UPSC Editorials Quiz : 2 January 2025

Introducing QUED – Questions from Editorials (UPSC Editorials Quiz) , an innovative initiative from InsightsIAS. Considering the significant number of questions in previous UPSC Prelims from editorials, practicing MCQs from this perspective can provide an extra edge. While we cover important editorials separately in our Editorial Section and SECURE Initiative, adding QUED (UPSC Editorials Quiz) to your daily MCQ practice alongside Static Quiz, Current Affairs Quiz, and InstaDART can be crucial for better performance. We recommend utilizing this initiative to enhance your preparation, with 5 MCQs posted daily at 11 am from Monday to Saturday on our website under the QUIZ menu.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Consider the following statements about FAME II Scheme: It aims to promote electric vehicles in public and private transportation. It provides subsidies for setting up charging infrastructure. It exclusively targets logistics for heavy goods. Which of the above statements are correct? a) 1 and 2 b) 2 only c) 1 and 3 d) 1, 2, and 3 Correct Solution: a) Statement 1 is correct as the scheme encourages the use of electric vehicles (EVs) in both public and private transportation sectors to promote clean mobility solutions. Statement 2 is also correct since the scheme includes subsidies and financial incentives for setting up charging infrastructure, which is critical for supporting EV adoption. However, Statement 3 is incorrect because the scheme is not exclusively designed for logistics or heavy goods vehicles. Instead, it targets a wider range of vehicles, including two-wheelers, three-wheelers, four-wheelers, and buses. Incorrect Solution: a) Statement 1 is correct as the scheme encourages the use of electric vehicles (EVs) in both public and private transportation sectors to promote clean mobility solutions. Statement 2 is also correct since the scheme includes subsidies and financial incentives for setting up charging infrastructure, which is critical for supporting EV adoption. However, Statement 3 is incorrect because the scheme is not exclusively designed for logistics or heavy goods vehicles. Instead, it targets a wider range of vehicles, including two-wheelers, three-wheelers, four-wheelers, and buses.

#### 1. Question

Consider the following statements about FAME II Scheme:

• It aims to promote electric vehicles in public and private transportation.

• It provides subsidies for setting up charging infrastructure.

• It exclusively targets logistics for heavy goods.

Which of the above statements are correct?

• a) 1 and 2

• c) 1 and 3

• d) 1, 2, and 3

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is correct as the scheme encourages the use of electric vehicles (EVs) in both public and private transportation sectors to promote clean mobility solutions.

Statement 2 is also correct since the scheme includes subsidies and financial incentives for setting up charging infrastructure, which is critical for supporting EV adoption.

However, Statement 3 is incorrect because the scheme is not exclusively designed for logistics or heavy goods vehicles. Instead, it targets a wider range of vehicles, including two-wheelers, three-wheelers, four-wheelers, and buses.

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is correct as the scheme encourages the use of electric vehicles (EVs) in both public and private transportation sectors to promote clean mobility solutions.

Statement 2 is also correct since the scheme includes subsidies and financial incentives for setting up charging infrastructure, which is critical for supporting EV adoption.

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following statements about Disease X: Disease X was conceptualized after the 2014–2016 Ebola outbreak. It represents an unknown pathogen with the potential for rapid global spread. Deforestation and urbanization are potential contributors to its emergence. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: c) Statement 1 is correct as Disease X was conceptualized after the Ebola outbreak to address preparedness gaps. Statement 2 is correct because Disease X symbolizes an unknown pathogen that could spread rapidly worldwide. Statement 3 is correct as deforestation and urbanization can lead to the emergence of new infectious diseases. What is Disease X? Definition:A placeholder for an unidentified, highly infectious pathogen capable of causing global pandemics. Potential Causes:It could stem from viruses, bacteria, fungi, or zoonotic sources. Historical Context:Conceptualized after the 2014–2016 Ebola outbreak, highlighting gaps in global health responses. Uncertainty:Disease X is unpredictable in its emergence, transmission, and impact. Severity:Predicted to be 20 times more lethal than SARS-CoV-2. Features of Disease X: Novel Threat:Represents unknown pathogens with potential for rapid global spread. Wide Origins:Could be zoonotic, antimicrobial-resistant, or a result of bioterrorism. Human Impact:High mortality rates, overwhelming healthcare systems. Environmental Links:Driven by deforestation, urbanization, and climate change. Incorrect Solution: c) Statement 1 is correct as Disease X was conceptualized after the Ebola outbreak to address preparedness gaps. Statement 2 is correct because Disease X symbolizes an unknown pathogen that could spread rapidly worldwide. Statement 3 is correct as deforestation and urbanization can lead to the emergence of new infectious diseases. What is Disease X? Definition:A placeholder for an unidentified, highly infectious pathogen capable of causing global pandemics. Potential Causes:It could stem from viruses, bacteria, fungi, or zoonotic sources. Historical Context:Conceptualized after the 2014–2016 Ebola outbreak, highlighting gaps in global health responses. Uncertainty:Disease X is unpredictable in its emergence, transmission, and impact. Severity:Predicted to be 20 times more lethal than SARS-CoV-2. Features of Disease X: Novel Threat:Represents unknown pathogens with potential for rapid global spread. Wide Origins:Could be zoonotic, antimicrobial-resistant, or a result of bioterrorism. Human Impact:High mortality rates, overwhelming healthcare systems. Environmental Links:Driven by deforestation, urbanization, and climate change.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements about Disease X:

• Disease X was conceptualized after the 2014–2016 Ebola outbreak.

• It represents an unknown pathogen with the potential for rapid global spread.

• Deforestation and urbanization are potential contributors to its emergence.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: c)

Statement 1 is correct as Disease X was conceptualized after the Ebola outbreak to address preparedness gaps.

Statement 2 is correct because Disease X symbolizes an unknown pathogen that could spread rapidly worldwide.

Statement 3 is correct as deforestation and urbanization can lead to the emergence of new infectious diseases.

What is Disease X?

• Definition:A placeholder for an unidentified, highly infectious pathogen capable of causing global pandemics.

• Potential Causes:It could stem from viruses, bacteria, fungi, or zoonotic sources.

• Historical Context:Conceptualized after the 2014–2016 Ebola outbreak, highlighting gaps in global health responses.

• Uncertainty:Disease X is unpredictable in its emergence, transmission, and impact.

• Severity:Predicted to be 20 times more lethal than SARS-CoV-2.

Features of Disease X:

• Novel Threat:Represents unknown pathogens with potential for rapid global spread.

• Wide Origins:Could be zoonotic, antimicrobial-resistant, or a result of bioterrorism.

• Human Impact:High mortality rates, overwhelming healthcare systems.

• Environmental Links:Driven by deforestation, urbanization, and climate change.

Solution: c)

Statement 1 is correct as Disease X was conceptualized after the Ebola outbreak to address preparedness gaps.

Statement 2 is correct because Disease X symbolizes an unknown pathogen that could spread rapidly worldwide.

Statement 3 is correct as deforestation and urbanization can lead to the emergence of new infectious diseases.

What is Disease X?

• Definition:A placeholder for an unidentified, highly infectious pathogen capable of causing global pandemics.

• Potential Causes:It could stem from viruses, bacteria, fungi, or zoonotic sources.

• Historical Context:Conceptualized after the 2014–2016 Ebola outbreak, highlighting gaps in global health responses.

• Uncertainty:Disease X is unpredictable in its emergence, transmission, and impact.

• Severity:Predicted to be 20 times more lethal than SARS-CoV-2.

Features of Disease X:

• Novel Threat:Represents unknown pathogens with potential for rapid global spread.

• Wide Origins:Could be zoonotic, antimicrobial-resistant, or a result of bioterrorism.

• Human Impact:High mortality rates, overwhelming healthcare systems.

• Environmental Links:Driven by deforestation, urbanization, and climate change.

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question What is the primary purpose of the WHO Priority List of Pathogens? a) To identify pathogens eradicated through vaccination b) To focus global efforts on pathogens with epidemic potential and insufficient medical countermeasures c) To list pathogens that have been completely controlled d) To categorize all known zoonotic diseases Correct Solution: b) WHO Priority List of Pathogens: Purpose:Focus global efforts on diseases with high epidemic potential and insufficient medical countermeasures. Pathogens Listed:Includes Ebola, Marburg, Lassa fever, Nipah, Rift Valley fever, Zika, and Disease X. Criteria:High mortality, rapid spread, and lack of vaccines or treatments. Patterns of Emerging Diseases: Zoonotic Origins:About 70% of emerging diseases come from animals. Environmental Factors:Deforestation, urban sprawl, and intensive agriculture increase risks. Globalization:Interconnected travel and trade amplify local outbreaks into pandemics. Undiscovered Threats: Over 1.7 million unknown viruses in wildlife could infect humans. Incorrect Solution: b) WHO Priority List of Pathogens: Purpose:Focus global efforts on diseases with high epidemic potential and insufficient medical countermeasures. Pathogens Listed:Includes Ebola, Marburg, Lassa fever, Nipah, Rift Valley fever, Zika, and Disease X. Criteria:High mortality, rapid spread, and lack of vaccines or treatments. Patterns of Emerging Diseases: Zoonotic Origins:About 70% of emerging diseases come from animals. Environmental Factors:Deforestation, urban sprawl, and intensive agriculture increase risks. Globalization:Interconnected travel and trade amplify local outbreaks into pandemics. Undiscovered Threats: Over 1.7 million unknown viruses in wildlife could infect humans.

#### 3. Question

What is the primary purpose of the WHO Priority List of Pathogens?

• a) To identify pathogens eradicated through vaccination

• b) To focus global efforts on pathogens with epidemic potential and insufficient medical countermeasures

• c) To list pathogens that have been completely controlled

• d) To categorize all known zoonotic diseases

Solution: b)

WHO Priority List of Pathogens:

• Purpose:Focus global efforts on diseases with high epidemic potential and insufficient medical countermeasures.

• Pathogens Listed:Includes Ebola, Marburg, Lassa fever, Nipah, Rift Valley fever, Zika, and Disease X.

• Criteria:High mortality, rapid spread, and lack of vaccines or treatments.

Patterns of Emerging Diseases:

• Zoonotic Origins:About 70% of emerging diseases come from animals.

• Environmental Factors:Deforestation, urban sprawl, and intensive agriculture increase risks.

• Globalization:Interconnected travel and trade amplify local outbreaks into pandemics.

• Undiscovered Threats: Over 1.7 million unknown viruses in wildlife could infect humans.

Solution: b)

WHO Priority List of Pathogens:

• Purpose:Focus global efforts on diseases with high epidemic potential and insufficient medical countermeasures.

• Pathogens Listed:Includes Ebola, Marburg, Lassa fever, Nipah, Rift Valley fever, Zika, and Disease X.

• Criteria:High mortality, rapid spread, and lack of vaccines or treatments.

Patterns of Emerging Diseases:

• Zoonotic Origins:About 70% of emerging diseases come from animals.

• Environmental Factors:Deforestation, urban sprawl, and intensive agriculture increase risks.

• Globalization:Interconnected travel and trade amplify local outbreaks into pandemics.

• Undiscovered Threats: Over 1.7 million unknown viruses in wildlife could infect humans.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Which of the following is the primary cause of space debris? a) Defunct satellites and spent rocket stages b) Solar wind pushing space materials c) Gravitational anomalies in Earth's orbit d) Natural meteoroid impacts Correct Solution: a) Space debris, also known as orbital debris, primarily originates from human-made objects in Earth’s orbit that are no longer functional. The most significant contributors are defunct satellites and spent rocket stages left in orbit after their operational life or after successfully placing payloads into orbit. These objects remain in space and pose a collision risk to operational satellites and spacecraft. While other factors like satellite collisions, explosions, and fragmentation events also generate debris, the root cause often traces back to inactive satellites or discarded rocket stages. Incorrect Solution: a) Space debris, also known as orbital debris, primarily originates from human-made objects in Earth’s orbit that are no longer functional. The most significant contributors are defunct satellites and spent rocket stages left in orbit after their operational life or after successfully placing payloads into orbit. These objects remain in space and pose a collision risk to operational satellites and spacecraft. While other factors like satellite collisions, explosions, and fragmentation events also generate debris, the root cause often traces back to inactive satellites or discarded rocket stages.

#### 4. Question

Which of the following is the primary cause of space debris?

• a) Defunct satellites and spent rocket stages

• b) Solar wind pushing space materials

• c) Gravitational anomalies in Earth's orbit

• d) Natural meteoroid impacts

Solution: a)

Space debris, also known as orbital debris, primarily originates from human-made objects in Earth’s orbit that are no longer functional. The most significant contributors are defunct satellites and spent rocket stages left in orbit after their operational life or after successfully placing payloads into orbit. These objects remain in space and pose a collision risk to operational satellites and spacecraft.

While other factors like satellite collisions, explosions, and fragmentation events also generate debris, the root cause often traces back to inactive satellites or discarded rocket stages.

Solution: a)

While other factors like satellite collisions, explosions, and fragmentation events also generate debris, the root cause often traces back to inactive satellites or discarded rocket stages.

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Which geopolitical event led to the announcement of the Carter Doctrine? a) The Iranian Revolution b) The signing of the Camp David Accords c) The U.S. intervention in the Gulf War d) The Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979 Correct Solution: d) The Carter Doctrine was announced by then U.S. President Jimmy Carter in his 1980 State of the Union Address, primarily in response to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979. This event significantly heightened Cold War tensions and raised alarm in the United States about the Soviet Union’s potential to expand its influence into the strategically critical Persian Gulf region, which is rich in oil resources. The doctrine declared that any attempt by an external force to gain control of the Persian Gulf would be viewed as an assault on the vital interests of the United States, warranting a military response. This policy underscored the U.S. commitment to protecting its energy supplies and countering Soviet aggression in the region. Incorrect Solution: d) The Carter Doctrine was announced by then U.S. President Jimmy Carter in his 1980 State of the Union Address, primarily in response to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979. This event significantly heightened Cold War tensions and raised alarm in the United States about the Soviet Union’s potential to expand its influence into the strategically critical Persian Gulf region, which is rich in oil resources. The doctrine declared that any attempt by an external force to gain control of the Persian Gulf would be viewed as an assault on the vital interests of the United States, warranting a military response. This policy underscored the U.S. commitment to protecting its energy supplies and countering Soviet aggression in the region.

#### 5. Question

Which geopolitical event led to the announcement of the Carter Doctrine?

• a) The Iranian Revolution

• b) The signing of the Camp David Accords

• c) The U.S. intervention in the Gulf War

• d) The Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979

Solution: d)

The Carter Doctrine was announced by then U.S. President Jimmy Carter in his 1980 State of the Union Address, primarily in response to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979. This event significantly heightened Cold War tensions and raised alarm in the United States about the Soviet Union’s potential to expand its influence into the strategically critical Persian Gulf region, which is rich in oil resources.

The doctrine declared that any attempt by an external force to gain control of the Persian Gulf would be viewed as an assault on the vital interests of the United States, warranting a military response. This policy underscored the U.S. commitment to protecting its energy supplies and countering Soviet aggression in the region.

Solution: d)

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