UPSC Editorials Quiz : 22 May 2025

Introducing QUED – Questions from Editorials (UPSC Editorials Quiz) , an innovative initiative from InsightsIAS. Considering the significant number of questions in previous UPSC Prelims from editorials, practicing MCQs from this perspective can provide an extra edge. While we cover important editorials separately in our Editorial Section and SECURE Initiative, adding QUED (UPSC Editorials Quiz) to your daily MCQ practice alongside Static Quiz, Current Affairs Quiz, and InstaDART can be crucial for better performance. We recommend utilizing this initiative to enhance your preparation, with 5 MCQs posted daily at 11 am from Monday to Saturday on our website under the QUIZ menu.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Consider the following statements. Statement-I: In May 2025, China released a new list of “standardized” names for several places in the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh, asserting this action as within its sovereign rights. Statement-II: India consistently maintains that Arunachal Pradesh is an integral and inalienable part of its territory and that such “creative naming” exercises by China do not alter this reality. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements? (a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I. (b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct but Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I. (c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect. (d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. Correct Solution: b) Statement-I is correct. Reports from May 2025 indicate that China’s Ministry of Civil Affairs released its fifth batch of “standardized” names for 27 places in Arunachal Pradesh, which China claims as “Zangnan” or southern Tibet. Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Lin Jian defended this as being within China’s “sovereign rights”. Statement-II is also correct. India has consistently and categorically rejected such moves by China. The Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) spokesperson reiterated in May 2025 that these attempts are “vain and preposterous” and that “creative naming will not alter the undeniable reality that Arunachal Pradesh was, is, and will always remain an integral and inalienable part of India”. However, Statement-II (India’s position) is not an explanation for Statement-I (China’s action). Incorrect Solution: b) Statement-I is correct. Reports from May 2025 indicate that China’s Ministry of Civil Affairs released its fifth batch of “standardized” names for 27 places in Arunachal Pradesh, which China claims as “Zangnan” or southern Tibet. Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Lin Jian defended this as being within China’s “sovereign rights”. Statement-II is also correct. India has consistently and categorically rejected such moves by China. The Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) spokesperson reiterated in May 2025 that these attempts are “vain and preposterous” and that “creative naming will not alter the undeniable reality that Arunachal Pradesh was, is, and will always remain an integral and inalienable part of India”. However, Statement-II (India’s position) is not an explanation for Statement-I (China’s action).

#### 1. Question

Consider the following statements.

Statement-I: In May 2025, China released a new list of “standardized” names for several places in the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh, asserting this action as within its sovereign rights.

Statement-II: India consistently maintains that Arunachal Pradesh is an integral and inalienable part of its territory and that such “creative naming” exercises by China do not alter this reality.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

• (a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I.

• (b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct but Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I.

• (c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect.

• (d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct.

Solution: b)

Statement-I is correct. Reports from May 2025 indicate that China’s Ministry of Civil Affairs released its fifth batch of “standardized” names for 27 places in Arunachal Pradesh, which China claims as “Zangnan” or southern Tibet. Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Lin Jian defended this as being within China’s “sovereign rights”.

Statement-II is also correct. India has consistently and categorically rejected such moves by China. The Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) spokesperson reiterated in May 2025 that these attempts are “vain and preposterous” and that “creative naming will not alter the undeniable reality that Arunachal Pradesh was, is, and will always remain an integral and inalienable part of India”.

However, Statement-II (India’s position) is not an explanation for Statement-I (China’s action).

Solution: b)

However, Statement-II (India’s position) is not an explanation for Statement-I (China’s action).

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following statements regarding coastal shipping and port development under the Sagarmala Programme: The Sagarmala Programme exclusively focuses on the development of Major Ports, leaving Minor Ports under the sole jurisdiction of State Maritime Boards. Coastal shipping in India predominantly involves the transport of bulk cargo like coal, cement, and iron ore, with containerized coastal traffic remaining negligible. The programme mandates the construction of dedicated coastal berths at all participating ports, structurally distinct from berths handling international cargo. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: d) Statement 1 is incorrect. The Sagarmala Programme aims for holistic port infrastructure development, including both Major and Non-Major (Minor) ports. It seeks to improve connectivity and efficiency across the entire port sector, often involving coordination between central and state authorities, although Minor Ports remain under state jurisdiction. It doesn’t exclusively focus on Major Ports. Statement 2 is incorrect. While bulk cargo forms a significant portion of coastal shipping, containerized coastal traffic, though smaller than international container traffic, is not negligible and is an area targeted for growth under initiatives like Sagarmala to reduce road/rail congestion. Efforts are ongoing to increase its share. Statement 3 is incorrect. While Sagarmala encourages the development of infrastructure suitable for coastal shipping, including potentially dedicated berths or terminals where feasible and economically viable, it does not universally mandate the construction of structurally distinct dedicated coastal berths at all participating ports. Infrastructure development is based on specific project requirements and traffic potential. Existing berths are often used or upgraded. Incorrect Solution: d) Statement 1 is incorrect. The Sagarmala Programme aims for holistic port infrastructure development, including both Major and Non-Major (Minor) ports. It seeks to improve connectivity and efficiency across the entire port sector, often involving coordination between central and state authorities, although Minor Ports remain under state jurisdiction. It doesn’t exclusively focus on Major Ports. Statement 2 is incorrect. While bulk cargo forms a significant portion of coastal shipping, containerized coastal traffic, though smaller than international container traffic, is not negligible and is an area targeted for growth under initiatives like Sagarmala to reduce road/rail congestion. Efforts are ongoing to increase its share. Statement 3 is incorrect. While Sagarmala encourages the development of infrastructure suitable for coastal shipping, including potentially dedicated berths or terminals where feasible and economically viable, it does not universally mandate the construction of structurally distinct dedicated coastal berths at all participating ports. Infrastructure development is based on specific project requirements and traffic potential. Existing berths are often used or upgraded.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements regarding coastal shipping and port development under the Sagarmala Programme:

• The Sagarmala Programme exclusively focuses on the development of Major Ports, leaving Minor Ports under the sole jurisdiction of State Maritime Boards.

• Coastal shipping in India predominantly involves the transport of bulk cargo like coal, cement, and iron ore, with containerized coastal traffic remaining negligible.

• The programme mandates the construction of dedicated coastal berths at all participating ports, structurally distinct from berths handling international cargo.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: d)

• Statement 1 is incorrect. The Sagarmala Programme aims for holistic port infrastructure development, including both Major and Non-Major (Minor) ports. It seeks to improve connectivity and efficiency across the entire port sector, often involving coordination between central and state authorities, although Minor Ports remain under state jurisdiction. It doesn’t exclusively focus on Major Ports.

• Statement 2 is incorrect. While bulk cargo forms a significant portion of coastal shipping, containerized coastal traffic, though smaller than international container traffic, is not negligible and is an area targeted for growth under initiatives like Sagarmala to reduce road/rail congestion. Efforts are ongoing to increase its share.

• Statement 3 is incorrect. While Sagarmala encourages the development of infrastructure suitable for coastal shipping, including potentially dedicated berths or terminals where feasible and economically viable, it does not universally mandate the construction of structurally distinct dedicated coastal berths at all participating ports. Infrastructure development is based on specific project requirements and traffic potential. Existing berths are often used or upgraded.

Solution: d)

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Consider the following statements regarding the IndiaAI Mission: The mission aims to establish a comprehensive ecosystem for AI innovation through strategic programs and partnerships across public and private sectors. A significant component of the mission is the creation of AI marketplaces designed to offer AI as a service. The mission is solely funded through international collaborations and private equity investments to ensure global competitiveness. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 1 is correct. The IndiaAI Mission is designed to establish a comprehensive ecosystem that catalyzes AI innovation through strategic programs and partnerships across both public and private sectors. This aligns with the vision of “Making AI in India and Making AI Work for India.” Statement 2 is correct. One of the key components of the IndiaAI Mission includes the development of AI marketplaces. These marketplaces are intended to offer AI as a service and pre-trained models to innovators and startups, thereby democratizing access to AI tools. The broader aim is to foster innovation and application development. Statement 3 is incorrect. The IndiaAI Mission has a significant budget outlay of Rs. 10,371.92 crore approved by the Union Cabinet. While it encourages partnerships, including international collaborations, it is not solely funded by external sources or private equity. It involves substantial government investment to build foundational capabilities and infrastructure. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 1 is correct. The IndiaAI Mission is designed to establish a comprehensive ecosystem that catalyzes AI innovation through strategic programs and partnerships across both public and private sectors. This aligns with the vision of “Making AI in India and Making AI Work for India.” Statement 2 is correct. One of the key components of the IndiaAI Mission includes the development of AI marketplaces. These marketplaces are intended to offer AI as a service and pre-trained models to innovators and startups, thereby democratizing access to AI tools. The broader aim is to foster innovation and application development. Statement 3 is incorrect. The IndiaAI Mission has a significant budget outlay of Rs. 10,371.92 crore approved by the Union Cabinet. While it encourages partnerships, including international collaborations, it is not solely funded by external sources or private equity. It involves substantial government investment to build foundational capabilities and infrastructure.

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the IndiaAI Mission:

• The mission aims to establish a comprehensive ecosystem for AI innovation through strategic programs and partnerships across public and private sectors.

• A significant component of the mission is the creation of AI marketplaces designed to offer AI as a service.

• The mission is solely funded through international collaborations and private equity investments to ensure global competitiveness.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: b)

• Statement 1 is correct. The IndiaAI Mission is designed to establish a comprehensive ecosystem that catalyzes AI innovation through strategic programs and partnerships across both public and private sectors. This aligns with the vision of “Making AI in India and Making AI Work for India.”

• Statement 2 is correct. One of the key components of the IndiaAI Mission includes the development of AI marketplaces. These marketplaces are intended to offer AI as a service and pre-trained models to innovators and startups, thereby democratizing access to AI tools. The broader aim is to foster innovation and application development.

• Statement 3 is incorrect. The IndiaAI Mission has a significant budget outlay of Rs. 10,371.92 crore approved by the Union Cabinet. While it encourages partnerships, including international collaborations, it is not solely funded by external sources or private equity. It involves substantial government investment to build foundational capabilities and infrastructure.

Solution: b)

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Consider the following statements regarding Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) technologies: CCUS involves capturing CO2 emissions primarily from industrial sources and power plants. Captured CO2 can be utilized to produce value-added products like green urea and building materials. India has negligible geological storage potential for CO2, making utilization the only viable option. The cement sector is not a significant contributor to CO2 emissions that would necessitate CCUS. How many of the above statements are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) Only three (d) All four Correct Solution: b) Statement 1 is correct. CCUS technologies are designed to capture carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from large point sources, including industrial facilities (like cement and steel plants) and power generation plants. Statement 2 is correct. A key aspect of CCUS is the “utilization” of captured CO2. This involves converting it into various value-added products such as green urea, methanol, biodegradable plastics, building materials (e.g., concrete aggregates), and fuels, thereby promoting a circular economy. Statement 3 is incorrect. India possesses significant potential for geological storage of CO2. Regions like the Krishna-Godavari Basin, Deccan Traps, and mature oil and gas fields offer substantial CO2 storage capacity, which is crucial for long-term carbon management. Statement 4 is incorrect. The cement sector is a significant contributor to CO2 emissions in India, accounting for approximately 5.8% of the country’s total CO2 emissions. For this sector, CCUS is considered a key abatement lever for 35% to 45% of its emissions. India has launched Carbon Capture Testbeds specifically to decarbonize the cement industry. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 1 is correct. CCUS technologies are designed to capture carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from large point sources, including industrial facilities (like cement and steel plants) and power generation plants. Statement 2 is correct. A key aspect of CCUS is the “utilization” of captured CO2. This involves converting it into various value-added products such as green urea, methanol, biodegradable plastics, building materials (e.g., concrete aggregates), and fuels, thereby promoting a circular economy. Statement 3 is incorrect. India possesses significant potential for geological storage of CO2. Regions like the Krishna-Godavari Basin, Deccan Traps, and mature oil and gas fields offer substantial CO2 storage capacity, which is crucial for long-term carbon management. Statement 4 is incorrect. The cement sector is a significant contributor to CO2 emissions in India, accounting for approximately 5.8% of the country’s total CO2 emissions. For this sector, CCUS is considered a key abatement lever for 35% to 45% of its emissions. India has launched Carbon Capture Testbeds specifically to decarbonize the cement industry.

#### 4. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) technologies:

• CCUS involves capturing CO2 emissions primarily from industrial sources and power plants.

• Captured CO2 can be utilized to produce value-added products like green urea and building materials.

• India has negligible geological storage potential for CO2, making utilization the only viable option.

• The cement sector is not a significant contributor to CO2 emissions that would necessitate CCUS.

How many of the above statements are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) Only three

• (d) All four

Solution: b)

• Statement 1 is correct. CCUS technologies are designed to capture carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from large point sources, including industrial facilities (like cement and steel plants) and power generation plants.

• Statement 2 is correct. A key aspect of CCUS is the “utilization” of captured CO2. This involves converting it into various value-added products such as green urea, methanol, biodegradable plastics, building materials (e.g., concrete aggregates), and fuels, thereby promoting a circular economy.

• Statement 3 is incorrect. India possesses significant potential for geological storage of CO2. Regions like the Krishna-Godavari Basin, Deccan Traps, and mature oil and gas fields offer substantial CO2 storage capacity, which is crucial for long-term carbon management.

• Statement 4 is incorrect. The cement sector is a significant contributor to CO2 emissions in India, accounting for approximately 5.8% of the country’s total CO2 emissions. For this sector, CCUS is considered a key abatement lever for 35% to 45% of its emissions. India has launched Carbon Capture Testbeds specifically to decarbonize the cement industry.

Solution: b)

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question With reference to the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY), consider the following statements: It is primarily focused on promoting marine capture fisheries, with minimal emphasis on aquaculture development. A key objective of the scheme is to double fishers’ and fish farmers’ incomes and reduce post-harvest losses. The scheme includes provisions for credit-linked subsidies and support for infrastructure development like fishing harbors and cold chains. How many of the above statements is/are incorrect? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: a) Statement 1 is incorrect. The Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) aims for the holistic development of the fisheries sector, encompassing both marine and inland fisheries, as well as aquaculture. It is not primarily focused only on marine capture fisheries; aquaculture development is a significant component. The Pradhan Mantri Matsya Kisan Samridhi Sah-Yojana (PM-MKSSY) is a sub-scheme under PMMSY that includes promotion of aquaculture insurance and support for fisheries microenterprises, indicating a focus on aquaculture. Statement 2 is correct. A major objective of PMMSY is to enhance fish production and productivity, double the incomes of fishers and fish farmers, reduce post-harvest losses, and generate employment opportunities. Statement 3 is correct. PMMSY provides financial assistance for infrastructure development such as fishing harbors, landing centers, cold chains, markets, feed plants, and seed farms. It also includes provisions for credit-linked subsidies to encourage fish farming as a business. Incorrect Solution: a) Statement 1 is incorrect. The Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) aims for the holistic development of the fisheries sector, encompassing both marine and inland fisheries, as well as aquaculture. It is not primarily focused only on marine capture fisheries; aquaculture development is a significant component. The Pradhan Mantri Matsya Kisan Samridhi Sah-Yojana (PM-MKSSY) is a sub-scheme under PMMSY that includes promotion of aquaculture insurance and support for fisheries microenterprises, indicating a focus on aquaculture. Statement 2 is correct. A major objective of PMMSY is to enhance fish production and productivity, double the incomes of fishers and fish farmers, reduce post-harvest losses, and generate employment opportunities. Statement 3 is correct. PMMSY provides financial assistance for infrastructure development such as fishing harbors, landing centers, cold chains, markets, feed plants, and seed farms. It also includes provisions for credit-linked subsidies to encourage fish farming as a business.

#### 5. Question

With reference to the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY), consider the following statements:

• It is primarily focused on promoting marine capture fisheries, with minimal emphasis on aquaculture development.

• A key objective of the scheme is to double fishers’ and fish farmers’ incomes and reduce post-harvest losses.

• The scheme includes provisions for credit-linked subsidies and support for infrastructure development like fishing harbors and cold chains.

How many of the above statements is/are incorrect?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: a)

• Statement 1 is incorrect. The Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) aims for the holistic development of the fisheries sector, encompassing both marine and inland fisheries, as well as aquaculture. It is not primarily focused only on marine capture fisheries; aquaculture development is a significant component. The Pradhan Mantri Matsya Kisan Samridhi Sah-Yojana (PM-MKSSY) is a sub-scheme under PMMSY that includes promotion of aquaculture insurance and support for fisheries microenterprises, indicating a focus on aquaculture.

• Statement 2 is correct. A major objective of PMMSY is to enhance fish production and productivity, double the incomes of fishers and fish farmers, reduce post-harvest losses, and generate employment opportunities.

• Statement 3 is correct. PMMSY provides financial assistance for infrastructure development such as fishing harbors, landing centers, cold chains, markets, feed plants, and seed farms. It also includes provisions for credit-linked subsidies to encourage fish farming as a business.

Solution: a)

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