UPSC Editorials Quiz : 25 August 2025

Introducing QUED – Questions from Editorials (UPSC Editorials Quiz) , an innovative initiative from InsightsIAS. Considering the significant number of questions in previous UPSC Prelims from editorials, practicing MCQs from this perspective can provide an extra edge. While we cover important editorials separately in our Editorial Section and SECURE Initiative, adding QUED (UPSC Editorials Quiz) to your daily MCQ practice alongside Static Quiz, Current Affairs Quiz, and InstaDART can be crucial for better performance. We recommend utilizing this initiative to enhance your preparation, with 5 MCQs posted daily at 11 am from Monday to Saturday on our website under the QUIZ menu.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Consider the following statements regarding Rubella: Statement I: Rubella is a mild viral infection that is primarily a concern for pregnant women due to the risk of Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS) in newborns. Statement II: The Measles-Rubella (MR) vaccine provides effective protection against the disease. Statement III: Nepal recently became the first country in the WHO’s Southeast Asia Region to be declared free of rubella as a public health problem. Which of the statements given above are correct? (a) I and II only (b) II and III only (c) I and III only (d) I, II and III Correct Solution: D Statement I is correct. While Rubella, also known as German measles, is generally a mild disease in children and adults, it can have devastating consequences if a woman is infected during pregnancy. The virus can cross the placenta and cause Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS) in the developing fetus, leading to serious birth defects such as deafness, cataracts, and heart problems. Statement II is also correct. The most effective way to prevent rubella is through vaccination. The Measles-Rubella (MR) vaccine, which is often combined with the mumps vaccine (MMR), is highly effective in preventing infection. Statement III is correct. Nepal has been declared free of rubella as a public health problem by the WHO, marking a major milestone for the Southeast Asia Region and highlighting the success of its immunization programs. Incorrect Solution: D Statement I is correct. While Rubella, also known as German measles, is generally a mild disease in children and adults, it can have devastating consequences if a woman is infected during pregnancy. The virus can cross the placenta and cause Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS) in the developing fetus, leading to serious birth defects such as deafness, cataracts, and heart problems. Statement II is also correct. The most effective way to prevent rubella is through vaccination. The Measles-Rubella (MR) vaccine, which is often combined with the mumps vaccine (MMR), is highly effective in preventing infection. Statement III is correct. Nepal has been declared free of rubella as a public health problem by the WHO, marking a major milestone for the Southeast Asia Region and highlighting the success of its immunization programs.

#### 1. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Rubella:

Statement I: Rubella is a mild viral infection that is primarily a concern for pregnant women due to the risk of Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS) in newborns.

Statement II: The Measles-Rubella (MR) vaccine provides effective protection against the disease.

Statement III: Nepal recently became the first country in the WHO’s Southeast Asia Region to be declared free of rubella as a public health problem.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

• (a) I and II only

• (b) II and III only

• (c) I and III only

• (d) I, II and III

Solution: D

• Statement I is correct. While Rubella, also known as German measles, is generally a mild disease in children and adults, it can have devastating consequences if a woman is infected during pregnancy. The virus can cross the placenta and cause Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS) in the developing fetus, leading to serious birth defects such as deafness, cataracts, and heart problems.

• Statement II is also correct. The most effective way to prevent rubella is through vaccination. The Measles-Rubella (MR) vaccine, which is often combined with the mumps vaccine (MMR), is highly effective in preventing infection.

• Statement III is correct. Nepal has been declared free of rubella as a public health problem by the WHO, marking a major milestone for the Southeast Asia Region and highlighting the success of its immunization programs.

Solution: D

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question With reference to the Saltwater Crocodile (Crocodylus porosus), which of the following statements is/are correct? It is the largest living reptile and is found exclusively in the Sundarbans of India. The species is an apex predator and plays a crucial role in maintaining the ecological balance of its habitat. The Bhagabatpur Crocodile Project was a successful conservation and breeding program for this species. Select the correct answer using the code given below: (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1 and 3 only (c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 Correct Solution: C Statement 1 is incorrect. While the Sundarbans is a major habitat for the saltwater crocodile in India, it is not found exclusively there. The species is also found in the swamplands of Odisha and the coastal areas of the Andaman & Nicobar Islands. Statement 2 is correct. The saltwater crocodile is an apex predator in its ecosystem. By preying on a variety of animals and scavenging on carcasses, it helps in regulating prey populations and keeping the aquatic environment clean, thus playing a vital role in maintaining ecological balance. Statement 3 is also correct. The Bhagabatpur Crocodile Project, initiated in 1976, was a pioneering conservation effort in West Bengal. It served as a breeding and rearing center for saltwater crocodiles, and successfully released a significant number of individuals back into the wild over several decades, contributing to the recovery of the species’ population in the Sundarbans. Incorrect Solution: C Statement 1 is incorrect. While the Sundarbans is a major habitat for the saltwater crocodile in India, it is not found exclusively there. The species is also found in the swamplands of Odisha and the coastal areas of the Andaman & Nicobar Islands. Statement 2 is correct. The saltwater crocodile is an apex predator in its ecosystem. By preying on a variety of animals and scavenging on carcasses, it helps in regulating prey populations and keeping the aquatic environment clean, thus playing a vital role in maintaining ecological balance. Statement 3 is also correct. The Bhagabatpur Crocodile Project, initiated in 1976, was a pioneering conservation effort in West Bengal. It served as a breeding and rearing center for saltwater crocodiles, and successfully released a significant number of individuals back into the wild over several decades, contributing to the recovery of the species’ population in the Sundarbans.

#### 2. Question

With reference to the Saltwater Crocodile (Crocodylus porosus), which of the following statements is/are correct?

• It is the largest living reptile and is found exclusively in the Sundarbans of India.

• The species is an apex predator and plays a crucial role in maintaining the ecological balance of its habitat.

• The Bhagabatpur Crocodile Project was a successful conservation and breeding program for this species.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

• (a) 1 and 2 only

• (b) 1 and 3 only

• (c) 2 and 3 only

• (d) 1, 2 and 3

Solution: C

• Statement 1 is incorrect. While the Sundarbans is a major habitat for the saltwater crocodile in India, it is not found exclusively there. The species is also found in the swamplands of Odisha and the coastal areas of the Andaman & Nicobar Islands.

• Statement 2 is correct. The saltwater crocodile is an apex predator in its ecosystem. By preying on a variety of animals and scavenging on carcasses, it helps in regulating prey populations and keeping the aquatic environment clean, thus playing a vital role in maintaining ecological balance.

• Statement 3 is also correct. The Bhagabatpur Crocodile Project, initiated in 1976, was a pioneering conservation effort in West Bengal. It served as a breeding and rearing center for saltwater crocodiles, and successfully released a significant number of individuals back into the wild over several decades, contributing to the recovery of the species’ population in the Sundarbans.

Solution: C

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Consider the following statements about the Mithi River: It is a perennial river that originates from the overflow of Vihar Lake and Powai Lake. The river flows through the heart of Mumbai and empties into the Arabian Sea at Mahim Creek. Due to extensive conservation efforts, the river is now one of the cleanest urban rivers in India. How many of the above statements are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: A Statement 1 is incorrect. The Mithi River is a seasonal river, not a perennial one. Its flow is largely dependent on monsoon rains and the overflow from Vihar and Powai lakes. Statement 2 is correct. The river’s course takes it through several prominent suburbs of Mumbai, and it ultimately drains into the Arabian Sea at Mahim Creek. Statement 3 is incorrect. The Mithi River is highly polluted due to the discharge of untreated sewage, industrial effluents, and the dumping of solid waste. Encroachments along its banks have further degraded the river and reduced its carrying capacity, making the surrounding areas vulnerable to flooding during heavy rainfall. While there have been efforts to clean up the river, it remains a significant environmental challenge for the city of Mumbai. Incorrect Solution: A Statement 1 is incorrect. The Mithi River is a seasonal river, not a perennial one. Its flow is largely dependent on monsoon rains and the overflow from Vihar and Powai lakes. Statement 2 is correct. The river’s course takes it through several prominent suburbs of Mumbai, and it ultimately drains into the Arabian Sea at Mahim Creek. Statement 3 is incorrect. The Mithi River is highly polluted due to the discharge of untreated sewage, industrial effluents, and the dumping of solid waste. Encroachments along its banks have further degraded the river and reduced its carrying capacity, making the surrounding areas vulnerable to flooding during heavy rainfall. While there have been efforts to clean up the river, it remains a significant environmental challenge for the city of Mumbai.

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements about the Mithi River:

• It is a perennial river that originates from the overflow of Vihar Lake and Powai Lake.

• The river flows through the heart of Mumbai and empties into the Arabian Sea at Mahim Creek.

• Due to extensive conservation efforts, the river is now one of the cleanest urban rivers in India.

How many of the above statements are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: A

• Statement 1 is incorrect. The Mithi River is a seasonal river, not a perennial one. Its flow is largely dependent on monsoon rains and the overflow from Vihar and Powai lakes.

• Statement 2 is correct. The river’s course takes it through several prominent suburbs of Mumbai, and it ultimately drains into the Arabian Sea at Mahim Creek.

• Statement 3 is incorrect. The Mithi River is highly polluted due to the discharge of untreated sewage, industrial effluents, and the dumping of solid waste. Encroachments along its banks have further degraded the river and reduced its carrying capacity, making the surrounding areas vulnerable to flooding during heavy rainfall. While there have been efforts to clean up the river, it remains a significant environmental challenge for the city of Mumbai.

Solution: A

• Statement 1 is incorrect. The Mithi River is a seasonal river, not a perennial one. Its flow is largely dependent on monsoon rains and the overflow from Vihar and Powai lakes.

• Statement 2 is correct. The river’s course takes it through several prominent suburbs of Mumbai, and it ultimately drains into the Arabian Sea at Mahim Creek.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Match the following: List I (Term) List II (Description) A. Surfactant 1. A substance that increases the cleaning efficiency of detergents in hard water B. Builder 2. A chemical that helps to break down stains caused by proteins C. Enzyme 3. A compound that reduces the surface tension of water, allowing it to wet surfaces more effectively Select the correct answer code: (a) A-3, B-1, C-2 (b) A-1, B-3, C-2 (c) A-2, B-1, C-3 (d) A-3, B-2, C-1 Correct Solution: A Surfactant (A) is correctly matched with description 3. Surfactants (surface-active agents) are the primary cleaning agents in detergents. They have a molecular structure with a hydrophilic (water-attracting) head and a hydrophobic (water-repelling) tail. This allows them to reduce the surface tension of water and help in the removal of dirt and grease. Builder (B) is correctly matched with description 1. Builders are added to detergents to enhance their cleaning efficiency, especially in hard water. They work by sequestering or precipitating the calcium and magnesium ions that cause water hardness, preventing them from interfering with the action of the surfactant. Enzyme (C) is correctly matched with description 2. Modern detergents often contain enzymes to break down specific types of stains. For example, proteases break down protein-based stains like blood and egg, while amylases work on starch-based stains. Incorrect Solution: A Surfactant (A) is correctly matched with description 3. Surfactants (surface-active agents) are the primary cleaning agents in detergents. They have a molecular structure with a hydrophilic (water-attracting) head and a hydrophobic (water-repelling) tail. This allows them to reduce the surface tension of water and help in the removal of dirt and grease. Builder (B) is correctly matched with description 1. Builders are added to detergents to enhance their cleaning efficiency, especially in hard water. They work by sequestering or precipitating the calcium and magnesium ions that cause water hardness, preventing them from interfering with the action of the surfactant. Enzyme (C) is correctly matched with description 2. Modern detergents often contain enzymes to break down specific types of stains. For example, proteases break down protein-based stains like blood and egg, while amylases work on starch-based stains.

#### 4. Question

Match the following:

List I (Term) | List II (Description)

A. Surfactant | 1. A substance that increases the cleaning efficiency of detergents in hard water

B. Builder | 2. A chemical that helps to break down stains caused by proteins

C. Enzyme | 3. A compound that reduces the surface tension of water, allowing it to wet surfaces more effectively

Select the correct answer code:

• (a) A-3, B-1, C-2

• (b) A-1, B-3, C-2

• (c) A-2, B-1, C-3

• (d) A-3, B-2, C-1

Solution: A

• Surfactant (A) is correctly matched with description 3. Surfactants (surface-active agents) are the primary cleaning agents in detergents. They have a molecular structure with a hydrophilic (water-attracting) head and a hydrophobic (water-repelling) tail. This allows them to reduce the surface tension of water and help in the removal of dirt and grease.

• Builder (B) is correctly matched with description 1. Builders are added to detergents to enhance their cleaning efficiency, especially in hard water. They work by sequestering or precipitating the calcium and magnesium ions that cause water hardness, preventing them from interfering with the action of the surfactant.

• Enzyme (C) is correctly matched with description 2. Modern detergents often contain enzymes to break down specific types of stains. For example, proteases break down protein-based stains like blood and egg, while amylases work on starch-based stains.

Solution: A

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Consider the following statements about the brain-eating amoeba, Naegleria fowleri: It is a single-celled organism that can survive in soil and dust. The initial symptoms of the infection are often mistaken for common illnesses like the flu. The survival rate from the infection is high due to the availability of effective antiviral treatments. How many of the above statements are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: B Statement 1 is correct. While Naegleria fowleri is primarily an aquatic organism found in warm freshwater, it has also been detected in soil and dust, indicating its ability to survive in different environments. Statement 2 is also correct. The early symptoms of Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM), such as headache, fever, nausea, and vomiting, are non-specific and can be easily confused with more common viral or bacterial infections. This often leads to a delay in diagnosis, which is a critical factor in the disease’s high mortality rate. Statement 3 is incorrect. The survival rate from PAM is extremely low, typically around 3% worldwide. There is no single effective cure, and treatment usually involves a combination of antifungal and antibiotic drugs. The term ‘antiviral’ is also incorrect as the causative agent is an amoeba, not a virus. Early detection and aggressive treatment are crucial for any chance of survival. Incorrect Solution: B Statement 1 is correct. While Naegleria fowleri is primarily an aquatic organism found in warm freshwater, it has also been detected in soil and dust, indicating its ability to survive in different environments. Statement 2 is also correct. The early symptoms of Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM), such as headache, fever, nausea, and vomiting, are non-specific and can be easily confused with more common viral or bacterial infections. This often leads to a delay in diagnosis, which is a critical factor in the disease’s high mortality rate. Statement 3 is incorrect. The survival rate from PAM is extremely low, typically around 3% worldwide. There is no single effective cure, and treatment usually involves a combination of antifungal and antibiotic drugs. The term ‘antiviral’ is also incorrect as the causative agent is an amoeba, not a virus. Early detection and aggressive treatment are crucial for any chance of survival.

#### 5. Question

Consider the following statements about the brain-eating amoeba, Naegleria fowleri:

• It is a single-celled organism that can survive in soil and dust.

• The initial symptoms of the infection are often mistaken for common illnesses like the flu.

• The survival rate from the infection is high due to the availability of effective antiviral treatments.

How many of the above statements are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: B

• Statement 1 is correct. While Naegleria fowleri is primarily an aquatic organism found in warm freshwater, it has also been detected in soil and dust, indicating its ability to survive in different environments.

• Statement 2 is also correct. The early symptoms of Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM), such as headache, fever, nausea, and vomiting, are non-specific and can be easily confused with more common viral or bacterial infections. This often leads to a delay in diagnosis, which is a critical factor in the disease’s high mortality rate.

• Statement 3 is incorrect. The survival rate from PAM is extremely low, typically around 3% worldwide. There is no single effective cure, and treatment usually involves a combination of antifungal and antibiotic drugs. The term ‘antiviral’ is also incorrect as the causative agent is an amoeba, not a virus. Early detection and aggressive treatment are crucial for any chance of survival.

Solution: B

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