UPSC Editorials Quiz : 21 March 2024

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Introducing QUED – Questions from Editorials, an innovative initiative from InsightsIAS. Considering the significant number of questions in previous UPSC Prelims from editorials, practicing MCQs from this perspective can provide an extra edge. While we cover important editorials separately in our Editorial Section and SECURE Initiative, adding QUED to your daily MCQ practice alongside Static Quiz, Current Affairs Quiz, and InstaDART can be crucial for better performance. We recommend utilizing this initiative to enhance your preparation, with 5 MCQs posted daily at 11 am from Monday to Saturday on our website under the QUIZ menu. Best of luck! 🙂

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Consider the following statements regarding Prototype fast breeder reactor (PFBR). Prototype fast breeder reactor (PFBR) produces more nuclear fuel than it consumes. It is designed by Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR), Kalpakkam. The operationalisation of the PFBR will mark the end of India’s three-stage nuclear power programme. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 3 is incorrect. On March 4, Prime Minister Narendra Modi witnessed the start of the process of core-loading the indigenous prototype fast breeder reactor (PFBR) at the Madras Atomic Power Station in Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu. The PFBR is a machine that produces more nuclear fuel than it consumes. Its core-loading event is being hailed as a “milestone” because the operationalisation of the PFBR will mark the start of stage II of India’s three-stage nuclear power programme. The Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR), Kalpakkam, designed the PFBR. The PFBR has a capacity of 500 MWe. In 2019, the DAE proposed building four more fast breeder reactors (FBRs) of 600 MWe capacity each – two in Kalpakkam from 2021 and two from 2025, with sites to be selected. Source Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 3 is incorrect. On March 4, Prime Minister Narendra Modi witnessed the start of the process of core-loading the indigenous prototype fast breeder reactor (PFBR) at the Madras Atomic Power Station in Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu. The PFBR is a machine that produces more nuclear fuel than it consumes. Its core-loading event is being hailed as a “milestone” because the operationalisation of the PFBR will mark the start of stage II of India’s three-stage nuclear power programme. The Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR), Kalpakkam, designed the PFBR. The PFBR has a capacity of 500 MWe. In 2019, the DAE proposed building four more fast breeder reactors (FBRs) of 600 MWe capacity each – two in Kalpakkam from 2021 and two from 2025, with sites to be selected. Source

#### 1. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Prototype fast breeder reactor (PFBR).

• Prototype fast breeder reactor (PFBR) produces more nuclear fuel than it consumes.

• It is designed by Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR), Kalpakkam.

• The operationalisation of the PFBR will mark the end of India’s three-stage nuclear power programme.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 3 is incorrect.

On March 4, Prime Minister Narendra Modi witnessed the start of the process of core-loading the indigenous prototype fast breeder reactor (PFBR) at the Madras Atomic Power Station in Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu.

The PFBR is a machine that produces more nuclear fuel than it consumes. Its core-loading event is being hailed as a “milestone” because the operationalisation of the PFBR will mark the start of stage II of India’s three-stage nuclear power programme.

The Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR), Kalpakkam, designed the PFBR.

The PFBR has a capacity of 500 MWe. In 2019, the DAE proposed building four more fast breeder reactors (FBRs) of 600 MWe capacity each – two in Kalpakkam from 2021 and two from 2025, with sites to be selected.

Solution: b)

Statement 3 is incorrect.

The Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR), Kalpakkam, designed the PFBR.

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Recently ‘Orans’ that were in news with respect to Rajasthan are a) Dry lands b) Migratory birds c) Solitary and arboreal animals d) Sacred groves Correct Solution: d) Communities, particularly those in western Rajasthan, are concerned about the state’s proposal to classify *orans* (sacred groves) as deemed forests. Communities believe that once the oran is declared as deemed forest, they will be deprived of forest produce and access for herds and sheep in the forest area. Source Incorrect Solution: d) Communities, particularly those in western Rajasthan, are concerned about the state’s proposal to classify *orans* (sacred groves) as deemed forests. Communities believe that once the oran is declared as deemed forest, they will be deprived of forest produce and access for herds and sheep in the forest area. Source

#### 2. Question

Recently ‘Orans’ that were in news with respect to Rajasthan are

• a) Dry lands

• b) Migratory birds

• c) Solitary and arboreal animals

• d) Sacred groves

Solution: d)

Communities, particularly those in western Rajasthan, are concerned about the state’s proposal to classify *orans* (sacred groves) as deemed forests. Communities believe that once the oran is declared as deemed forest, they will be deprived of forest produce and access for herds and sheep in the forest area.

Solution: d)

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Consider the following statements. Deflationrefers to a period when even though prices are rising it is happening at a slower rate each passing month. Disinflation is the exact opposite of inflation. Reflationtypically follows deflation as policymakers try to pump up economic activity either by government spending more and/or interest rates being reduced. How many of the above statements are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: a) Only statement 3 is correct. Disinflation refers to the trend when the inflation rate decelerates. Suppose it was 10% in April, 7% in May and 5% in June. This is disinflation. In other words, disinflation refers to a period when even though prices are rising (or inflation is happening), it is happening at a slower rate each passing month. Deflation is the exact opposite of inflation. Imagine if the general prices level in June was 5% lower than what it was in June last year. That’s deflation. Reflation typically follows deflation as policymakers try to pump up economic activity either by government spending more and/or interest rates being reduced. Incorrect Solution: a) Only statement 3 is correct. Disinflation refers to the trend when the inflation rate decelerates. Suppose it was 10% in April, 7% in May and 5% in June. This is disinflation. In other words, disinflation refers to a period when even though prices are rising (or inflation is happening), it is happening at a slower rate each passing month. Deflation is the exact opposite of inflation. Imagine if the general prices level in June was 5% lower than what it was in June last year. That’s deflation. Reflation typically follows deflation as policymakers try to pump up economic activity either by government spending more and/or interest rates being reduced.

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements.

• Deflationrefers to a period when even though prices are rising it is happening at a slower rate each passing month.

• Disinflation is the exact opposite of inflation.

• Reflationtypically follows deflation as policymakers try to pump up economic activity either by government spending more and/or interest rates being reduced.

How many of the above statements are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: a)

Only statement 3 is correct.

Disinflation refers to the trend when the inflation rate decelerates. Suppose it was 10% in April, 7% in May and 5% in June. This is disinflation. In other words, disinflation refers to a period when even though prices are rising (or inflation is happening), it is happening at a slower rate each passing month.

Deflation is the exact opposite of inflation. Imagine if the general prices level in June was 5% lower than what it was in June last year. That’s deflation.

Reflation typically follows deflation as policymakers try to pump up economic activity either by government spending more and/or interest rates being reduced.

Solution: a)

Only statement 3 is correct.

Deflation is the exact opposite of inflation. Imagine if the general prices level in June was 5% lower than what it was in June last year. That’s deflation.

Reflation typically follows deflation as policymakers try to pump up economic activity either by government spending more and/or interest rates being reduced.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Consider the following statements. Seaweeds are a type of marine algae, often found in coastal waters. Seaweed species such as kelps provide essential nursery habitat for fisheries and other marine species. Sagar Parikrama Yatra aims to raise awareness about sustainable marine resource use and promote schemes for coastal communities. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: c) Seaweeds are a type of marine algae, often found in coastal waters. It can vary in size and colour and is used in various industries, including food, cosmetics, and agriculture. Seaweed is rich in nutrients and has diverse applications worldwide. Seaweed species such as kelps provide essential nursery habitat for fisheries and other marine species and thus protect food sources; other species, such as planktonic algae, play a vital role in capturing carbon, producing at least 50% of Earth’s oxygen. About Sagar Parikrama Yatra It aims to raise awareness about sustainable marine resource use and promote schemes for coastal communities. It emphasizes a balance between marine resource use for food security and livelihoods while protecting marine ecosystems. Incorrect Solution: c) Seaweeds are a type of marine algae, often found in coastal waters. It can vary in size and colour and is used in various industries, including food, cosmetics, and agriculture. Seaweed is rich in nutrients and has diverse applications worldwide. Seaweed species such as kelps provide essential nursery habitat for fisheries and other marine species and thus protect food sources; other species, such as planktonic algae, play a vital role in capturing carbon, producing at least 50% of Earth’s oxygen. About Sagar Parikrama Yatra It aims to raise awareness about sustainable marine resource use and promote schemes for coastal communities. It emphasizes a balance between marine resource use for food security and livelihoods while protecting marine ecosystems.

#### 4. Question

Consider the following statements.

• Seaweeds are a type of marine algae, often found in coastal waters.

• Seaweed species such as kelps provide essential nursery habitat for fisheries and other marine species.

• Sagar Parikrama Yatra aims to raise awareness about sustainable marine resource use and promote schemes for coastal communities.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: c)

Seaweeds are a type of marine algae, often found in coastal waters. It can vary in size and colour and is used in various industries, including food, cosmetics, and agriculture. Seaweed is rich in nutrients and has diverse applications worldwide.

Seaweed species such as kelps provide essential nursery habitat for fisheries and other marine species and thus protect food sources; other species, such as planktonic algae, play a vital role in capturing carbon, producing at least 50% of Earth’s oxygen.

About Sagar Parikrama Yatra

It aims to raise awareness about sustainable marine resource use and promote schemes for coastal communities. It emphasizes a balance between marine resource use for food security and livelihoods while protecting marine ecosystems.

Solution: c)

About Sagar Parikrama Yatra

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Consider the following statements regarding Rare Earth Minerals. They are called ‘rare earth’ because earlier it was difficult to extract them from their oxides forms technologically. The magnets made from rare earths are more powerful than conventional ones. Not all rare earth elements (REE) are available in Indian deposits in extractable quantities. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: c) The rare earth minerals (REM) are a set of seventeen metallic elements. These include the fifteen lanthanides on the periodic table in addition to scandium and yttrium that show similar physical and chemical properties to the lanthanides. They are called ‘rare earth’ because earlier it was difficult to extract them from their oxides forms technologically. For instance, magnets made from rare earths are many times more powerful than conventional ones. Some REEs are available in India — such as Lanthanum, Cerium, Neodymium, Praseodymium and Samarium, etc. Others such as Dysprosium, Terbium, and Europium, which are classified as heavy REEs (HREEs), are not available in Indian deposits in extractable quantities. Hence, there is a dependence on countries such as China for HREEs, which is one of the leading producers of REEs, with an estimated 70 per cent share of the global production. Incorrect Solution: c) The rare earth minerals (REM) are a set of seventeen metallic elements. These include the fifteen lanthanides on the periodic table in addition to scandium and yttrium that show similar physical and chemical properties to the lanthanides. They are called ‘rare earth’ because earlier it was difficult to extract them from their oxides forms technologically. For instance, magnets made from rare earths are many times more powerful than conventional ones. Some REEs are available in India — such as Lanthanum, Cerium, Neodymium, Praseodymium and Samarium, etc. Others such as Dysprosium, Terbium, and Europium, which are classified as heavy REEs (HREEs), are not available in Indian deposits in extractable quantities. Hence, there is a dependence on countries such as China for HREEs, which is one of the leading producers of REEs, with an estimated 70 per cent share of the global production.

#### 5. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Rare Earth Minerals.

• They are called ‘rare earth’ because earlier it was difficult to extract them from their oxides forms technologically.

• The magnets made from rare earths are more powerful than conventional ones.

• Not all rare earth elements (REE) are available in Indian deposits in extractable quantities.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: c)

The rare earth minerals (REM) are a set of seventeen metallic elements. These include the fifteen lanthanides on the periodic table in addition to scandium and yttrium that show similar physical and chemical properties to the lanthanides.

They are called ‘rare earth’ because earlier it was difficult to extract them from their oxides forms technologically.

For instance, magnets made from rare earths are many times more powerful than conventional ones.

Some REEs are available in India — such as Lanthanum, Cerium, Neodymium, Praseodymium and Samarium, etc. Others such as Dysprosium, Terbium, and Europium, which are classified as heavy REEs (HREEs), are not available in Indian deposits in extractable quantities. Hence, there is a dependence on countries such as China for HREEs, which is one of the leading producers of REEs, with an estimated 70 per cent share of the global production.

Solution: c)

They are called ‘rare earth’ because earlier it was difficult to extract them from their oxides forms technologically.

For instance, magnets made from rare earths are many times more powerful than conventional ones.

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