UPSC Editorials Quiz : 23 August 2025

Introducing QUED – Questions from Editorials (UPSC Editorials Quiz) , an innovative initiative from InsightsIAS. Considering the significant number of questions in previous UPSC Prelims from editorials, practicing MCQs from this perspective can provide an extra edge. While we cover important editorials separately in our Editorial Section and SECURE Initiative, adding QUED (UPSC Editorials Quiz) to your daily MCQ practice alongside Static Quiz, Current Affairs Quiz, and InstaDART can be crucial for better performance. We recommend utilizing this initiative to enhance your preparation, with 5 MCQs posted daily at 11 am from Monday to Saturday on our website under the QUIZ menu.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question With reference to the Anna-Chakra Supply Chain Optimisation Tool, consider the following statements: It is a digital platform designed primarily for the procurement of foodgrains from farmers. The tool aims to minimize transportation costs and reduce leakages in the Public Distribution System (PDS). The implementation of this tool is expected to reduce carbon emissions, contributing to India’s climate commitments. How many of the above statements are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: B The Anna-Chakra Supply Chain Optimisation Tool is a significant step towards leveraging technology for efficient governance. The primary objective of this digital platform is to optimize the movement of foodgrains under the Public Distribution System (PDS), not for the procurement of foodgrains from farmers, making statement 1 incorrect. The tool utilizes advanced algorithms for route optimisation, which in turn helps in minimizing transportation costs and reducing transit times. This efficiency also helps in curbing leakages in the supply chain. One of the significant co-benefits of this optimization is the reduction in fuel consumption, which directly translates to lower carbon emissions, aligning with India’s climate action goals. The estimated annual savings of around ₹250 crore in transportation costs can be redirected towards other welfare schemes, thereby enhancing the overall efficiency and impact of public spending. This initiative is a prime example of using technological solutions to address logistical challenges in public service delivery, enhancing both economic efficiency and environmental sustainability. Incorrect Solution: B The Anna-Chakra Supply Chain Optimisation Tool is a significant step towards leveraging technology for efficient governance. The primary objective of this digital platform is to optimize the movement of foodgrains under the Public Distribution System (PDS), not for the procurement of foodgrains from farmers, making statement 1 incorrect. The tool utilizes advanced algorithms for route optimisation, which in turn helps in minimizing transportation costs and reducing transit times. This efficiency also helps in curbing leakages in the supply chain. One of the significant co-benefits of this optimization is the reduction in fuel consumption, which directly translates to lower carbon emissions, aligning with India’s climate action goals. The estimated annual savings of around ₹250 crore in transportation costs can be redirected towards other welfare schemes, thereby enhancing the overall efficiency and impact of public spending. This initiative is a prime example of using technological solutions to address logistical challenges in public service delivery, enhancing both economic efficiency and environmental sustainability.

#### 1. Question

With reference to the Anna-Chakra Supply Chain Optimisation Tool, consider the following statements:

• It is a digital platform designed primarily for the procurement of foodgrains from farmers.

• The tool aims to minimize transportation costs and reduce leakages in the Public Distribution System (PDS).

• The implementation of this tool is expected to reduce carbon emissions, contributing to India’s climate commitments.

How many of the above statements are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: B

• The Anna-Chakra Supply Chain Optimisation Tool is a significant step towards leveraging technology for efficient governance. The primary objective of this digital platform is to optimize the movement of foodgrains under the Public Distribution System (PDS), not for the procurement of foodgrains from farmers, making statement 1 incorrect.

• The tool utilizes advanced algorithms for route optimisation, which in turn helps in minimizing transportation costs and reducing transit times. This efficiency also helps in curbing leakages in the supply chain.

• One of the significant co-benefits of this optimization is the reduction in fuel consumption, which directly translates to lower carbon emissions, aligning with India’s climate action goals. The estimated annual savings of around ₹250 crore in transportation costs can be redirected towards other welfare schemes, thereby enhancing the overall efficiency and impact of public spending.

• This initiative is a prime example of using technological solutions to address logistical challenges in public service delivery, enhancing both economic efficiency and environmental sustainability.

Solution: B

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Regarding Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM), consider the following statements: It is a contagious disease that can spread from person to person through respiratory droplets. The causative organism, Naegleria fowleri, thrives in warm freshwater environments. The infection is primarily contracted by drinking contaminated water. How many of the above statements are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: A Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a rare but extremely fatal brain infection. Statement 1 is incorrect because PAM is not a contagious disease and does not spread from one person to another. Statement 2 is correct, as the causative agent, *Naegleria fowleri*, is a thermophilic (heat-loving) amoeba that is typically found in warm freshwater bodies like lakes, rivers, and poorly maintained swimming pools. It can survive in temperatures up to 46°C. Statement 3 is also incorrect. The infection is not caused by drinking contaminated water. Instead, the amoeba enters the body through the nose when a person is swimming or diving in contaminated water. From the nasal passages, the amoeba travels to the brain and causes severe inflammation and destruction of brain tissue. The rapid progression of the disease and the lack of a single effective cure contribute to its high fatality rate. Incorrect Solution: A Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a rare but extremely fatal brain infection. Statement 1 is incorrect because PAM is not a contagious disease and does not spread from one person to another. Statement 2 is correct, as the causative agent, *Naegleria fowleri*, is a thermophilic (heat-loving) amoeba that is typically found in warm freshwater bodies like lakes, rivers, and poorly maintained swimming pools. It can survive in temperatures up to 46°C. Statement 3 is also incorrect. The infection is not caused by drinking contaminated water. Instead, the amoeba enters the body through the nose when a person is swimming or diving in contaminated water. From the nasal passages, the amoeba travels to the brain and causes severe inflammation and destruction of brain tissue. The rapid progression of the disease and the lack of a single effective cure contribute to its high fatality rate.

#### 2. Question

Regarding Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM), consider the following statements:

• It is a contagious disease that can spread from person to person through respiratory droplets.

• The causative organism, Naegleria fowleri, thrives in warm freshwater environments.

• The infection is primarily contracted by drinking contaminated water.

How many of the above statements are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: A

• Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a rare but extremely fatal brain infection.

• Statement 1 is incorrect because PAM is not a contagious disease and does not spread from one person to another.

• Statement 2 is correct, as the causative agent, *Naegleria fowleri*, is a thermophilic (heat-loving) amoeba that is typically found in warm freshwater bodies like lakes, rivers, and poorly maintained swimming pools. It can survive in temperatures up to 46°C.

• Statement 3 is also incorrect. The infection is not caused by drinking contaminated water. Instead, the amoeba enters the body through the nose when a person is swimming or diving in contaminated water. From the nasal passages, the amoeba travels to the brain and causes severe inflammation and destruction of brain tissue. The rapid progression of the disease and the lack of a single effective cure contribute to its high fatality rate.

Solution: A

• Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a rare but extremely fatal brain infection.

• Statement 1 is incorrect because PAM is not a contagious disease and does not spread from one person to another.

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Consider the following pairs: Mineral Significance 1. Lithium Essential for electric vehicle batteries 2. Cobalt Used in the manufacturing of high-strength alloys 3. Nickel A key component in stainless steel production How many of the above pairs are correctly matched? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: C Lithium is a critical component in the manufacturing of rechargeable batteries, which are essential for electric vehicles (EVs), smartphones, and laptops. Its high energy density and lightweight nature make it indispensable for modern battery technology. Cobalt is another crucial element in lithium-ion batteries, but it is also widely used in the production of high-strength, corrosion-resistant superalloys used in jet engines and gas turbines. Nickel is a versatile metal with numerous applications. One of its primary uses is in the production of stainless steel, where it imparts strength, ductility, and resistance to corrosion. It is also an important component in certain types of batteries. The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment Bill, 2025, emphasizes securing the domestic supply of these critical minerals to reduce import dependency and support India’s manufacturing and green energy ambitions. Incorrect Solution: C Lithium is a critical component in the manufacturing of rechargeable batteries, which are essential for electric vehicles (EVs), smartphones, and laptops. Its high energy density and lightweight nature make it indispensable for modern battery technology. Cobalt is another crucial element in lithium-ion batteries, but it is also widely used in the production of high-strength, corrosion-resistant superalloys used in jet engines and gas turbines. Nickel is a versatile metal with numerous applications. One of its primary uses is in the production of stainless steel, where it imparts strength, ductility, and resistance to corrosion. It is also an important component in certain types of batteries. The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment Bill, 2025, emphasizes securing the domestic supply of these critical minerals to reduce import dependency and support India’s manufacturing and green energy ambitions.

#### 3. Question

Consider the following pairs:

Mineral | Significance

1.Lithium | Essential for electric vehicle batteries
2.Cobalt | Used in the manufacturing of high-strength alloys
3.Nickel | A key component in stainless steel production

How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: C

• Lithium is a critical component in the manufacturing of rechargeable batteries, which are essential for electric vehicles (EVs), smartphones, and laptops. Its high energy density and lightweight nature make it indispensable for modern battery technology.

• Cobalt is another crucial element in lithium-ion batteries, but it is also widely used in the production of high-strength, corrosion-resistant superalloys used in jet engines and gas turbines.

Nickel is a versatile metal with numerous applications. One of its primary uses is in the production of stainless steel, where it imparts strength, ductility, and resistance to corrosion. It is also an important component in certain types of batteries. The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment Bill, 2025, emphasizes securing the domestic supply of these critical minerals to reduce import dependency and support India’s manufacturing and green energy ambitions.

Solution: C

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question With respect to soaps and detergents, which of the following statements is/are correct? Soaps are sodium or potassium salts of long-chain fatty acids, while detergents are primarily derived from petrochemicals. Detergents are more effective cleaning agents in hard water compared to soaps. The manufacturing process of both soaps and detergents involves a step called ‘saponification’. How many of the above statements are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: B Statement 1 is correct. Soaps are produced from natural sources like vegetable oils or animal fats, and are chemically sodium or potassium salts of fatty acids. In contrast, detergents are synthetic cleaning agents, with their primary raw materials being hydrocarbons derived from petroleum. Statement 2 is also correct. Soaps react with the calcium and magnesium ions present in hard water to form an insoluble precipitate (scum), which reduces their cleaning efficiency. Detergents, on the other hand, do not form such precipitates and thus maintain their cleaning action in hard water. Statement 3 is incorrect. Saponification is the chemical reaction used to produce soap, where fats or oils react with an alkali (like NaOH). The manufacturing process for detergents involves different chemical reactions, such as sulphonation, and does not use the saponification process. Incorrect Solution: B Statement 1 is correct. Soaps are produced from natural sources like vegetable oils or animal fats, and are chemically sodium or potassium salts of fatty acids. In contrast, detergents are synthetic cleaning agents, with their primary raw materials being hydrocarbons derived from petroleum. Statement 2 is also correct. Soaps react with the calcium and magnesium ions present in hard water to form an insoluble precipitate (scum), which reduces their cleaning efficiency. Detergents, on the other hand, do not form such precipitates and thus maintain their cleaning action in hard water. Statement 3 is incorrect. Saponification is the chemical reaction used to produce soap, where fats or oils react with an alkali (like NaOH). The manufacturing process for detergents involves different chemical reactions, such as sulphonation, and does not use the saponification process.

#### 4. Question

With respect to soaps and detergents, which of the following statements is/are correct?

• Soaps are sodium or potassium salts of long-chain fatty acids, while detergents are primarily derived from petrochemicals.

• Detergents are more effective cleaning agents in hard water compared to soaps.

• The manufacturing process of both soaps and detergents involves a step called ‘saponification’.

How many of the above statements are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: B

• Statement 1 is correct. Soaps are produced from natural sources like vegetable oils or animal fats, and are chemically sodium or potassium salts of fatty acids. In contrast, detergents are synthetic cleaning agents, with their primary raw materials being hydrocarbons derived from petroleum.

• Statement 2 is also correct. Soaps react with the calcium and magnesium ions present in hard water to form an insoluble precipitate (scum), which reduces their cleaning efficiency. Detergents, on the other hand, do not form such precipitates and thus maintain their cleaning action in hard water.

Statement 3 is incorrect. Saponification is the chemical reaction used to produce soap, where fats or oils react with an alkali (like NaOH). The manufacturing process for detergents involves different chemical reactions, such as sulphonation, and does not use the saponification process.

Solution: B

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Which of the following statements about Orangutans is incorrect? (a) They are the only great apes found in Asia. (b) All three species of orangutans are listed as 'Critically Endangered' on the IUCN Red List. (c) The Tapanuli Orangutan is the most recently discovered and the most abundant species of orangutan. (d) Orangutans have a very slow reproductive rate, with females giving birth only once every 6-8 years. Correct Solution: C Statement (a) is correct; orangutans are the only great apes found in Asia, with their habitat restricted to the rainforests of Borneo and Sumatra. Statement (b) is also correct. All three recognized species of orangutans – the Bornean, Sumatran, and Tapanuli orangutans – are classified as ‘Critically Endangered’ by the IUCN, primarily due to habitat loss and poaching. Statement (d) is correct as well. The slow reproductive cycle of orangutans is a major factor hindering their population recovery. Statement (c) is incorrect. While the Tapanuli Orangutan is the most recently discovered species (in 2017), it is also the rarest, with a population of fewer than 1,000 individuals, making it highly vulnerable to extinction. Incorrect Solution: C Statement (a) is correct; orangutans are the only great apes found in Asia, with their habitat restricted to the rainforests of Borneo and Sumatra. Statement (b) is also correct. All three recognized species of orangutans – the Bornean, Sumatran, and Tapanuli orangutans – are classified as ‘Critically Endangered’ by the IUCN, primarily due to habitat loss and poaching. Statement (d) is correct as well. The slow reproductive cycle of orangutans is a major factor hindering their population recovery. Statement (c) is incorrect. While the Tapanuli Orangutan is the most recently discovered species (in 2017), it is also the rarest, with a population of fewer than 1,000 individuals, making it highly vulnerable to extinction.

#### 5. Question

Which of the following statements about Orangutans is incorrect?

• (a) They are the only great apes found in Asia.

• (b) All three species of orangutans are listed as 'Critically Endangered' on the IUCN Red List.

• (c) The Tapanuli Orangutan is the most recently discovered and the most abundant species of orangutan.

• (d) Orangutans have a very slow reproductive rate, with females giving birth only once every 6-8 years.

Solution: C

• Statement (a) is correct; orangutans are the only great apes found in Asia, with their habitat restricted to the rainforests of Borneo and Sumatra.

• Statement (b) is also correct. All three recognized species of orangutans – the Bornean, Sumatran, and Tapanuli orangutans – are classified as ‘Critically Endangered’ by the IUCN, primarily due to habitat loss and poaching.

• Statement (d) is correct as well. The slow reproductive cycle of orangutans is a major factor hindering their population recovery.

• Statement (c) is incorrect. While the Tapanuli Orangutan is the most recently discovered species (in 2017), it is also the rarest, with a population of fewer than 1,000 individuals, making it highly vulnerable to extinction.

Solution: C

• Statement (a) is correct; orangutans are the only great apes found in Asia, with their habitat restricted to the rainforests of Borneo and Sumatra.

• Statement (d) is correct as well. The slow reproductive cycle of orangutans is a major factor hindering their population recovery.

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