UPSC Editorials Quiz : 26 November 2024

Introducing QUED – Questions from Editorials (UPSC Editorials Quiz) , an innovative initiative from InsightsIAS. Considering the significant number of questions in previous UPSC Prelims from editorials, practicing MCQs from this perspective can provide an extra edge. While we cover important editorials separately in our Editorial Section and SECURE Initiative, adding QUED (UPSC Editorials Quiz) to your daily MCQ practice alongside Static Quiz, Current Affairs Quiz, and InstaDART can be crucial for better performance. We recommend utilizing this initiative to enhance your preparation, with 5 MCQs posted daily at 11 am from Monday to Saturday on our website under the QUIZ menu.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Consider the following statements regarding the FRBM Act, 2003, and its amendments: The FRBM Act was enacted to eliminate the revenue deficit and reduce the fiscal deficit. States are not required to enact their own fiscal responsibility laws under the FRBM framework. The FRBM Amendment Act, 2018, set a combined debt target of 60% of GDP for the Centre and States. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) The FRBM Act, 2003, was introduced to institutionalize fiscal discipline and enhance transparency in fiscal management. It aimed to eliminate the revenue deficit and reduce the fiscal deficit, ensuring long-term macroeconomic stability, which makes Statement 1 correct. However, the Act requires both the Centre and states to implement fiscal responsibility laws. Many states have enacted their fiscal responsibility legislation to align with the principles of the FRBM framework, making Statement 2 incorrect. The FRBM Amendment Act, 2018, updated the framework to address changing economic realities. It introduced a specific target for the overall public debt: a combined debt-to-GDP ratio of 60%, split as 40% for the Centre and 20% for the states. This makes Statement 3 correct. Incorrect Solution: b) The FRBM Act, 2003, was introduced to institutionalize fiscal discipline and enhance transparency in fiscal management. It aimed to eliminate the revenue deficit and reduce the fiscal deficit, ensuring long-term macroeconomic stability, which makes Statement 1 correct. However, the Act requires both the Centre and states to implement fiscal responsibility laws. Many states have enacted their fiscal responsibility legislation to align with the principles of the FRBM framework, making Statement 2 incorrect. The FRBM Amendment Act, 2018, updated the framework to address changing economic realities. It introduced a specific target for the overall public debt: a combined debt-to-GDP ratio of 60%, split as 40% for the Centre and 20% for the states. This makes Statement 3 correct.

#### 1. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the FRBM Act, 2003, and its amendments:

• The FRBM Act was enacted to eliminate the revenue deficit and reduce the fiscal deficit.

• States are not required to enact their own fiscal responsibility laws under the FRBM framework.

• The FRBM Amendment Act, 2018, set a combined debt target of 60% of GDP for the Centre and States.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

The FRBM Act, 2003, was introduced to institutionalize fiscal discipline and enhance transparency in fiscal management. It aimed to eliminate the revenue deficit and reduce the fiscal deficit, ensuring long-term macroeconomic stability, which makes Statement 1 correct.

However, the Act requires both the Centre and states to implement fiscal responsibility laws. Many states have enacted their fiscal responsibility legislation to align with the principles of the FRBM framework, making Statement 2 incorrect.

The FRBM Amendment Act, 2018, updated the framework to address changing economic realities. It introduced a specific target for the overall public debt: a combined debt-to-GDP ratio of 60%, split as 40% for the Centre and 20% for the states. This makes Statement 3 correct.

Solution: b)

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following statements about the significance and applications of Salt Chimneys: They can serve as natural barriers preventing the spread of pollutants. They are indicators of karstification and potential ground collapse. Autonomous mapping of salt chimneys can help mitigate sinkhole risks. How many of the above statements are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Salt chimneys, also known as salt diapirs, are significant geological formations created by the upward movement of salt through overlying rock layers. They are critical in understanding subsurface geology and associated risks. Statement 1 is incorrect because salt chimneys do not primarily function as natural barriers against pollutants. Instead, they are often pathways for fluid migration and can influence subsurface hydrology, sometimes exacerbating pollutant spread. Statement 2 is correct because salt chimneys are strong indicators of karstification—a process where soluble rocks dissolve, creating cavities and increasing the potential for ground collapse or sinkholes. Mapping these formations helps in identifying vulnerable areas. Statement 3 is also correct. Autonomous techniques, like geophysical surveys and remote sensing, are instrumental in mapping salt chimneys to predict and mitigate sinkhole risks. These technologies help in risk management for infrastructure and communities in karst-prone regions. Incorrect Solution: b) Salt chimneys, also known as salt diapirs, are significant geological formations created by the upward movement of salt through overlying rock layers. They are critical in understanding subsurface geology and associated risks. Statement 1 is incorrect because salt chimneys do not primarily function as natural barriers against pollutants. Instead, they are often pathways for fluid migration and can influence subsurface hydrology, sometimes exacerbating pollutant spread. Statement 2 is correct because salt chimneys are strong indicators of karstification—a process where soluble rocks dissolve, creating cavities and increasing the potential for ground collapse or sinkholes. Mapping these formations helps in identifying vulnerable areas. Statement 3 is also correct. Autonomous techniques, like geophysical surveys and remote sensing, are instrumental in mapping salt chimneys to predict and mitigate sinkhole risks. These technologies help in risk management for infrastructure and communities in karst-prone regions.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements about the significance and applications of Salt Chimneys:

• They can serve as natural barriers preventing the spread of pollutants.

• They are indicators of karstification and potential ground collapse.

• Autonomous mapping of salt chimneys can help mitigate sinkhole risks.

How many of the above statements are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Salt chimneys, also known as salt diapirs, are significant geological formations created by the upward movement of salt through overlying rock layers. They are critical in understanding subsurface geology and associated risks.

Statement 1 is incorrect because salt chimneys do not primarily function as natural barriers against pollutants. Instead, they are often pathways for fluid migration and can influence subsurface hydrology, sometimes exacerbating pollutant spread.

Statement 2 is correct because salt chimneys are strong indicators of karstification—a process where soluble rocks dissolve, creating cavities and increasing the potential for ground collapse or sinkholes. Mapping these formations helps in identifying vulnerable areas.

Statement 3 is also correct. Autonomous techniques, like geophysical surveys and remote sensing, are instrumental in mapping salt chimneys to predict and mitigate sinkhole risks. These technologies help in risk management for infrastructure and communities in karst-prone regions.

Solution: b)

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Which of the following is NOT a feature of the VISION Portal (Viksit Bharat Initiative for Student Innovation and Outreach Network)? a) Provides mentorship to underprivileged students in remote areas. b) Facilitates access to startup opportunities in biotechnology and agriculture. c) Aligns with Vision India 2047 for economic growth. d) Operates under the Ministry of Education. Correct Solution: d) The VISION Portal (Viksit Bharat Initiative for Student Innovation and Outreach Network) is an initiative under the Ministry of Science and Technology, not the Ministry of Education, making statement d) incorrect. The portal is designed to foster innovation and entrepreneurial skills among students, especially in underserved and remote areas. It provides mentorship opportunities to underprivileged students, enabling them to explore career paths in science, technology, and entrepreneurship, aligning with statement a). Additionally, the platform supports access to startup ecosystems in sectors like biotechnology and agriculture, critical for India’s innovation-driven economic growth, validating statement b). The portal is also aligned with the broader Vision India 2047 agenda, which focuses on sustainable development, technological advancement, and economic transformation, confirming statement c). Incorrect Solution: d) The VISION Portal (Viksit Bharat Initiative for Student Innovation and Outreach Network) is an initiative under the Ministry of Science and Technology, not the Ministry of Education, making statement d) incorrect. The portal is designed to foster innovation and entrepreneurial skills among students, especially in underserved and remote areas. It provides mentorship opportunities to underprivileged students, enabling them to explore career paths in science, technology, and entrepreneurship, aligning with statement a). Additionally, the platform supports access to startup ecosystems in sectors like biotechnology and agriculture, critical for India’s innovation-driven economic growth, validating statement b). The portal is also aligned with the broader Vision India 2047 agenda, which focuses on sustainable development, technological advancement, and economic transformation, confirming statement c).

#### 3. Question

Which of the following is NOT a feature of the VISION Portal (Viksit Bharat Initiative for Student Innovation and Outreach Network)?

• a) Provides mentorship to underprivileged students in remote areas.

• b) Facilitates access to startup opportunities in biotechnology and agriculture.

• c) Aligns with Vision India 2047 for economic growth.

• d) Operates under the Ministry of Education.

Solution: d)

The VISION Portal (Viksit Bharat Initiative for Student Innovation and Outreach Network) is an initiative under the Ministry of Science and Technology, not the Ministry of Education, making statement d) incorrect.

The portal is designed to foster innovation and entrepreneurial skills among students, especially in underserved and remote areas. It provides mentorship opportunities to underprivileged students, enabling them to explore career paths in science, technology, and entrepreneurship, aligning with statement a).

Additionally, the platform supports access to startup ecosystems in sectors like biotechnology and agriculture, critical for India’s innovation-driven economic growth, validating statement b).

The portal is also aligned with the broader Vision India 2047 agenda, which focuses on sustainable development, technological advancement, and economic transformation, confirming statement c).

Solution: d)

Additionally, the platform supports access to startup ecosystems in sectors like biotechnology and agriculture, critical for India’s innovation-driven economic growth, validating statement b).

The portal is also aligned with the broader Vision India 2047 agenda, which focuses on sustainable development, technological advancement, and economic transformation, confirming statement c).

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Consider the following: Statement-I: The International Criminal Court (ICC) is a judicial body established to prosecute individuals for crimes like genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and crimes of aggression. Statement-II: The ICC has universal jurisdiction over all crimes committed anywhere in the world. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements? a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct Correct Solution: c) Statement-I is correct. The ICC was established under the Rome Statute to prosecute individuals for serious crimes such as genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and crimes of aggression. Statement-II is incorrect. The ICC does not have universal jurisdiction. Its jurisdiction is limited to crimes committed within member states, by nationals of member states, or in cases referred by the UN Security Council. Incorrect Solution: c) Statement-I is correct. The ICC was established under the Rome Statute to prosecute individuals for serious crimes such as genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and crimes of aggression. Statement-II is incorrect. The ICC does not have universal jurisdiction. Its jurisdiction is limited to crimes committed within member states, by nationals of member states, or in cases referred by the UN Security Council.

#### 4. Question

Consider the following:

Statement-I: The International Criminal Court (ICC) is a judicial body established to prosecute individuals for crimes like genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and crimes of aggression.

Statement-II: The ICC has universal jurisdiction over all crimes committed anywhere in the world.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

• a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I

• b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I

• c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect

• d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct

Solution: c)

Statement-I is correct. The ICC was established under the Rome Statute to prosecute individuals for serious crimes such as genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and crimes of aggression.

Statement-II is incorrect. The ICC does not have universal jurisdiction. Its jurisdiction is limited to crimes committed within member states, by nationals of member states, or in cases referred by the UN Security Council.

Solution: c)

Statement-I is correct. The ICC was established under the Rome Statute to prosecute individuals for serious crimes such as genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and crimes of aggression.

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Consider the following statements regarding Bhimbetka rock shelters: They depict hunting scenes, social life, and rituals through rock paintings. They are located in the Vindhya Range, near the Narmada Valley. Bhimbetka was first excavated during the Indus Valley Civilization period. Which of the above statements is/are correct? a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only c) 1 and 3 only d) 1, 2, and 3 Correct Solution: a) The Bhimbetka rock shelters, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, are an archaeological treasure showcasing prehistoric art and human evolution. Statement 1 is correct, as the rock paintings depict a variety of scenes, including hunting, social life, rituals, and animals, offering insight into early human culture and activities. Statement 2 is also correct, as Bhimbetka is located in the Vindhya Range near the Narmada Valley in Madhya Pradesh, an area known for its archaeological and geological significance. Statement 3, however, is incorrect. The Bhimbetka rock shelters were discovered in the 20th century by Dr. Vishnu Wakankar and date back to the Mesolithic period and earlier. They are unrelated to the Indus Valley Civilization, which is a distinct and later Bronze Age culture. Incorrect Solution: a) The Bhimbetka rock shelters, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, are an archaeological treasure showcasing prehistoric art and human evolution. Statement 1 is correct, as the rock paintings depict a variety of scenes, including hunting, social life, rituals, and animals, offering insight into early human culture and activities. Statement 2 is also correct, as Bhimbetka is located in the Vindhya Range near the Narmada Valley in Madhya Pradesh, an area known for its archaeological and geological significance. Statement 3, however, is incorrect. The Bhimbetka rock shelters were discovered in the 20th century by Dr. Vishnu Wakankar and date back to the Mesolithic period and earlier. They are unrelated to the Indus Valley Civilization, which is a distinct and later Bronze Age culture.

#### 5. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Bhimbetka rock shelters:

• They depict hunting scenes, social life, and rituals through rock paintings.

• They are located in the Vindhya Range, near the Narmada Valley.

• Bhimbetka was first excavated during the Indus Valley Civilization period.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) 1 and 2 only

• b) 2 and 3 only

• c) 1 and 3 only

• d) 1, 2, and 3

Solution: a)

The Bhimbetka rock shelters, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, are an archaeological treasure showcasing prehistoric art and human evolution.

Statement 1 is correct, as the rock paintings depict a variety of scenes, including hunting, social life, rituals, and animals, offering insight into early human culture and activities.

Statement 2 is also correct, as Bhimbetka is located in the Vindhya Range near the Narmada Valley in Madhya Pradesh, an area known for its archaeological and geological significance.

Statement 3, however, is incorrect. The Bhimbetka rock shelters were discovered in the 20th century by Dr. Vishnu Wakankar and date back to the Mesolithic period and earlier. They are unrelated to the Indus Valley Civilization, which is a distinct and later Bronze Age culture.

Solution: a)

The Bhimbetka rock shelters, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, are an archaeological treasure showcasing prehistoric art and human evolution.

Statement 1 is correct, as the rock paintings depict a variety of scenes, including hunting, social life, rituals, and animals, offering insight into early human culture and activities.

Statement 2 is also correct, as Bhimbetka is located in the Vindhya Range near the Narmada Valley in Madhya Pradesh, an area known for its archaeological and geological significance.

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