UPSC Editorials Quiz : 19 March 2024

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Introducing QUED – Questions from Editorials, an innovative initiative from InsightsIAS. Considering the significant number of questions in previous UPSC Prelims from editorials, practicing MCQs from this perspective can provide an extra edge. While we cover important editorials separately in our Editorial Section and SECURE Initiative, adding QUED to your daily MCQ practice alongside Static Quiz, Current Affairs Quiz, and InstaDART can be crucial for better performance. We recommend utilizing this initiative to enhance your preparation, with 5 MCQs posted daily at 11 am from Monday to Saturday on our website under the QUIZ menu. Best of luck! 🙂

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Consider the following statements regarding Government debt. Government debt is the outstanding domestic and foreign loans raised by the Centre and states plus other liabilities. It includes the funds raised against small savings schemes and provident funds on which the Government has to pay interest and the principal amounts. It does not include special securities issued to the Food Corporation of India and oil marketing companies. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 3 is incorrect. Government debt is basically the outstanding domestic and foreign loans raised by the Centre and states – plus other liabilities, including against small savings schemes, provident funds and special securities issued to the Food Corporation of India, fertiliser firms and oil marketing companies – on which they have to pay interest and the principal amounts borrowed. Source Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 3 is incorrect. Government debt is basically the outstanding domestic and foreign loans raised by the Centre and states – plus other liabilities, including against small savings schemes, provident funds and special securities issued to the Food Corporation of India, fertiliser firms and oil marketing companies – on which they have to pay interest and the principal amounts borrowed. Source

#### 1. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Government debt.

• Government debt is the outstanding domestic and foreign loans raised by the Centre and states plus other liabilities.

• It includes the funds raised against small savings schemes and provident funds on which the Government has to pay interest and the principal amounts.

• It does not include special securities issued to the Food Corporation of India and oil marketing companies.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 3 is incorrect.

Government debt is basically the outstanding domestic and foreign loans raised by the Centre and states – plus other liabilities, including against small savings schemes, provident funds and special securities issued to the Food Corporation of India, fertiliser firms and oil marketing companies – on which they have to pay interest and the principal amounts borrowed.

Solution: b)

Statement 3 is incorrect.

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following statements. The Sun is the primary source of energy that fuels biological and physical processes on Earth. Sun slightly dims and brightens depending on the cycle of high and low activity due to the reversal of its magnetic poles. Levels of solar radiation go up or down, as does the amount of material the Sun ejects into space and the size and number of sunspots and solar flares. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: c) The Sun is the primary source of energy that fuels biological and physical processes on Earth. Its heat makes liquid water, helps plants to grow, and warms air that influences our weather system. The middle-aged star doesn’t always shine at the same level of brightness, though. Scientists know that it slightly dims and brightens depending on an 11-year cycle of high and low activity due to the reversal of its magnetic poles. According to a report by NASA, “During each cycle, the Sun undergoes various changes in its activity and appearance. Levels of solar radiation go up or down, as does the amount of material the Sun ejects into space and the size and number of sunspots and solar flares. These changes have a variety of effects in space, in Earth’s atmosphere and on Earth’s surface.” Is the Sun responsible for current global warming? No, it isn’t the driving force behind today’s global warming. How do we know this? In the past five decades, although the planet’s average temperature has soared to new heights, the Sun’s energy output has increased or decreased by only 0.1%, according to the NASA report, published in 2019. This is one of the reasons why scientists don’t believe that the Sun is responsible for current global warming. Another reason why scientists reject the idea that the Sun has a role in soaring global temperatures is that if the Sun’s energy output had increased, all of the layers of Earth’s atmosphere would be warming up. But that hasn’t happened. Instead, it has been observed that the lower atmosphere is warming and the upper atmosphere has cooled in recent years — an attribute of the warming caused by greenhouse gases. Source Incorrect Solution: c) The Sun is the primary source of energy that fuels biological and physical processes on Earth. Its heat makes liquid water, helps plants to grow, and warms air that influences our weather system. The middle-aged star doesn’t always shine at the same level of brightness, though. Scientists know that it slightly dims and brightens depending on an 11-year cycle of high and low activity due to the reversal of its magnetic poles. According to a report by NASA, “During each cycle, the Sun undergoes various changes in its activity and appearance. Levels of solar radiation go up or down, as does the amount of material the Sun ejects into space and the size and number of sunspots and solar flares. These changes have a variety of effects in space, in Earth’s atmosphere and on Earth’s surface.” Is the Sun responsible for current global warming? No, it isn’t the driving force behind today’s global warming. How do we know this? In the past five decades, although the planet’s average temperature has soared to new heights, the Sun’s energy output has increased or decreased by only 0.1%, according to the NASA report, published in 2019. This is one of the reasons why scientists don’t believe that the Sun is responsible for current global warming. Another reason why scientists reject the idea that the Sun has a role in soaring global temperatures is that if the Sun’s energy output had increased, all of the layers of Earth’s atmosphere would be warming up. But that hasn’t happened. Instead, it has been observed that the lower atmosphere is warming and the upper atmosphere has cooled in recent years — an attribute of the warming caused by greenhouse gases. Source

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements.

• The Sun is the primary source of energy that fuels biological and physical processes on Earth.

• Sun slightly dims and brightens depending on the cycle of high and low activity due to the reversal of its magnetic poles.

• Levels of solar radiation go up or down, as does the amount of material the Sun ejects into space and the size and number of sunspots and solar flares.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: c)

The Sun is the primary source of energy that fuels biological and physical processes on Earth. Its heat makes liquid water, helps plants to grow, and warms air that influences our weather system.

The middle-aged star doesn’t always shine at the same level of brightness, though. Scientists know that it slightly dims and brightens depending on an 11-year cycle of high and low activity due to the reversal of its magnetic poles.

According to a report by NASA, “During each cycle, the Sun undergoes various changes in its activity and appearance. Levels of solar radiation go up or down, as does the amount of material the Sun ejects into space and the size and number of sunspots and solar flares. These changes have a variety of effects in space, in Earth’s atmosphere and on Earth’s surface.”

Is the Sun responsible for current global warming?

No, it isn’t the driving force behind today’s global warming. How do we know this? In the past five decades, although the planet’s average temperature has soared to new heights, the Sun’s energy output has increased or decreased by only 0.1%, according to the NASA report, published in 2019. This is one of the reasons why scientists don’t believe that the Sun is responsible for current global warming.

Another reason why scientists reject the idea that the Sun has a role in soaring global temperatures is that if the Sun’s energy output had increased, all of the layers of Earth’s atmosphere would be warming up. But that hasn’t happened.

Instead, it has been observed that the lower atmosphere is warming and the upper atmosphere has cooled in recent years — an attribute of the warming caused by greenhouse gases.

Solution: c)

The Sun is the primary source of energy that fuels biological and physical processes on Earth. Its heat makes liquid water, helps plants to grow, and warms air that influences our weather system.

Is the Sun responsible for current global warming?

Instead, it has been observed that the lower atmosphere is warming and the upper atmosphere has cooled in recent years — an attribute of the warming caused by greenhouse gases.

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question At present, which of the following countries provide visa-free entry to the citizens of India? Bhutan Maldives Mauritius Nepal Indonesia Kenya How many of the above options is/are correct? a) Only three b) Only four c) Only five d) All six Correct Solution: d) Indians can now travel to Iran without a visa, as long as they meet a few conditions. At present, around 27 countries provide visa-free entry to the citizens of India. These include Kenya, Indonesia, Barbados, Bhutan, Dominica, Haiti, Maldives, Mauritius, Nepal, Samoa, and Trinidad and Tobago, among others. Source Incorrect Solution: d) Indians can now travel to Iran without a visa, as long as they meet a few conditions. At present, around 27 countries provide visa-free entry to the citizens of India. These include Kenya, Indonesia, Barbados, Bhutan, Dominica, Haiti, Maldives, Mauritius, Nepal, Samoa, and Trinidad and Tobago, among others. Source

#### 3. Question

At present, which of the following countries provide visa-free entry to the citizens of India?

How many of the above options is/are correct?

• a) Only three

• b) Only four

• c) Only five

• d) All six

Solution: d)

Indians can now travel to Iran without a visa, as long as they meet a few conditions.

At present, around 27 countries provide visa-free entry to the citizens of India. These include Kenya, Indonesia, Barbados, Bhutan, Dominica, Haiti, Maldives, Mauritius, Nepal, Samoa, and Trinidad and Tobago, among others.

Solution: d)

Indians can now travel to Iran without a visa, as long as they meet a few conditions.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question The economic theory of wage-price spiral is mainly used in the context of a) Balance of Payments b) Current Account Deficit c) Gross Domestic Product (GDP) d) Inflation Correct Solution: d) What is the wage-price spiral? If prices go up, it is natural that workers will ask for higher wages. But if wages go up, it only fuels the overall demand, while doing nothing to boost the supply. End result: inflation surges further because while a worker has more money, so does his colleague. When they go to the market then the only thing that changes is the price of the good — in other words, inflation rises. Raising interest rates slows down overall economic activity and demand, often leading to job losses. Through this rather unjust and iniquitous method, the central banks prevent a wage-price spiral and consequent inflation. Incorrect Solution: d) What is the wage-price spiral? If prices go up, it is natural that workers will ask for higher wages. But if wages go up, it only fuels the overall demand, while doing nothing to boost the supply. End result: inflation surges further because while a worker has more money, so does his colleague. When they go to the market then the only thing that changes is the price of the good — in other words, inflation rises. Raising interest rates slows down overall economic activity and demand, often leading to job losses. Through this rather unjust and iniquitous method, the central banks prevent a wage-price spiral and consequent inflation.

#### 4. Question

The economic theory of wage-price spiral is mainly used in the context of

• a) Balance of Payments

• b) Current Account Deficit

• c) Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

• d) Inflation

Solution: d)

What is the wage-price spiral?

If prices go up, it is natural that workers will ask for higher wages. But if wages go up, it only fuels the overall demand, while doing nothing to boost the supply. End result: inflation surges further because while a worker has more money, so does his colleague. When they go to the market then the only thing that changes is the price of the good — in other words, inflation rises.

Raising interest rates slows down overall economic activity and demand, often leading to job losses. Through this rather unjust and iniquitous method, the central banks prevent a wage-price spiral and consequent inflation.

Solution: d)

What is the wage-price spiral?

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Consider the following statements regarding Deemed-to-be-university. The UGC Act, 1956 provides that the Central Government may declare by notification in the Official Gazette that any institution of higher education, other than a university, shall be deemed to be a university. National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) has been granted the deemed-to-be-university status. Like other universities, the Deemed-to-be-university does not have the autonomy of offering various courses and examinations. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 3 is incorrect. National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) has been granted the deemed-to-be-university status by the Ministry of Education. An institution of higher education, other than a university, doing the work of high standard in a specific area, can be declared as an institution deemed to be university. The section 3 of the UGC Act, 1956 provides that the Central Government may, on the advice of the Commission, declare, by notification in the Official Gazette that any institution of higher education, other than a university, shall be deemed to be a university for the purpose of this Act and on such a declaration being made, all the provisions of this Act shall apply to such institution as if it were a university under the meaning of clause (f) of section 2 of the UGC Act. Such institutions enjoy the academic status and privileges of a university. This status provides fillip to these institutions to strengthen their academic activities in their specialized fields. Deemed to be universities, like other universities, have the autonomy of offering various courses and therefore, preparing students for various examinations and awards. These institutions design their own syllabus and courses to prepare the students to foray into diverse fields after the completion of their study. These Institutions have expanded the base of higher education in the country and are offering education and research facilities in various disciplines such as Health Sciences, Engineering & Technology, Management, Languages, Humanities & Social Sciences, Sciences, Education, Law, Agricultural Sciences, Fisheries, Forestry, Defence Technology, Maritime Education, Yoga, Music & Fine Arts, etc Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 3 is incorrect. National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) has been granted the deemed-to-be-university status by the Ministry of Education. An institution of higher education, other than a university, doing the work of high standard in a specific area, can be declared as an institution deemed to be university. The section 3 of the UGC Act, 1956 provides that the Central Government may, on the advice of the Commission, declare, by notification in the Official Gazette that any institution of higher education, other than a university, shall be deemed to be a university for the purpose of this Act and on such a declaration being made, all the provisions of this Act shall apply to such institution as if it were a university under the meaning of clause (f) of section 2 of the UGC Act. Such institutions enjoy the academic status and privileges of a university. This status provides fillip to these institutions to strengthen their academic activities in their specialized fields. Deemed to be universities, like other universities, have the autonomy of offering various courses and therefore, preparing students for various examinations and awards. These institutions design their own syllabus and courses to prepare the students to foray into diverse fields after the completion of their study. These Institutions have expanded the base of higher education in the country and are offering education and research facilities in various disciplines such as Health Sciences, Engineering & Technology, Management, Languages, Humanities & Social Sciences, Sciences, Education, Law, Agricultural Sciences, Fisheries, Forestry, Defence Technology, Maritime Education, Yoga, Music & Fine Arts, etc

#### 5. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Deemed-to-be-university.

• The UGC Act, 1956 provides that the Central Government may declare by notification in the Official Gazette that any institution of higher education, other than a university, shall be deemed to be a university.

• National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) has been granted the deemed-to-be-university status.

• Like other universities, the Deemed-to-be-university does not have the autonomy of offering various courses and examinations.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 3 is incorrect.

National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) has been granted the deemed-to-be-university status by the Ministry of Education.

An institution of higher education, other than a university, doing the work of high standard in a specific area, can be declared as an institution deemed to be university. The section 3 of the UGC Act, 1956 provides that the Central Government may, on the advice of the Commission, declare, by notification in the Official Gazette that any institution of higher education, other than a university, shall be deemed to be a university for the purpose of this Act and on such a declaration being made, all the provisions of this Act shall apply to such institution as if it were a university under the meaning of clause (f) of section 2 of the UGC Act.

Such institutions enjoy the academic status and privileges of a university. This status provides fillip to these institutions to strengthen their academic activities in their specialized fields. Deemed to be universities, like other universities, have the autonomy of offering various courses and therefore, preparing students for various examinations and awards. These institutions design their own syllabus and courses to prepare the students to foray into diverse fields after the completion of their study.

These Institutions have expanded the base of higher education in the country and are offering education and research facilities in various disciplines such as Health Sciences, Engineering & Technology, Management, Languages, Humanities & Social Sciences, Sciences, Education, Law, Agricultural Sciences, Fisheries, Forestry, Defence Technology, Maritime Education, Yoga, Music & Fine Arts, etc

Solution: b)

Statement 3 is incorrect.

National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) has been granted the deemed-to-be-university status by the Ministry of Education.

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