UPSC Editorials Quiz : 28 October 2024

Introducing QUED – Questions from Editorials (UPSC Editorials Quiz) , an innovative initiative from InsightsIAS. Considering the significant number of questions in previous UPSC Prelims from editorials, practicing MCQs from this perspective can provide an extra edge. While we cover important editorials separately in our Editorial Section and SECURE Initiative, adding QUED (UPSC Editorials Quiz) to your daily MCQ practice alongside Static Quiz, Current Affairs Quiz, and InstaDART can be crucial for better performance. We recommend utilizing this initiative to enhance your preparation, with 5 MCQs posted daily at 11 am from Monday to Saturday on our website under the QUIZ menu.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Consider the following statements regarding Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD): USSD works only in 4G and 5G networks. USSD does not require an internet connection to function. USSD messages are limited to 182 characters. USSD can be used for various mobile services, including banking and call forwarding. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) Only three d) All four Correct Solution: c) Statement 1 is incorrect because USSD works on 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G networks, providing a versatile option that does not require the advanced data capabilities of 4G or 5G. USSD is a technology that allows users to interact with service providers over a GSM network without needing an internet connection, making it accessible even on basic mobile phones. This makes Statement 2 correct. Statement 3 is correct, as USSD messages are limited to 182 characters, which is enough for basic information exchange or quick commands. Statement 4 is correct, since USSD is widely used for various mobile services such as mobile banking, checking account balances, recharging prepaid accounts, and enabling features like call forwarding. Incorrect Solution: c) Statement 1 is incorrect because USSD works on 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G networks, providing a versatile option that does not require the advanced data capabilities of 4G or 5G. USSD is a technology that allows users to interact with service providers over a GSM network without needing an internet connection, making it accessible even on basic mobile phones. This makes Statement 2 correct. Statement 3 is correct, as USSD messages are limited to 182 characters, which is enough for basic information exchange or quick commands. Statement 4 is correct, since USSD is widely used for various mobile services such as mobile banking, checking account balances, recharging prepaid accounts, and enabling features like call forwarding.

#### 1. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD):

• USSD works only in 4G and 5G networks.

• USSD does not require an internet connection to function.

• USSD messages are limited to 182 characters.

• USSD can be used for various mobile services, including banking and call forwarding.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) Only three

• d) All four

Solution: c)

Statement 1 is incorrect because USSD works on 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G networks, providing a versatile option that does not require the advanced data capabilities of 4G or 5G.

USSD is a technology that allows users to interact with service providers over a GSM network without needing an internet connection, making it accessible even on basic mobile phones. This makes Statement 2 correct.

Statement 3 is correct, as USSD messages are limited to 182 characters, which is enough for basic information exchange or quick commands.

Statement 4 is correct, since USSD is widely used for various mobile services such as mobile banking, checking account balances, recharging prepaid accounts, and enabling features like call forwarding.

Solution: c)

Statement 1 is incorrect because USSD works on 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G networks, providing a versatile option that does not require the advanced data capabilities of 4G or 5G.

Statement 3 is correct, as USSD messages are limited to 182 characters, which is enough for basic information exchange or quick commands.

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Which of the following statements is incorrect about how a hydrogen fuel cell works? a) Hydrogen molecules are split into protons and electrons at the anode of the fuel cell. b) Electrons flow from the anode to the cathode through the electrolyte, generating an electric current. c) Water is formed at the cathode by combining protons, electrons, and oxygen from the air. d) The only byproducts of the fuel cell reaction are water vapor and heat. Correct Solution: b) In a hydrogen fuel cell, hydrogen molecules are split into protons and electrons at the anode (Statement a). The electrons do not travel through the electrolyte; instead, they flow from the anode to the cathode through an external circuit, creating an electric current. The electrolyte selectively allows only the protons (positively charged particles) to pass through it to the cathode, ensuring that electrons take the external path to generate usable electricity. At the cathode, protons, electrons, and oxygen from the air combine to form water (Statement c), producing water vapor and heat as byproducts (Statement d). This efficient process of generating electricity with minimal byproducts makes hydrogen fuel cells a promising clean energy source. Incorrect Solution: b) In a hydrogen fuel cell, hydrogen molecules are split into protons and electrons at the anode (Statement a). The electrons do not travel through the electrolyte; instead, they flow from the anode to the cathode through an external circuit, creating an electric current. The electrolyte selectively allows only the protons (positively charged particles) to pass through it to the cathode, ensuring that electrons take the external path to generate usable electricity. At the cathode, protons, electrons, and oxygen from the air combine to form water (Statement c), producing water vapor and heat as byproducts (Statement d). This efficient process of generating electricity with minimal byproducts makes hydrogen fuel cells a promising clean energy source.

#### 2. Question

Which of the following statements is incorrect about how a hydrogen fuel cell works?

• a) Hydrogen molecules are split into protons and electrons at the anode of the fuel cell.

• b) Electrons flow from the anode to the cathode through the electrolyte, generating an electric current.

• c) Water is formed at the cathode by combining protons, electrons, and oxygen from the air.

• d) The only byproducts of the fuel cell reaction are water vapor and heat.

Solution: b)

In a hydrogen fuel cell, hydrogen molecules are split into protons and electrons at the anode (Statement a).

The electrons do not travel through the electrolyte; instead, they flow from the anode to the cathode through an external circuit, creating an electric current. The electrolyte selectively allows only the protons (positively charged particles) to pass through it to the cathode, ensuring that electrons take the external path to generate usable electricity.

At the cathode, protons, electrons, and oxygen from the air combine to form water (Statement c), producing water vapor and heat as byproducts (Statement d). This efficient process of generating electricity with minimal byproducts makes hydrogen fuel cells a promising clean energy source.

Solution: b)

In a hydrogen fuel cell, hydrogen molecules are split into protons and electrons at the anode (Statement a).

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Consider the following statements about the purpose and impact of the Moonlight Programme: The programme aims to provide high-speed communication and support autonomous landings on the lunar surface. Moonlight’s infrastructure is expected to replace the need for standalone communication systems in future lunar missions. The project is being developed exclusively by the European Space Agency (ESA) without international collaboration. Which of the above statements is/are correct? a) 1 and 2 only b) 1 and 3 only c) 2 and 3 only d) 1, 2, and 3 Correct Solution: a) The Moonlight Programme, led by the European Space Agency (ESA), aims to establish a reliable, high-speed communication and navigation network around the Moon. This infrastructure is designed to support essential functions like high-speed communication, data relay, and autonomous landings on the lunar surface, making Statement 1 correct. Statement 2 is also correct because Moonlight’s infrastructure is intended to provide a centralized communication and navigation system. This will eliminate the need for every lunar mission to carry its own standalone systems, thereby reducing costs and complexities for future lunar missions. However, the programme involves international collaboration, especially with NASA’s Artemis programme and the Artemis Gateway project, making statement 3 incorrect. Incorrect Solution: a) The Moonlight Programme, led by the European Space Agency (ESA), aims to establish a reliable, high-speed communication and navigation network around the Moon. This infrastructure is designed to support essential functions like high-speed communication, data relay, and autonomous landings on the lunar surface, making Statement 1 correct. Statement 2 is also correct because Moonlight’s infrastructure is intended to provide a centralized communication and navigation system. This will eliminate the need for every lunar mission to carry its own standalone systems, thereby reducing costs and complexities for future lunar missions. However, the programme involves international collaboration, especially with NASA’s Artemis programme and the Artemis Gateway project, making statement 3 incorrect.

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements about the purpose and impact of the Moonlight Programme:

• The programme aims to provide high-speed communication and support autonomous landings on the lunar surface.

• Moonlight’s infrastructure is expected to replace the need for standalone communication systems in future lunar missions.

• The project is being developed exclusively by the European Space Agency (ESA) without international collaboration.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) 1 and 2 only

• b) 1 and 3 only

• c) 2 and 3 only

• d) 1, 2, and 3

Solution: a)

The Moonlight Programme, led by the European Space Agency (ESA), aims to establish a reliable, high-speed communication and navigation network around the Moon. This infrastructure is designed to support essential functions like high-speed communication, data relay, and autonomous landings on the lunar surface, making Statement 1 correct.

Statement 2 is also correct because Moonlight’s infrastructure is intended to provide a centralized communication and navigation system. This will eliminate the need for every lunar mission to carry its own standalone systems, thereby reducing costs and complexities for future lunar missions.

However, the programme involves international collaboration, especially with NASA’s Artemis programme and the Artemis Gateway project, making statement 3 incorrect.

Solution: a)

However, the programme involves international collaboration, especially with NASA’s Artemis programme and the Artemis Gateway project, making statement 3 incorrect.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Consider the following statements about the purpose of bioluminescence in marine life: Bioluminescence can help marine species escape predators by acting as a defense mechanism. Marine organisms use bioluminescence for communication among their species. Bioluminescence helps marine life absorb light for photosynthesis. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Bioluminescence, the natural production of light by organisms, serves several functions in marine species. Statement 1 is correct as bioluminescence can act as a defense mechanism, helping marine organisms escape predators by creating sudden flashes or glowing displays that startle or distract threats. Additionally, some species release bioluminescent chemicals to create a “smokescreen” effect, confusing predators. Statement 2 is also correct because bioluminescence is used for communication among marine species. This can include signaling to attract mates or coordinating hunting activities within groups. Statement 3 is incorrect since bioluminescence does not aid in photosynthesis. Photosynthesis requires sunlight, which is absent in the deep sea, where many bioluminescent organisms live. Instead, bioluminescence is a self-produced light mechanism independent of sunlight. Incorrect Solution: b) Bioluminescence, the natural production of light by organisms, serves several functions in marine species. Statement 1 is correct as bioluminescence can act as a defense mechanism, helping marine organisms escape predators by creating sudden flashes or glowing displays that startle or distract threats. Additionally, some species release bioluminescent chemicals to create a “smokescreen” effect, confusing predators. Statement 2 is also correct because bioluminescence is used for communication among marine species. This can include signaling to attract mates or coordinating hunting activities within groups. Statement 3 is incorrect since bioluminescence does not aid in photosynthesis. Photosynthesis requires sunlight, which is absent in the deep sea, where many bioluminescent organisms live. Instead, bioluminescence is a self-produced light mechanism independent of sunlight.

#### 4. Question

Consider the following statements about the purpose of bioluminescence in marine life:

• Bioluminescence can help marine species escape predators by acting as a defense mechanism.

• Marine organisms use bioluminescence for communication among their species.

• Bioluminescence helps marine life absorb light for photosynthesis.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Bioluminescence, the natural production of light by organisms, serves several functions in marine species. Statement 1 is correct as bioluminescence can act as a defense mechanism, helping marine organisms escape predators by creating sudden flashes or glowing displays that startle or distract threats. Additionally, some species release bioluminescent chemicals to create a “smokescreen” effect, confusing predators.

Statement 2 is also correct because bioluminescence is used for communication among marine species. This can include signaling to attract mates or coordinating hunting activities within groups.

Statement 3 is incorrect since bioluminescence does not aid in photosynthesis. Photosynthesis requires sunlight, which is absent in the deep sea, where many bioluminescent organisms live. Instead, bioluminescence is a self-produced light mechanism independent of sunlight.

Solution: b)

Statement 2 is also correct because bioluminescence is used for communication among marine species. This can include signaling to attract mates or coordinating hunting activities within groups.

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Which of the following statements is incorrect about India’s SSBNs (Submersible Ship Ballistic Nuclear submarines)? a) INS Arihant is equipped with K-15 SLBMs (Submarine-Launched Ballistic Missiles) with a range of 750 km. b) The S4 SSBN will be more advanced in terms of size and missile range than INS Arihant. c) SSBNs play a critical role in maintaining India's nuclear deterrence through their second-strike capability. d) India’s SSBNs require frequent surfacing due to their conventional propulsion systems. Correct Solution: d) Statement d is incorrect because India’s SSBNs (Submersible Ship Ballistic Nuclear submarines), such as the INS Arihant, are equipped with nuclear propulsion systems. Nuclear propulsion enables SSBNs to remain submerged for extended periods without needing to surface frequently, which is essential for their strategic role in providing a stealthy second-strike capability Statement a is correct, as INS Arihant is armed with K-15 SLBMs (Submarine-Launched Ballistic Missiles) with a range of approximately 750 km, enhancing India’s ability to conduct retaliatory strikes if necessary. Statement b is also correct since the upcoming S4-class SSBN is expected to be larger and capable of carrying missiles with a greater range than INS Arihant. Statement c is correct, as SSBNs are central to India’s nuclear triad and ensure credible nuclear deterrence by maintaining second-strike capability, thus reinforcing India’s defense posture. Incorrect Solution: d) Statement d is incorrect because India’s SSBNs (Submersible Ship Ballistic Nuclear submarines), such as the INS Arihant, are equipped with nuclear propulsion systems. Nuclear propulsion enables SSBNs to remain submerged for extended periods without needing to surface frequently, which is essential for their strategic role in providing a stealthy second-strike capability Statement a is correct, as INS Arihant is armed with K-15 SLBMs (Submarine-Launched Ballistic Missiles) with a range of approximately 750 km, enhancing India’s ability to conduct retaliatory strikes if necessary. Statement b is also correct since the upcoming S4-class SSBN is expected to be larger and capable of carrying missiles with a greater range than INS Arihant. Statement c is correct, as SSBNs are central to India’s nuclear triad* and ensure credible nuclear deterrence by maintaining second-strike capability, thus reinforcing India’s defense posture.

#### 5. Question

Which of the following statements is incorrect about India’s SSBNs (Submersible Ship Ballistic Nuclear submarines)?

• a) INS Arihant is equipped with K-15 SLBMs (Submarine-Launched Ballistic Missiles) with a range of 750 km.

• b) The S4* SSBN will be more advanced in terms of size and missile range than INS Arihant.

• c) SSBNs play a critical role in maintaining India's nuclear deterrence through their second-strike capability.

• d) India’s SSBNs require frequent surfacing due to their conventional propulsion systems.

Solution: d)

Statement d is incorrect because India’s SSBNs (Submersible Ship Ballistic Nuclear submarines), such as the INS Arihant, are equipped with nuclear propulsion systems. Nuclear propulsion enables SSBNs to remain submerged for extended periods without needing to surface frequently, which is essential for their strategic role in providing a stealthy second-strike capability

Statement a is correct, as INS Arihant is armed with K-15 SLBMs (Submarine-Launched Ballistic Missiles) with a range of approximately 750 km, enhancing India’s ability to conduct retaliatory strikes if necessary.

Statement b is also correct since the upcoming S4-class SSBN is expected to be larger and capable of carrying missiles with a greater range than INS Arihant.

Statement c is correct, as SSBNs are central to India’s nuclear triad and ensure credible nuclear deterrence by maintaining second-strike capability, thus reinforcing India’s defense posture.

Solution: d)

Statement b is also correct since the upcoming S4-class SSBN is expected to be larger and capable of carrying missiles with a greater range than INS Arihant.

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