UPSC Editorials Quiz : 20 March 2025

Introducing QUED – Questions from Editorials (UPSC Editorials Quiz) , an innovative initiative from InsightsIAS. Considering the significant number of questions in previous UPSC Prelims from editorials, practicing MCQs from this perspective can provide an extra edge. While we cover important editorials separately in our Editorial Section and SECURE Initiative, adding QUED (UPSC Editorials Quiz) to your daily MCQ practice alongside Static Quiz, Current Affairs Quiz, and InstaDART can be crucial for better performance. We recommend utilizing this initiative to enhance your preparation, with 5 MCQs posted daily at 11 am from Monday to Saturday on our website under the QUIZ menu.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Which of the following correctly describe the objectives of the Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC)? Independence and increased choices for consumers. Centralization of e-commerce activities. Inclusivity and access for sellers. Profit maximization for the ONDC platform. Select the correct answer code: a) 2 and 4 only b) 1 and 3 only c) 1 and 2 only d) 1, 3, and 4 only Correct Solution: b) Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC) connects e-marketplaces, enabling sellers and brands to list and sell products directly to customers, bypassing middlemen. It transitions from a platform-centric model to an open-source network for buying and selling goods and services. Statement 1 is correct: ONDC seeks to provide consumers with more independence and choices by opening up the marketplace to a broader range of sellers. Statement 2 is incorrect: ONDC is focused on decentralizing e-commerce, not centralizing it. Statement 3 is correct: One of ONDC’s objectives is to ensure inclusivity and access for sellers, particularly small businesses and MSMEs. Statement 4 is incorrect: As a not-for-profit entity, ONDC is not focused on profit maximization but on improving the e-commerce ecosystem in India. Incorrect Solution: b) Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC) connects e-marketplaces, enabling sellers and brands to list and sell products directly to customers, bypassing middlemen. It transitions from a platform-centric model to an open-source network for buying and selling goods and services. Statement 1 is correct: ONDC seeks to provide consumers with more independence and choices by opening up the marketplace to a broader range of sellers. Statement 2 is incorrect: ONDC is focused on decentralizing e-commerce, not centralizing it. Statement 3 is correct: One of ONDC’s objectives is to ensure inclusivity and access for sellers, particularly small businesses and MSMEs. Statement 4 is incorrect: As a not-for-profit entity, ONDC is not focused on profit maximization but on improving the e-commerce ecosystem in India.

#### 1. Question

Which of the following correctly describe the objectives of the Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC)?

• Independence and increased choices for consumers.

• Centralization of e-commerce activities.

• Inclusivity and access for sellers.

• Profit maximization for the ONDC platform.

Select the correct answer code:

• a) 2 and 4 only

• b) 1 and 3 only

• c) 1 and 2 only

• d) 1, 3, and 4 only

Solution: b)

Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC) connects e-marketplaces, enabling sellers and brands to list and sell products directly to customers, bypassing middlemen. It transitions from a platform-centric model to an open-source network for buying and selling goods and services.

Statement 1 is correct: ONDC seeks to provide consumers with more independence and choices by opening up the marketplace to a broader range of sellers.

Statement 2 is incorrect: ONDC is focused on decentralizing e-commerce, not centralizing it.

Statement 3 is correct: One of ONDC’s objectives is to ensure inclusivity and access for sellers, particularly small businesses and MSMEs.

Statement 4 is incorrect: As a not-for-profit entity, ONDC is not focused on profit maximization but on improving the e-commerce ecosystem in India.

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is correct: ONDC seeks to provide consumers with more independence and choices by opening up the marketplace to a broader range of sellers.

Statement 2 is incorrect: ONDC is focused on decentralizing e-commerce, not centralizing it.

Statement 3 is correct: One of ONDC’s objectives is to ensure inclusivity and access for sellers, particularly small businesses and MSMEs.

Statement 4 is incorrect: As a not-for-profit entity, ONDC is not focused on profit maximization but on improving the e-commerce ecosystem in India.

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following statements regarding the territorial disputes in the South China Sea: The Scarborough Shoal is a disputed territory between China and the Philippines. The Spratly Islands are claimed by multiple countries, including China, Vietnam, and the Philippines. Taiwan does not make any claims in the South China Sea. How many of the above statements is/are incorrect? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: a) Statement 1 is correct: The Scarborough Shoal is indeed a disputed territory between China and the Philippines. Statement 2 is correct: The Spratly Islands are claimed by multiple countries, including China, Vietnam, the Philippines, and others, making it one of the most contested areas in the South China Sea. Statement 3 is incorrect: Taiwan also makes claims in the South China Sea, including over the Spratly Islands and the Paracel Islands. Incorrect Solution: a) Statement 1 is correct: The Scarborough Shoal is indeed a disputed territory between China and the Philippines. Statement 2 is correct: The Spratly Islands are claimed by multiple countries, including China, Vietnam, the Philippines, and others, making it one of the most contested areas in the South China Sea. Statement 3 is incorrect: Taiwan also makes claims in the South China Sea, including over the Spratly Islands and the Paracel Islands.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the territorial disputes in the South China Sea:

• The Scarborough Shoal is a disputed territory between China and the Philippines.

• The Spratly Islands are claimed by multiple countries, including China, Vietnam, and the Philippines.

• Taiwan does not make any claims in the South China Sea.

How many of the above statements is/are incorrect?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is correct: The Scarborough Shoal is indeed a disputed territory between China and the Philippines.

Statement 2 is correct: The Spratly Islands are claimed by multiple countries, including China, Vietnam, the Philippines, and others, making it one of the most contested areas in the South China Sea.

Statement 3 is incorrect: Taiwan also makes claims in the South China Sea, including over the Spratly Islands and the Paracel Islands.

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is correct: The Scarborough Shoal is indeed a disputed territory between China and the Philippines.

Statement 2 is correct: The Spratly Islands are claimed by multiple countries, including China, Vietnam, the Philippines, and others, making it one of the most contested areas in the South China Sea.

Statement 3 is incorrect: Taiwan also makes claims in the South China Sea, including over the Spratly Islands and the Paracel Islands.

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Consider the following statements about antimatter: Antimatter is composed of antiparticles, which have the same mass as ordinary matter particles but possess opposite electric charges. The antimatter counterpart of an electron is the positron, which has a positive charge. When matter and antimatter come into contact, they annihilate each other, releasing energy. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: c) Scientists discovered the heaviest antimatter particle, named antihyperhydrogen-4, at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider in New York. What is Antimatter? Antimatter is a type of matter composed of antiparticles, which have the same mass as ordinary matter particles but possess opposite electric charges. For example, the antimatter counterpart of an electron (which has a negative charge) is the positron, which has the same mass as an electron but a positive charge. Similarly, the antiproton is the antimatter equivalent of a proton, having the same mass but an opposite, negative charge. Example: Matter: A hydrogen atom is made of one proton (positively charged) and one electron (negatively charged). Antimatter: The antimatter version, antihydrogen, consists of one antiproton (negatively charged) and one positron (positively charged). Difference from Matter: The key difference between matter and antimatter lies in the charges of their particles. When matter and antimatter come into contact, they annihilate each other, releasing energy in the process. This process is governed by the same fundamental forces, but the charge reversal leads to the annihilation phenomenon. Despite equal amounts of matter and antimatter being produced at the universe’s birth, matter dominates today. Scientists are still exploring why this imbalance occurred. Incorrect Solution: c) Scientists discovered the heaviest antimatter particle, named antihyperhydrogen-4, at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider in New York. What is Antimatter? Antimatter is a type of matter composed of antiparticles, which have the same mass as ordinary matter particles but possess opposite electric charges. For example, the antimatter counterpart of an electron (which has a negative charge) is the positron, which has the same mass as an electron but a positive charge. Similarly, the antiproton is the antimatter equivalent of a proton, having the same mass but an opposite, negative charge. Example: Matter: A hydrogen atom is made of one proton (positively charged) and one electron (negatively charged). Antimatter: The antimatter version, antihydrogen, consists of one antiproton (negatively charged) and one positron (positively charged). Difference from Matter: The key difference between matter and antimatter lies in the charges of their particles. When matter and antimatter come into contact, they annihilate each other, releasing energy in the process. This process is governed by the same fundamental forces, but the charge reversal leads to the annihilation phenomenon. Despite equal amounts of matter and antimatter being produced at the universe’s birth, matter dominates today. Scientists are still exploring why this imbalance occurred.

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements about antimatter:

• Antimatter is composed of antiparticles, which have the same mass as ordinary matter particles but possess opposite electric charges.

• The antimatter counterpart of an electron is the positron, which has a positive charge.

• When matter and antimatter come into contact, they annihilate each other, releasing energy.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: c)

Scientists discovered the heaviest antimatter particle, named antihyperhydrogen-4, at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider in New York.

What is Antimatter?

Antimatter is a type of matter composed of antiparticles, which have the same mass as ordinary matter particles but possess opposite electric charges. For example, the antimatter counterpart of an electron (which has a negative charge) is the positron, which has the same mass as an electron but a positive charge. Similarly, the antiproton is the antimatter equivalent of a proton, having the same mass but an opposite, negative charge.

Example:

• Matter: A hydrogen atom is made of one proton (positively charged) and one electron (negatively charged).

• Antimatter: The antimatter version, antihydrogen, consists of one antiproton (negatively charged) and one positron (positively charged).

Difference from Matter:

The key difference between matter and antimatter lies in the charges of their particles. When matter and antimatter come into contact, they annihilate each other, releasing energy in the process. This process is governed by the same fundamental forces, but the charge reversal leads to the annihilation phenomenon.

Despite equal amounts of matter and antimatter being produced at the universe’s birth, matter dominates today. Scientists are still exploring why this imbalance occurred.

Solution: c)

Scientists discovered the heaviest antimatter particle, named antihyperhydrogen-4, at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider in New York.

What is Antimatter?

Example:

• Matter: A hydrogen atom is made of one proton (positively charged) and one electron (negatively charged).

• Antimatter: The antimatter version, antihydrogen, consists of one antiproton (negatively charged) and one positron (positively charged).

Difference from Matter:

Despite equal amounts of matter and antimatter being produced at the universe’s birth, matter dominates today. Scientists are still exploring why this imbalance occurred.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Consider the following statements regarding A1 and A2 milk: A1 beta-casein is found primarily in cow breeds from northern Europe, such as Holstein and Friesian. A2 milk is distinct because it contains both A1 and A2 beta-casein proteins. A2 beta-casein is found in breeds like Guernsey and Jersey cows. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 1 is correct as A1 beta-casein is found mainly in cow breeds from northern Europe, such as Holstein and Friesian. Statement 2 is incorrect because A2 milk is distinct because it contains only the A2 variant of beta-casein, not both A1 and A2. Statement 3 is correct as A2 beta-casein is found in breeds like Guernsey and Jersey cows. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 1 is correct as A1 beta-casein is found mainly in cow breeds from northern Europe, such as Holstein and Friesian. Statement 2 is incorrect because A2 milk is distinct because it contains only the A2 variant of beta-casein, not both A1 and A2. Statement 3 is correct as A2 beta-casein is found in breeds like Guernsey and Jersey cows.

#### 4. Question

Consider the following statements regarding A1 and A2 milk:

• A1 beta-casein is found primarily in cow breeds from northern Europe, such as Holstein and Friesian.

• A2 milk is distinct because it contains both A1 and A2 beta-casein proteins.

• A2 beta-casein is found in breeds like Guernsey and Jersey cows.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is correct as A1 beta-casein is found mainly in cow breeds from northern Europe, such as Holstein and Friesian.

Statement 2 is incorrect because A2 milk is distinct because it contains only the A2 variant of beta-casein, not both A1 and A2.

Statement 3 is correct as A2 beta-casein is found in breeds like Guernsey and Jersey cows.

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is correct as A1 beta-casein is found mainly in cow breeds from northern Europe, such as Holstein and Friesian.

Statement 2 is incorrect because A2 milk is distinct because it contains only the A2 variant of beta-casein, not both A1 and A2.

Statement 3 is correct as A2 beta-casein is found in breeds like Guernsey and Jersey cows.

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Which of the following best describes the function of mRNA in mRNA vaccines? a) mRNA triggers the production of DNA in the host cells b) mRNA directly attacks the virus upon vaccination c) mRNA serves as a blueprint for cells to produce viral proteins that trigger an immune response d) mRNA integrates into the host genome to provide long-term immunity Correct Solution: c) The mRNA vaccines carry genetic instructions in the form of mRNA, which does not integrate into the host genome but rather serves as a template for cells to produce specific viral proteins, such as the spike protein of the coronavirus. These proteins are then displayed on the cell surface, triggering the immune system to produce antibodies and activate T cells, which provide immunity against the virus. Incorrect Solution: c) The mRNA vaccines carry genetic instructions in the form of mRNA, which does not integrate into the host genome but rather serves as a template for cells to produce specific viral proteins, such as the spike protein of the coronavirus. These proteins are then displayed on the cell surface, triggering the immune system to produce antibodies and activate T cells, which provide immunity against the virus.

#### 5. Question

Which of the following best describes the function of mRNA in mRNA vaccines?

• a) mRNA triggers the production of DNA in the host cells

• b) mRNA directly attacks the virus upon vaccination

• c) mRNA serves as a blueprint for cells to produce viral proteins that trigger an immune response

• d) mRNA integrates into the host genome to provide long-term immunity

Solution: c)

The mRNA vaccines carry genetic instructions in the form of mRNA, which does not integrate into the host genome but rather serves as a template for cells to produce specific viral proteins, such as the spike protein of the coronavirus. These proteins are then displayed on the cell surface, triggering the immune system to produce antibodies and activate T cells, which provide immunity against the virus.

Solution: c)

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