UPSC Editorials Quiz : 19 November 2024

Introducing QUED – Questions from Editorials (UPSC Editorials Quiz) , an innovative initiative from InsightsIAS. Considering the significant number of questions in previous UPSC Prelims from editorials, practicing MCQs from this perspective can provide an extra edge. While we cover important editorials separately in our Editorial Section and SECURE Initiative, adding QUED (UPSC Editorials Quiz) to your daily MCQ practice alongside Static Quiz, Current Affairs Quiz, and InstaDART can be crucial for better performance. We recommend utilizing this initiative to enhance your preparation, with 5 MCQs posted daily at 11 am from Monday to Saturday on our website under the QUIZ menu.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Which initiative is primarily responsible for monitoring antimicrobial resistance patterns in India? a) National One Health Mission b) National Zoonotic Disease Program c) AMR Surveillance and Research Network (AMRSN) d) National Action Plan for AMR (NAP-AMR) Correct Solution: c) The Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance and Research Network (AMRSN), established by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) in 2013, is the primary initiative for monitoring antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns in India. It systematically collects, analyzes, and disseminates data on resistance trends from hospitals and laboratories across the country. While the National One Health Mission and National Zoonotic Disease Program address AMR within broader health frameworks, their focus is not explicitly on resistance surveillance. Similarly, the National Action Plan for AMR (NAP-AMR) outlines strategies for AMR containment but relies on AMRSN for surveillance data. Incorrect Solution: c) The Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance and Research Network (AMRSN), established by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) in 2013, is the primary initiative for monitoring antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns in India. It systematically collects, analyzes, and disseminates data on resistance trends from hospitals and laboratories across the country. While the National One Health Mission and National Zoonotic Disease Program address AMR within broader health frameworks, their focus is not explicitly on resistance surveillance. Similarly, the National Action Plan for AMR (NAP-AMR) outlines strategies for AMR containment but relies on AMRSN for surveillance data.

#### 1. Question

Which initiative is primarily responsible for monitoring antimicrobial resistance patterns in India?

• a) National One Health Mission

• b) National Zoonotic Disease Program

• c) AMR Surveillance and Research Network (AMRSN)

• d) National Action Plan for AMR (NAP-AMR)

Solution: c)

The Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance and Research Network (AMRSN), established by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) in 2013, is the primary initiative for monitoring antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns in India. It systematically collects, analyzes, and disseminates data on resistance trends from hospitals and laboratories across the country.

While the National One Health Mission and National Zoonotic Disease Program address AMR within broader health frameworks, their focus is not explicitly on resistance surveillance. Similarly, the National Action Plan for AMR (NAP-AMR) outlines strategies for AMR containment but relies on AMRSN for surveillance data.

Solution: c)

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following statements about Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act (AFSPA) immunity provisions: Personnel of the armed forces cannot be prosecuted for actions under AFSPA without Union Government approval. The immunity extends to all acts committed by armed forces personnel, whether or not they are related to AFSPA. Judicial review of AFSPA-related actions is prohibited by law. Civilian complaints against actions under AFSPA can only proceed after the Union Government’s sanction. Which of the above statements is/are correct? a) 1 and 4 only b) 2 and 3 only c) 1, 2, and 3 only d) 1, 3, and 4 only Correct Solution: a) The Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act (AFSPA) provides immunity to armed forces personnel for actions taken in “good faith” under its provisions. Statement 1 is correct because any prosecution, suit, or legal proceeding against armed forces personnel for actions under AFSPA requires prior approval from the Union Government, ensuring that they are not subjected to unwarranted legal action. Statement 2 is incorrect as immunity under AFSPA is confined to acts directly connected to the duties and powers granted under the Act. It does not extend to unrelated acts that fall outside its ambit. Statement 3 is incorrect because judicial review of actions taken under AFSPA is not entirely barred. Courts can examine the legality of actions in specific cases, especially when fundamental rights are in question. Statement 4 is correct since civilian complaints against actions under AFSPA necessitate sanction from the Union Government before any legal proceedings can commence. Incorrect Solution: a) The Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act (AFSPA) provides immunity to armed forces personnel for actions taken in “good faith” under its provisions. Statement 1 is correct because any prosecution, suit, or legal proceeding against armed forces personnel for actions under AFSPA requires prior approval from the Union Government, ensuring that they are not subjected to unwarranted legal action. Statement 2 is incorrect as immunity under AFSPA is confined to acts directly connected to the duties and powers granted under the Act. It does not extend to unrelated acts that fall outside its ambit. Statement 3 is incorrect because judicial review of actions taken under AFSPA is not entirely barred. Courts can examine the legality of actions in specific cases, especially when fundamental rights are in question. Statement 4 is correct since civilian complaints against actions under AFSPA necessitate sanction from the Union Government before any legal proceedings can commence.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements about Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act (AFSPA) immunity provisions:

• Personnel of the armed forces cannot be prosecuted for actions under AFSPA without Union Government approval.

• The immunity extends to all acts committed by armed forces personnel, whether or not they are related to AFSPA.

• Judicial review of AFSPA-related actions is prohibited by law.

• Civilian complaints against actions under AFSPA can only proceed after the Union Government’s sanction.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) 1 and 4 only

• b) 2 and 3 only

• c) 1, 2, and 3 only

• d) 1, 3, and 4 only

Solution: a)

The Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act (AFSPA) provides immunity to armed forces personnel for actions taken in “good faith” under its provisions.

Statement 1 is correct because any prosecution, suit, or legal proceeding against armed forces personnel for actions under AFSPA requires prior approval from the Union Government, ensuring that they are not subjected to unwarranted legal action.

Statement 2 is incorrect as immunity under AFSPA is confined to acts directly connected to the duties and powers granted under the Act. It does not extend to unrelated acts that fall outside its ambit.

Statement 3 is incorrect because judicial review of actions taken under AFSPA is not entirely barred. Courts can examine the legality of actions in specific cases, especially when fundamental rights are in question.

Statement 4 is correct since civilian complaints against actions under AFSPA necessitate sanction from the Union Government before any legal proceedings can commence.

Solution: a)

The Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act (AFSPA) provides immunity to armed forces personnel for actions taken in “good faith” under its provisions.

Statement 4 is correct since civilian complaints against actions under AFSPA necessitate sanction from the Union Government before any legal proceedings can commence.

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Which of the following acts is associated with the legacy of Birsa Munda? a) The Santhal Parganas Tenancy Act, 1949 b) The Forest Rights Act, 2006 c) The Tribal Land Protection Act, 1921 d) The Chotanagpur Tenancy Act, 1908 Correct Solution: d) Birsa Munda, a prominent tribal leader and freedom fighter, played a crucial role in the struggle to protect tribal land and identity in the Chotanagpur region during British rule. His efforts, particularly during the Ulgulan (The Great Rebellion) of 1899-1900, were directed against exploitative landlords, moneylenders, and colonial policies that dispossessed tribals of their ancestral lands. The Chotanagpur Tenancy Act, 1908, enacted as a response to the movement inspired by Birsa Munda, prohibits the transfer of tribal land to non-tribals, safeguarding tribal rights over their land and addressing the exploitation they faced. This act is a cornerstone of his legacy, reflecting his vision of protecting tribal autonomy and resources. Other options like the Santhal Parganas Tenancy Act and Forest Rights Act address tribal concerns but are unrelated to Birsa’s direct efforts. Incorrect Solution: d) Birsa Munda, a prominent tribal leader and freedom fighter, played a crucial role in the struggle to protect tribal land and identity in the Chotanagpur region during British rule. His efforts, particularly during the Ulgulan (The Great Rebellion) of 1899-1900, were directed against exploitative landlords, moneylenders, and colonial policies that dispossessed tribals of their ancestral lands. The Chotanagpur Tenancy Act, 1908, enacted as a response to the movement inspired by Birsa Munda, prohibits the transfer of tribal land to non-tribals, safeguarding tribal rights over their land and addressing the exploitation they faced. This act is a cornerstone of his legacy, reflecting his vision of protecting tribal autonomy and resources. Other options like the Santhal Parganas Tenancy Act and Forest Rights Act address tribal concerns but are unrelated to Birsa’s direct efforts.

#### 3. Question

Which of the following acts is associated with the legacy of Birsa Munda?

• a) The Santhal Parganas Tenancy Act, 1949

• b) The Forest Rights Act, 2006

• c) The Tribal Land Protection Act, 1921

• d) The Chotanagpur Tenancy Act, 1908

Solution: d)

Birsa Munda, a prominent tribal leader and freedom fighter, played a crucial role in the struggle to protect tribal land and identity in the Chotanagpur region during British rule. His efforts, particularly during the Ulgulan (The Great Rebellion) of 1899-1900, were directed against exploitative landlords, moneylenders, and colonial policies that dispossessed tribals of their ancestral lands.

The Chotanagpur Tenancy Act, 1908, enacted as a response to the movement inspired by Birsa Munda, prohibits the transfer of tribal land to non-tribals, safeguarding tribal rights over their land and addressing the exploitation they faced. This act is a cornerstone of his legacy, reflecting his vision of protecting tribal autonomy and resources.

Other options like the Santhal Parganas Tenancy Act and Forest Rights Act address tribal concerns but are unrelated to Birsa’s direct efforts.

Solution: d)

Other options like the Santhal Parganas Tenancy Act and Forest Rights Act address tribal concerns but are unrelated to Birsa’s direct efforts.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Consider the following statements about coral reefs: Coral reefs are found only in tropical regions due to warm water conditions. Corals can survive long term without zooxanthellae under normal conditions. Coral bleaching occurs when corals expel zooxanthellae due to stress factors like rising temperatures. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: a) Coral reefs are complex marine ecosystems primarily found in tropical regions but can also exist in colder waters, such as in the form of deep-sea corals, making Statement 1 incorrect. While tropical corals thrive in warm, shallow waters, the presence of deep-water corals in colder environments demonstrates the diversity of coral habitats. Statement 2 is incorrect because corals rely on a symbiotic relationship with zooxanthellae, a type of algae, for their energy and nutrients. Zooxanthellae perform photosynthesis, providing essential nutrients to corals, which cannot survive long-term without this association under normal conditions. Statement 3 is correct as coral bleaching occurs when stressors like rising sea temperatures, pollution, or changes in water chemistry lead corals to expel zooxanthellae. Without these algae, corals lose their color and primary energy source, often leading to their death if stress persists. Incorrect Solution: a) Coral reefs are complex marine ecosystems primarily found in tropical regions but can also exist in colder waters, such as in the form of deep-sea corals, making Statement 1 incorrect. While tropical corals thrive in warm, shallow waters, the presence of deep-water corals in colder environments demonstrates the diversity of coral habitats. Statement 2 is incorrect because corals rely on a symbiotic relationship with zooxanthellae, a type of algae, for their energy and nutrients. Zooxanthellae perform photosynthesis, providing essential nutrients to corals, which cannot survive long-term without this association under normal conditions. Statement 3 is correct as coral bleaching occurs when stressors like rising sea temperatures, pollution, or changes in water chemistry lead corals to expel zooxanthellae. Without these algae, corals lose their color and primary energy source, often leading to their death if stress persists.

#### 4. Question

Consider the following statements about coral reefs:

• Coral reefs are found only in tropical regions due to warm water conditions.

• Corals can survive long term without zooxanthellae under normal conditions.

• Coral bleaching occurs when corals expel zooxanthellae due to stress factors like rising temperatures.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: a)

Coral reefs are complex marine ecosystems primarily found in tropical regions but can also exist in colder waters, such as in the form of deep-sea corals, making Statement 1 incorrect. While tropical corals thrive in warm, shallow waters, the presence of deep-water corals in colder environments demonstrates the diversity of coral habitats.

Statement 2 is incorrect because corals rely on a symbiotic relationship with zooxanthellae, a type of algae, for their energy and nutrients. Zooxanthellae perform photosynthesis, providing essential nutrients to corals, which cannot survive long-term without this association under normal conditions.

Statement 3 is correct as coral bleaching occurs when stressors like rising sea temperatures, pollution, or changes in water chemistry lead corals to expel zooxanthellae. Without these algae, corals lose their color and primary energy source, often leading to their death if stress persists.

Solution: a)

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Which of the following initiatives focuses on antibiotic stewardship in India? a) National Action Plan on AMR (2017-21) b) WHO's AWaRe Classification c) Chennai Declaration (2012) d) EU’s Ban on Preventive Mass Medication Correct Solution: c) The Chennai Declaration (2012) is a landmark initiative in India focusing specifically on promoting antibiotic stewardship to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR). It brought together healthcare stakeholders to formulate strategies for rational antibiotic use and to curb misuse in clinical settings. The declaration emphasized creating standardized treatment guidelines, educating healthcare providers, and enhancing infection control practices to reduce AMR in India. Incorrect Solution: c) The Chennai Declaration (2012) is a landmark initiative in India focusing specifically on promoting antibiotic stewardship to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR). It brought together healthcare stakeholders to formulate strategies for rational antibiotic use and to curb misuse in clinical settings. The declaration emphasized creating standardized treatment guidelines, educating healthcare providers, and enhancing infection control practices to reduce AMR in India.

#### 5. Question

Which of the following initiatives focuses on antibiotic stewardship in India?

• a) National Action Plan on AMR (2017-21)

• b) WHO's AWaRe Classification

• c) Chennai Declaration (2012)

• d) EU’s Ban on Preventive Mass Medication

Solution: c)

The Chennai Declaration (2012) is a landmark initiative in India focusing specifically on promoting antibiotic stewardship to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR). It brought together healthcare stakeholders to formulate strategies for rational antibiotic use and to curb misuse in clinical settings. The declaration emphasized creating standardized treatment guidelines, educating healthcare providers, and enhancing infection control practices to reduce AMR in India.

Solution: c)

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