UPSC Editorials Quiz : 19 June 2025

Introducing QUED – Questions from Editorials (UPSC Editorials Quiz) , an innovative initiative from InsightsIAS. Considering the significant number of questions in previous UPSC Prelims from editorials, practicing MCQs from this perspective can provide an extra edge. While we cover important editorials separately in our Editorial Section and SECURE Initiative, adding QUED (UPSC Editorials Quiz) to your daily MCQ practice alongside Static Quiz, Current Affairs Quiz, and InstaDART can be crucial for better performance. We recommend utilizing this initiative to enhance your preparation, with 5 MCQs posted daily at 11 am from Monday to Saturday on our website under the QUIZ menu.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question With reference to fertility and population trends in India, consider the following statements: India’s total fertility rate is now below replacement level. Regional disparities in fertility are minimal across Indian states. Improved reproductive healthcare and education have contributed to the decline in fertility. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 1 is correct. India’s Total Fertility Rate (TFR) has declined to 1.9 as per the latest National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5), which is below the replacement level of 2.1. This indicates that, on average, Indian women are having fewer children than required to maintain the current population size over the long term. Statement 3 is also correct. The decline in fertility can be attributed to improved access to reproductive healthcare, better contraceptive use, greater awareness of family planning, and increased female education and empowerment. As women gain more autonomy and access to education and employment, fertility preferences tend to shift towards smaller families. Statement 2 is incorrect. Despite the national TFR being below replacement level, there are significant regional disparities. For instance, states like Bihar and Uttar Pradesh have higher fertility rates, while southern states like Kerala and Tamil Nadu have lower TFRs. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 1 is correct. India’s Total Fertility Rate (TFR) has declined to 1.9 as per the latest National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5), which is below the replacement level of 2.1. This indicates that, on average, Indian women are having fewer children than required to maintain the current population size over the long term. Statement 3 is also correct. The decline in fertility can be attributed to improved access to reproductive healthcare, better contraceptive use, greater awareness of family planning, and increased female education and empowerment. As women gain more autonomy and access to education and employment, fertility preferences tend to shift towards smaller families. Statement 2 is incorrect. Despite the national TFR being below replacement level, there are significant regional disparities. For instance, states like Bihar and Uttar Pradesh have higher fertility rates, while southern states like Kerala and Tamil Nadu have lower TFRs.

#### 1. Question

With reference to fertility and population trends in India, consider the following statements:

• India’s total fertility rate is now below replacement level.

• Regional disparities in fertility are minimal across Indian states.

• Improved reproductive healthcare and education have contributed to the decline in fertility.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: b)

• Statement 1 is correct. India’s Total Fertility Rate (TFR) has declined to 1.9 as per the latest National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5), which is below the replacement level of 2.1. This indicates that, on average, Indian women are having fewer children than required to maintain the current population size over the long term.

• Statement 3 is also correct. The decline in fertility can be attributed to improved access to reproductive healthcare, better contraceptive use, greater awareness of family planning, and increased female education and empowerment. As women gain more autonomy and access to education and employment, fertility preferences tend to shift towards smaller families.

• Statement 2 is incorrect. Despite the national TFR being below replacement level, there are significant regional disparities. For instance, states like Bihar and Uttar Pradesh have higher fertility rates, while southern states like Kerala and Tamil Nadu have lower TFRs.

Solution: b)

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question None of the statements given below is correct. Identify the statements. Devi Ahilyabai Holkar shifted her capital from Maheshwar to Chondi village. The Asian Development Bank (ADB) has its headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland. The Palamau Tiger Reserve is known for its Northern Tropical Wet Evergreen forests. Select the correct option: (a) 2 and 3 only (b) 1 and 2 only (c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) 1 and 3 only Correct Solution: c) Statement 1 is incorrect. Ahilyabai Holkar was born in Chondi village, but she ruled from Maheshwar, which she made her capital. She did not shift her capital to her birthplace. Statement 2 is incorrect. The Asian Development Bank (ADB) has its headquarters in Metro Manila, Philippines. The executive offices of the IATA are in Geneva, Switzerland, a common point of confusion. Statement 3 is incorrect. The flora of Palamau Tiger Reserve is predominantly Northern Tropical Dry Deciduous forests, not wet evergreen. Sal is the dominant species, which is characteristic of deciduous forests. Incorrect Solution: c) Statement 1 is incorrect. Ahilyabai Holkar was born in Chondi village, but she ruled from Maheshwar, which she made her capital. She did not shift her capital to her birthplace. Statement 2 is incorrect. The Asian Development Bank (ADB) has its headquarters in Metro Manila, Philippines. The executive offices of the IATA are in Geneva, Switzerland, a common point of confusion. Statement 3 is incorrect. The flora of Palamau Tiger Reserve is predominantly Northern Tropical Dry Deciduous forests, not wet evergreen. Sal is the dominant species, which is characteristic of deciduous forests.

#### 2. Question

None of the statements given below is correct. Identify the statements.

• Devi Ahilyabai Holkar shifted her capital from Maheshwar to Chondi village.

• The Asian Development Bank (ADB) has its headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland.

• The Palamau Tiger Reserve is known for its Northern Tropical Wet Evergreen forests.

Select the correct option:

• (a) 2 and 3 only

• (b) 1 and 2 only

• (c) 1, 2 and 3

• (d) 1 and 3 only

Solution: c)

• Statement 1 is incorrect. Ahilyabai Holkar was born in Chondi village, but she ruled from Maheshwar, which she made her capital. She did not shift her capital to her birthplace.

• Statement 2 is incorrect. The Asian Development Bank (ADB) has its headquarters in Metro Manila, Philippines. The executive offices of the IATA are in Geneva, Switzerland, a common point of confusion.

• Statement 3 is incorrect. The flora of Palamau Tiger Reserve is predominantly Northern Tropical Dry Deciduous forests, not wet evergreen. Sal is the dominant species, which is characteristic of deciduous forests.

Solution: c)

• Statement 1 is incorrect. Ahilyabai Holkar was born in Chondi village, but she ruled from Maheshwar, which she made her capital. She did not shift her capital to her birthplace.

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question With reference to the UMEED Portal, consider the following statements: The portal is a state-level initiative, with each state developing and managing its own version. A primary objective of the portal is to resolve long-standing Waqf property disputes through transparent, time-bound registration. The portal includes provisions for geotagging and digitization of Waqf property records. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 1 is incorrect. The UMEED portal is described as a centralized digital platform, an initiative of the Centre, launched by the Ministry of Minority Affairs. While it will be implemented in coordination with State Waqf Boards, it is not a decentralized state-level initiative but a unified national portal to ensure uniformity and efficiency across the country. Statement 2 is correct. A major goal of the UMEED Portal is to enhance accountability and resolve property disputes associated with Waqf properties. It aims to achieve this by creating a transparent and centralized digital record, and by flagging properties as ‘disputed’ if not registered within the given timeframe, thereby compelling adjudication. Statement 3 is also correct. The guidelines mandate that property registrations on the portal must include precise measurements and geolocation data (geotagging), which is a crucial part of the digitization process to create an unambiguous and verifiable record. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 1 is incorrect. The UMEED portal is described as a centralized digital platform, an initiative of the Centre, launched by the Ministry of Minority Affairs. While it will be implemented in coordination with State Waqf Boards, it is not a decentralized state-level initiative but a unified national portal to ensure uniformity and efficiency across the country. Statement 2 is correct. A major goal of the UMEED Portal is to enhance accountability and resolve property disputes associated with Waqf properties. It aims to achieve this by creating a transparent and centralized digital record, and by flagging properties as ‘disputed’ if not registered within the given timeframe, thereby compelling adjudication. Statement 3 is also correct. The guidelines mandate that property registrations on the portal must include precise measurements and geolocation data (geotagging), which is a crucial part of the digitization process to create an unambiguous and verifiable record.

#### 3. Question

With reference to the UMEED Portal, consider the following statements:

• The portal is a state-level initiative, with each state developing and managing its own version.

• A primary objective of the portal is to resolve long-standing Waqf property disputes through transparent, time-bound registration.

• The portal includes provisions for geotagging and digitization of Waqf property records.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: b)

• Statement 1 is incorrect. The UMEED portal is described as a centralized digital platform, an initiative of the Centre, launched by the Ministry of Minority Affairs. While it will be implemented in coordination with State Waqf Boards, it is not a decentralized state-level initiative but a unified national portal to ensure uniformity and efficiency across the country.

• Statement 2 is correct. A major goal of the UMEED Portal is to enhance accountability and resolve property disputes associated with Waqf properties. It aims to achieve this by creating a transparent and centralized digital record, and by flagging properties as ‘disputed’ if not registered within the given timeframe, thereby compelling adjudication.

• Statement 3 is also correct. The guidelines mandate that property registrations on the portal must include precise measurements and geolocation data (geotagging), which is a crucial part of the digitization process to create an unambiguous and verifiable record.

Solution: b)

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Consider the following statements about the causes of flooding in Assam: The primary cause of flooding in Assam is glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) originating in the Himalayas. The flat topography and soil with high permeability in the Brahmaputra valley prevent waterlogging. The Brahmaputra River and its numerous tributaries frequently overflow their banks during the southwest monsoon season. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: a) Statement 3 is correct. Brahmaputra river system and its tributaries (Kopili, Dhansiri, etc.) frequently overflowing and breaching embankments is the major cause of flooding. This is directly linked to the intense southwest monsoon rainfall that the region receives. Statement 1 is incorrect. While GLOFs can cause floods in Himalayan regions, monsoon rainfall is the primary driver of Assam’s annual floods, not GLOFs. The flooding is a riverine and precipitation-driven phenomenon. Statement 2 is incorrect. Brahmaputra valley is having flat alluvial plains with poor drainage. This topography, combined with silt deposition, exacerbates flooding and leads to prolonged waterlogging, rather than preventing it. High permeability would help drainage, but the soil composition and geomorphology of the valley actually impede it. Incorrect Solution: a) Statement 3 is correct. Brahmaputra river system and its tributaries (Kopili, Dhansiri, etc.) frequently overflowing and breaching embankments is the major cause of flooding. This is directly linked to the intense southwest monsoon rainfall that the region receives. Statement 1 is incorrect. While GLOFs can cause floods in Himalayan regions, monsoon rainfall is the primary driver of Assam’s annual floods, not GLOFs. The flooding is a riverine and precipitation-driven phenomenon. Statement 2 is incorrect. Brahmaputra valley is having flat alluvial plains with poor drainage. This topography, combined with silt deposition, exacerbates flooding and leads to prolonged waterlogging, rather than preventing it. High permeability would help drainage, but the soil composition and geomorphology of the valley actually impede it.

#### 4. Question

Consider the following statements about the causes of flooding in Assam:

• The primary cause of flooding in Assam is glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) originating in the Himalayas.

• The flat topography and soil with high permeability in the Brahmaputra valley prevent waterlogging.

• The Brahmaputra River and its numerous tributaries frequently overflow their banks during the southwest monsoon season.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: a)

• Statement 3 is correct. Brahmaputra river system and its tributaries (Kopili, Dhansiri, etc.) frequently overflowing and breaching embankments is the major cause of flooding. This is directly linked to the intense southwest monsoon rainfall that the region receives.

• Statement 1 is incorrect. While GLOFs can cause floods in Himalayan regions, monsoon rainfall is the primary driver of Assam’s annual floods, not GLOFs. The flooding is a riverine and precipitation-driven phenomenon.

• Statement 2 is incorrect. Brahmaputra valley is having flat alluvial plains with poor drainage. This topography, combined with silt deposition, exacerbates flooding and leads to prolonged waterlogging, rather than preventing it. High permeability would help drainage, but the soil composition and geomorphology of the valley actually impede it.

Solution: a)

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question What is the primary role of the Project Management Agency (PMA) in the context of the ‘Scheme to Promote Manufacturing of Electric Passenger Cars in India’? (a) To conduct research and development for new EV technologies. (b) To directly provide loans to eligible manufacturing companies. (c) To set the customs duty rates for imported electric cars. (d) To act as the implementation agency for the scheme. Correct Solution: d) Project Management Agency (PMA) is the Implementation Agency for the scheme. This role involves overseeing the application process, verifying compliance with the scheme’s guidelines (such as investment and DVA targets), managing the bank guarantees, and ensuring the smooth execution of the policy on behalf of the nodal ministry. Option (a) is incorrect as the PMA’s role is administrative, not R&D. Option (b) is incorrect as the scheme provides incentives through duty concessions, not direct loans. The PMA facilitates the scheme’s implementation, it does not function as a financial institution. Option (c) is incorrect because customs duties are set by the government (Department of Revenue, Ministry of Finance) as part of fiscal policy; the scheme only specifies the concessional rate. Incorrect Solution: d) Project Management Agency (PMA) is the Implementation Agency for the scheme. This role involves overseeing the application process, verifying compliance with the scheme’s guidelines (such as investment and DVA targets), managing the bank guarantees, and ensuring the smooth execution of the policy on behalf of the nodal ministry. Option (a) is incorrect as the PMA’s role is administrative, not R&D. Option (b) is incorrect as the scheme provides incentives through duty concessions, not direct loans. The PMA facilitates the scheme’s implementation, it does not function as a financial institution. Option (c) is incorrect because customs duties are set by the government (Department of Revenue, Ministry of Finance) as part of fiscal policy; the scheme only specifies the concessional rate.

#### 5. Question

What is the primary role of the Project Management Agency (PMA) in the context of the ‘Scheme to Promote Manufacturing of Electric Passenger Cars in India’?

• (a) To conduct research and development for new EV technologies.

• (b) To directly provide loans to eligible manufacturing companies.

• (c) To set the customs duty rates for imported electric cars.

• (d) To act as the implementation agency for the scheme.

Solution: d)

Project Management Agency (PMA) is the Implementation Agency for the scheme. This role involves overseeing the application process, verifying compliance with the scheme’s guidelines (such as investment and DVA targets), managing the bank guarantees, and ensuring the smooth execution of the policy on behalf of the nodal ministry.

Option (a) is incorrect as the PMA’s role is administrative, not R&D.

Option (b) is incorrect as the scheme provides incentives through duty concessions, not direct loans. The PMA facilitates the scheme’s implementation, it does not function as a financial institution.

Option (c) is incorrect because customs duties are set by the government (Department of Revenue, Ministry of Finance) as part of fiscal policy; the scheme only specifies the concessional rate.

Solution: d)

Option (a) is incorrect as the PMA’s role is administrative, not R&D.

Option (c) is incorrect because customs duties are set by the government (Department of Revenue, Ministry of Finance) as part of fiscal policy; the scheme only specifies the concessional rate.

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