrect. While the IAEA functions with a degree of operational independence, it is part of the United Nations system, often referred to as an autonomous organization within the UN family. It reports to both the UN General Assembly and the Security Council, especially on matters of non-compliance with safeguards obligations or threats to international peace and security. Statement 3 is correct. A key function of the IAEA is emergency response. It operates the Incident and Emergency Centre (IEC), which is the global focal point for international preparedness and response to nuclear or radiological incidents and emergencies, providing assistance and coordinating efforts among member states. Incorrect Solution: a) Statement 1 is correct. The Statute of the IAEA was adopted on 23 October 1956 and it came into force on 29 July 1957. This marks the formal establishment of the agency. Statement 2 is incorrect. While the IAEA functions with a degree of operational independence, it is part of the United Nations system, often referred to as an autonomous organization within the UN family. It reports to both the UN General Assembly and the Security Council, especially on matters of non-compliance with safeguards obligations or threats to international peace and security. Statement 3 is correct. A key function of the IAEA is emergency response. It operates the Incident and Emergency Centre (IEC), which is the global focal point for international preparedness and response to nuclear or radiological incidents and emergencies, providing assistance and coordinating efforts among member states.

#### 5. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA):

• Its Statute was adopted in 1956 and came into force in 1957.

• The IAEA functions independently of the United Nations system.

• One of its key functions is to manage nuclear and radiological emergencies through its Incident and Emergency Centre (IEC).

How many of the above statements is/are incorrect?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: a)

• Statement 1 is correct. The Statute of the IAEA was adopted on 23 October 1956 and it came into force on 29 July 1957. This marks the formal establishment of the agency.

• Statement 2 is incorrect. While the IAEA functions with a degree of operational independence, it is part of the United Nations system, often referred to as an autonomous organization within the UN family. It reports to both the UN General Assembly and the Security Council, especially on matters of non-compliance with safeguards obligations or threats to international peace and security.

• Statement 3 is correct. A key function of the IAEA is emergency response. It operates the Incident and Emergency Centre (IEC), which is the global focal point for international preparedness and response to nuclear or radiological incidents and emergencies, providing assistance and coordinating efforts among member states.

Solution: a)

• Statement 1 is correct. The Statute of the IAEA was adopted on 23 October 1956 and it came into force on 29 July 1957. This marks the formal establishment of the agency.

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