UPSC Editorials Quiz : 27 May 2024

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Introducing QUED – Questions from Editorials, an innovative initiative from InsightsIAS. Considering the significant number of questions in previous UPSC Prelims from editorials, practicing MCQs from this perspective can provide an extra edge. While we cover important editorials separately in our Editorial Section and SECURE Initiative, adding QUED to your daily MCQ practice alongside Static Quiz, Current Affairs Quiz, and InstaDART can be crucial for better performance. We recommend utilizing this initiative to enhance your preparation, with 5 MCQs posted daily at 11 am from Monday to Saturday on our website under the QUIZ menu. Best of luck! 🙂

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Which of the following describes the principle of working of an atomic clock? a) Excitation and de-excitation of hydrogen atoms b) Simple harmonic motion of atoms inside a crystal c) Vibration of small quartz crystal d) Resonant frequency in cesium (or rubidium) atom Correct Solution: d) Atomic clocks are known for their exceptional accuracy and are considered the most precise timekeeping devices in the world. It was invented in 1955 by Louise Essen. These clocks function by utilizing the specific resonance frequencies of atoms, typically cesium or rubidium. The extreme precision of atomic clocks is mind-boggling – they lose just one second in approximately 100 million years. Currently, India has operational atomic clocks in Ahmedabad and Faridabad, maintained by the CSIR-National Physical Laboratories (CSIR-NPL). The most commonly used types of atomic clocks are the cesium atomic beam, the hydrogen maser, and the rubidium gas cell. While the cesium clock offers high accuracy and good long-term stability, the hydrogen maser has the best stability for periods of up to a few hours. Incorrect Solution: d) Atomic clocks are known for their exceptional accuracy and are considered the most precise timekeeping devices in the world. It was invented in 1955 by Louise Essen. These clocks function by utilizing the specific resonance frequencies of atoms, typically cesium or rubidium. The extreme precision of atomic clocks is mind-boggling – they lose just one second in approximately 100 million years. Currently, India has operational atomic clocks in Ahmedabad and Faridabad, maintained by the CSIR-National Physical Laboratories (CSIR-NPL). The most commonly used types of atomic clocks are the cesium atomic beam, the hydrogen maser, and the rubidium gas cell. While the cesium clock offers high accuracy and good long-term stability, the hydrogen maser has the best stability for periods of up to a few hours.

#### 1. Question

Which of the following describes the principle of working of an atomic clock?

• a) Excitation and de-excitation of hydrogen atoms

• b) Simple harmonic motion of atoms inside a crystal

• c) Vibration of small quartz crystal

• d) Resonant frequency in cesium (or rubidium) atom

Solution: d)

• Atomic clocks are known for their exceptional accuracy and are considered the most precise timekeeping devices in the world.

• It was invented in 1955 by Louise Essen.

• These clocks function by utilizing the specific resonance frequencies of atoms, typically cesium or rubidium.

• The extreme precision of atomic clocks is mind-boggling – they lose just one second in approximately 100 million years.

• Currently, India has operational atomic clocks in Ahmedabad and Faridabad, maintained by the CSIR-National Physical Laboratories (CSIR-NPL).

• The most commonly used types of atomic clocks are the cesium atomic beam, the hydrogen maser, and the rubidium gas cell.

• While the cesium clock offers high accuracy and good long-term stability, the hydrogen maser has the best stability for periods of up to a few hours.

Solution: d)

• Atomic clocks are known for their exceptional accuracy and are considered the most precise timekeeping devices in the world.

• It was invented in 1955 by Louise Essen.

• These clocks function by utilizing the specific resonance frequencies of atoms, typically cesium or rubidium.

• The extreme precision of atomic clocks is mind-boggling – they lose just one second in approximately 100 million years.

• Currently, India has operational atomic clocks in Ahmedabad and Faridabad, maintained by the CSIR-National Physical Laboratories (CSIR-NPL).

• The most commonly used types of atomic clocks are the cesium atomic beam, the hydrogen maser, and the rubidium gas cell.

• While the cesium clock offers high accuracy and good long-term stability, the hydrogen maser has the best stability for periods of up to a few hours.

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Which one amongst the following cannot be a feature of a ‘totalitarian regime’? a) A monopoly of the means of mass communication b) One part state c) Autonomy of civil society d) State control of the political and often personal realms of individual life Correct Solution: c) Totalitarianism is a political system and a form of government that prohibits opposition political parties, disregards and outlaws the political claims of individual and group opposition to the state, and controls the public sphere and the private sphere of society. The totalitarian government uses ideology to control most aspects of human life, such as the political economy of the country, the system of education, the arts, the sciences, and the private-life morality of the citizens. Incorrect Solution: c) Totalitarianism is a political system and a form of government that prohibits opposition political parties, disregards and outlaws the political claims of individual and group opposition to the state, and controls the public sphere and the private sphere of society. The totalitarian government uses ideology to control most aspects of human life, such as the political economy of the country, the system of education, the arts, the sciences, and the private-life morality of the citizens.

#### 2. Question

Which one amongst the following cannot be a feature of a ‘totalitarian regime’?

• a) A monopoly of the means of mass communication

• b) One part state

• c) Autonomy of civil society

• d) State control of the political and often personal realms of individual life

Solution: c)

Totalitarianism is a political system and a form of government that prohibits opposition political parties, disregards and outlaws the political claims of individual and group opposition to the state, and controls the public sphere and the private sphere of society. The totalitarian government uses ideology to control most aspects of human life, such as the political economy of the country, the system of education, the arts, the sciences, and the private-life morality of the citizens.

Solution: c)

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Consider the following statements. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) provides that everyone shall have the right to recognition as a person before the law. Although India agrees in principle with the ethos of ICCPR, it has not yet ratified it fully. Compliance with the ICCPR is monitored by the United Nations Human Rights Committee, which reviews regular reports of states parties on how the rights are being implemented. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 2 is incorrect. The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) is a multilateral treaty that commits nations to respect the civil and political rights of individuals, including the right to life, freedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedom of assembly, electoral rights and rights to due process and a fair trial. It was adopted by United Nations General Assembly Resolution 2200A (XXI) on 16 December 1966 and entered into force on 23 March 1976 after its thirty-fifth ratification or accession. Procedural fairness in law, in the form of rights to due process, a fair and impartial trial, the presumption of innocence, and recognition as a person before the law (Articles 14, 15, and 16). Compliance with the ICCPR is monitored by the United Nations Human Rights Committee, which reviews regular reports of states parties on how the rights are being implemented. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 2 is incorrect. The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) is a multilateral treaty that commits nations to respect the civil and political rights of individuals, including the right to life, freedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedom of assembly, electoral rights and rights to due process and a fair trial. It was adopted by United Nations General Assembly Resolution 2200A (XXI) on 16 December 1966 and entered into force on 23 March 1976 after its thirty-fifth ratification or accession. Procedural fairness in law, in the form of rights to due process, a fair and impartial trial, the presumption of innocence, and recognition as a person before the law (Articles 14, 15, and 16). Compliance with the ICCPR is monitored by the United Nations Human Rights Committee, which reviews regular reports of states parties on how the rights are being implemented.

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements.

• International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) provides that everyone shall have the right to recognition as a person before the law.

• Although India agrees in principle with the ethos of ICCPR, it has not yet ratified it fully.

• Compliance with the ICCPR is monitored by the United Nations Human Rights Committee, which reviews regular reports of states parties on how the rights are being implemented.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 2 is incorrect.

The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) is a multilateral treaty that commits nations to respect the civil and political rights of individuals, including the right to life, freedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedom of assembly, electoral rights and rights to due process and a fair trial. It was adopted by United Nations General Assembly Resolution 2200A (XXI) on 16 December 1966 and entered into force on 23 March 1976 after its thirty-fifth ratification or accession.

Procedural fairness in law, in the form of rights to due process, a fair and impartial trial, the presumption of innocence, and recognition as a person before the law (Articles 14, 15, and 16).

Compliance with the ICCPR is monitored by the United Nations Human Rights Committee, which reviews regular reports of states parties on how the rights are being implemented.

Solution: b)

Statement 2 is incorrect.

Procedural fairness in law, in the form of rights to due process, a fair and impartial trial, the presumption of innocence, and recognition as a person before the law (Articles 14, 15, and 16).

Compliance with the ICCPR is monitored by the United Nations Human Rights Committee, which reviews regular reports of states parties on how the rights are being implemented.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Consider the following statements regarding Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). The Declaration provides that everyone has a right to seek and enjoy in other country’s asylum from prosecution in respect of political crimes. The Declaration provides that everyone has the freedom from arbitrary deprival of nationality, except for the freedom to change nationality. Which of the above statements is/are correct? a) 1 only b) 2 only c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 Correct Solution: c) The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is an international document adopted by the United Nations General Assembly that enshrines the rights and freedoms of all human beings. Article 14 Everyone has the right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution. This right may not be invoked in the case of prosecutions genuinely arising from non-political crimes or from acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations. Article 15 Everyone has the right to a nationality. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality nor denied the right to change his nationality. Incorrect Solution: c) The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is an international document adopted by the United Nations General Assembly that enshrines the rights and freedoms of all human beings. Article 14 Everyone has the right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution. This right may not be invoked in the case of prosecutions genuinely arising from non-political crimes or from acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations. Article 15 Everyone has the right to a nationality. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality nor denied the right to change his nationality.

#### 4. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR).

• The Declaration provides that everyone has a right to seek and enjoy in other country’s asylum from prosecution in respect of political crimes.

• The Declaration provides that everyone has the freedom from arbitrary deprival of nationality, except for the freedom to change nationality.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• c) Both 1 and 2

• d) Neither 1 nor 2

Solution: c)

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is an international document adopted by the United Nations General Assembly that enshrines the rights and freedoms of all human beings.

Article 14

• Everyone has the right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution.

• This right may not be invoked in the case of prosecutions genuinely arising from non-political crimes or from acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations.

Article 15

• Everyone has the right to a nationality.

• No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality nor denied the right to change his nationality.

Solution: c)

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is an international document adopted by the United Nations General Assembly that enshrines the rights and freedoms of all human beings.

Article 14

• Everyone has the right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution.

• This right may not be invoked in the case of prosecutions genuinely arising from non-political crimes or from acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations.

Article 15

• Everyone has the right to a nationality.

• No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality nor denied the right to change his nationality.

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Consider the following statements regarding passes in the Western Ghats. Bhor Ghat: Links Mumbai to Pune. Thal Ghat: Connects Kerala to Tamil Nadu Pal Ghat: Links Nasik to Mumbai. How many of the above statements is/are incorrect? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Only Statement 1 is correct. Western Ghat Mountain Range or Sahyadri Range extend from the Tapi river valley to the Nilgiri. It is divided into two parts- the North Sahyadri and the south Sahyadri. Some of the important passes of Western Ghats: Thal Ghat: It links Nasik to Mumbai. Bhor Ghat: It links Mumbai to Pune. Pal Ghat: It connects Kerala to Tamil Nadu. Senkota pass: It links Thiruvanathpuram and Madurai Incorrect Solution: b) Only Statement 1 is correct. Western Ghat Mountain Range or Sahyadri Range extend from the Tapi river valley to the Nilgiri. It is divided into two parts- the North Sahyadri and the south Sahyadri. Some of the important passes of Western Ghats: Thal Ghat: It links Nasik to Mumbai. Bhor Ghat: It links Mumbai to Pune. Pal Ghat: It connects Kerala to Tamil Nadu. Senkota pass: It links Thiruvanathpuram and Madurai

#### 5. Question

Consider the following statements regarding passes in the Western Ghats.

• Bhor Ghat: Links Mumbai to Pune.

• Thal Ghat: Connects Kerala to Tamil Nadu

• Pal Ghat: Links Nasik to Mumbai.

How many of the above statements is/are incorrect?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Only Statement 1 is correct.

Western Ghat Mountain Range or Sahyadri Range extend from the Tapi river valley to the Nilgiri. It is divided into two parts- the North Sahyadri and the south Sahyadri.

Some of the important passes of Western Ghats:

• Thal Ghat: It links Nasik to Mumbai.

• Bhor Ghat: It links Mumbai to Pune.

• Pal Ghat: It connects Kerala to Tamil Nadu.

• Senkota pass: It links Thiruvanathpuram and Madurai

Solution: b)

Only Statement 1 is correct.

Western Ghat Mountain Range or Sahyadri Range extend from the Tapi river valley to the Nilgiri. It is divided into two parts- the North Sahyadri and the south Sahyadri.

Some of the important passes of Western Ghats:

• Thal Ghat: It links Nasik to Mumbai.

• Bhor Ghat: It links Mumbai to Pune.

• Pal Ghat: It connects Kerala to Tamil Nadu.

• Senkota pass: It links Thiruvanathpuram and Madurai

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