UPSC Editorials Quiz : 19 February 2025

Introducing QUED – Questions from Editorials (UPSC Editorials Quiz) , an innovative initiative from InsightsIAS. Considering the significant number of questions in previous UPSC Prelims from editorials, practicing MCQs from this perspective can provide an extra edge. While we cover important editorials separately in our Editorial Section and SECURE Initiative, adding QUED (UPSC Editorials Quiz) to your daily MCQ practice alongside Static Quiz, Current Affairs Quiz, and InstaDART can be crucial for better performance. We recommend utilizing this initiative to enhance your preparation, with 5 MCQs posted daily at 11 am from Monday to Saturday on our website under the QUIZ menu.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Consider the following statements regarding Bird Flu vaccine development: There is no vaccine available for Avian Influenza in birds or humans. The only way to control Bird Flu is to cull infected poultry flocks. Seasonal flu vaccines provide cross-protection against Bird Flu strains. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: D Statement 1 is incorrect: Vaccines exist for both birds and humans. In poultry, vaccines like the H5 and H7 inactivated vaccines are used to control outbreaks. In humans, experimental vaccines against H5N1 and H7N9 have been developed and stockpiled by agencies like the WHO and CDC. Statement 2 is incorrect: While culling infected birds is an important control strategy, it is not the only method. Biosecurity measures, vaccination, and early detection also play crucial roles in controlling outbreaks. Statement 3 is incorrect: Seasonal flu vaccines do not provide immunity against Bird Flu, as Avian Influenza viruses are genetically distinct from human influenza strains. Specially developed Bird Flu vaccines are required for protection. Incorrect Solution: D Statement 1 is incorrect: Vaccines exist for both birds and humans. In poultry, vaccines like the H5 and H7 inactivated vaccines are used to control outbreaks. In humans, experimental vaccines against H5N1 and H7N9 have been developed and stockpiled by agencies like the WHO and CDC. Statement 2 is incorrect: While culling infected birds is an important control strategy, it is not the only method. Biosecurity measures, vaccination, and early detection also play crucial roles in controlling outbreaks. Statement 3 is incorrect: Seasonal flu vaccines do not provide immunity against Bird Flu, as Avian Influenza viruses are genetically distinct from human influenza strains. Specially developed Bird Flu vaccines are required for protection.

#### 1. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Bird Flu vaccine development:

• There is no vaccine available for Avian Influenza in birds or humans.

• The only way to control Bird Flu is to cull infected poultry flocks.

• Seasonal flu vaccines provide cross-protection against Bird Flu strains.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: D

Statement 1 is incorrect: Vaccines exist for both birds and humans. In poultry, vaccines like the H5 and H7 inactivated vaccines are used to control outbreaks. In humans, experimental vaccines against H5N1 and H7N9 have been developed and stockpiled by agencies like the WHO and CDC.

Statement 2 is incorrect: While culling infected birds is an important control strategy, it is not the only method. Biosecurity measures, vaccination, and early detection also play crucial roles in controlling outbreaks.

Statement 3 is incorrect: Seasonal flu vaccines do not provide immunity against Bird Flu, as Avian Influenza viruses are genetically distinct from human influenza strains. Specially developed Bird Flu vaccines are required for protection.

Solution: D

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Which of the following is NOT a function of the Public Accounts Committee (PAC)? a) Examining the legality and propriety of government expenditure b) Reviewing the policies of the government and making recommendations for changes c) Scrutinizing reports of the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) d) Ensuring that funds are used for purposes approved by Parliament Correct Solution: B Statement (a) is correct: The PAC examines the legality, propriety, and efficiency of government expenditure, ensuring it aligns with the allocations approved by Parliament. Statement (b) is incorrect: The PAC does not review government policies or suggest policy changes. Policy formulation and changes fall under the Executive’s purview, while PAC’s role is limited to financial oversight. Statement (c) is correct: The PAC scrutinizes reports of the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) to identify financial irregularities and lapses in government spending. Statement (d) is correct: The PAC ensures that public funds are spent for the intended purposes as sanctioned by Parliament. Incorrect Solution: B Statement (a) is correct: The PAC examines the legality, propriety, and efficiency of government expenditure, ensuring it aligns with the allocations approved by Parliament. Statement (b) is incorrect: The PAC does not review government policies or suggest policy changes. Policy formulation and changes fall under the Executive’s purview, while PAC’s role is limited to financial oversight. Statement (c) is correct: The PAC scrutinizes reports of the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) to identify financial irregularities and lapses in government spending. Statement (d) is correct: The PAC ensures that public funds are spent for the intended purposes as sanctioned by Parliament.

#### 2. Question

Which of the following is NOT a function of the Public Accounts Committee (PAC)?

• a) Examining the legality and propriety of government expenditure

• b) Reviewing the policies of the government and making recommendations for changes

• c) Scrutinizing reports of the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG)

• d) Ensuring that funds are used for purposes approved by Parliament

Solution: B

Statement (a) is correct: The PAC examines the legality, propriety, and efficiency of government expenditure, ensuring it aligns with the allocations approved by Parliament.

Statement (b) is incorrect: The PAC does not review government policies or suggest policy changes. Policy formulation and changes fall under the Executive’s purview, while PAC’s role is limited to financial oversight.

Statement (c) is correct: The PAC scrutinizes reports of the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) to identify financial irregularities and lapses in government spending.

Statement (d) is correct: The PAC ensures that public funds are spent for the intended purposes as sanctioned by Parliament.

Solution: B

Statement (a) is correct: The PAC examines the legality, propriety, and efficiency of government expenditure, ensuring it aligns with the allocations approved by Parliament.

Statement (c) is correct: The PAC scrutinizes reports of the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) to identify financial irregularities and lapses in government spending.

Statement (d) is correct: The PAC ensures that public funds are spent for the intended purposes as sanctioned by Parliament.

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Consider the following statements regarding India’s role in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR): The SAGAR (Security and Growth for All in the Region) Initiative was launched by India to strengthen its leadership in the IOR. The Colombo Security Conclave (CSC) is a military alliance between India, Sri Lanka, and China for Indian Ocean security. India is a founding member of the Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA), an intergovernmental organization promoting regional cooperation. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: B Statement 1 is correct: The SAGAR (Security and Growth for All in the Region) initiative was launched by India in 2015 to enhance maritime security, foster economic collaboration, and strengthen India’s leadership in the IOR. It emphasizes cooperation in maritime governance, disaster response, and the Blue Economy. Statement 2 is incorrect: The Colombo Security Conclave (CSC) is not a military alliance and does not include China. It was initially formed in 2011 between India, Sri Lanka, and the Maldives, with Mauritius joining in 2022. CSC focuses on counterterrorism, maritime security, cybersecurity, and humanitarian assistance. Statement 3 is correct: India is a founding member of the Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA), established in 1997 to promote economic and security cooperation among Indian Ocean littoral states. Incorrect Solution: B Statement 1 is correct: The SAGAR (Security and Growth for All in the Region) initiative was launched by India in 2015 to enhance maritime security, foster economic collaboration, and strengthen India’s leadership in the IOR. It emphasizes cooperation in maritime governance, disaster response, and the Blue Economy. Statement 2 is incorrect: The Colombo Security Conclave (CSC) is not a military alliance and does not include China. It was initially formed in 2011 between India, Sri Lanka, and the Maldives, with Mauritius joining in 2022. CSC focuses on counterterrorism, maritime security, cybersecurity, and humanitarian assistance. Statement 3 is correct: India is a founding member of the Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA), established in 1997 to promote economic and security cooperation among Indian Ocean littoral states.

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements regarding India’s role in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR):

• The SAGAR (Security and Growth for All in the Region) Initiative was launched by India to strengthen its leadership in the IOR.

• The Colombo Security Conclave (CSC) is a military alliance between India, Sri Lanka, and China for Indian Ocean security.

• India is a founding member of the Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA), an intergovernmental organization promoting regional cooperation.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: B

Statement 1 is correct: The SAGAR (Security and Growth for All in the Region) initiative was launched by India in 2015 to enhance maritime security, foster economic collaboration, and strengthen India’s leadership in the IOR. It emphasizes cooperation in maritime governance, disaster response, and the Blue Economy.

Statement 2 is incorrect: The Colombo Security Conclave (CSC) is not a military alliance and does not include China. It was initially formed in 2011 between India, Sri Lanka, and the Maldives, with Mauritius joining in 2022. CSC focuses on counterterrorism, maritime security, cybersecurity, and humanitarian assistance.

Statement 3 is correct: India is a founding member of the Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA), established in 1997 to promote economic and security cooperation among Indian Ocean littoral states.

Solution: B

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Consider the following statements regarding Sudan Virus Disease (SVD) and its control measures: The virus is airborne and can spread through respiratory droplets like COVID-19. Quarantine measures are ineffective in controlling Sudan Virus outbreaks because the virus mutates rapidly. Sudan Virus is genetically closer to Marburg Virus than to Ebola Virus. How many of the above statements are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: D Sudan Virus Disease (SVD) is a severe hemorrhagic fever caused by the Sudan virus (SUDV), a member of the Ebolavirus genus. Statement 1 is incorrect: Sudan Virus is NOT airborne and does not spread through respiratory droplets like COVID-19. It spreads through direct contact with infected bodily fluids (blood, saliva, vomit, feces), contaminated surfaces, or infected animals (such as fruit bats and primates). Statement 2 is incorrect: Quarantine measures are highly effective in controlling Sudan Virus outbreaks. The virus requires direct contact for transmission, and it does not mutate as rapidly as viruses like influenza or coronaviruses. Isolation, contact tracing, and strict infection control have successfully contained past outbreaks. Statement 3 is incorrect: Sudan Virus is genetically closer to Ebola Virus (Zaire strain) because both belong to the Ebolavirus genus. Marburg Virus belongs to a different genus (Marburgvirus) under the same Filoviridae family. Incorrect Solution: D Sudan Virus Disease (SVD) is a severe hemorrhagic fever caused by the Sudan virus (SUDV), a member of the Ebolavirus genus. Statement 1 is incorrect: Sudan Virus is NOT airborne and does not spread through respiratory droplets like COVID-19. It spreads through direct contact with infected bodily fluids (blood, saliva, vomit, feces), contaminated surfaces, or infected animals (such as fruit bats and primates). Statement 2 is incorrect: Quarantine measures are highly effective in controlling Sudan Virus outbreaks. The virus requires direct contact for transmission, and it does not mutate as rapidly as viruses like influenza or coronaviruses. Isolation, contact tracing, and strict infection control have successfully contained past outbreaks. Statement 3 is incorrect: Sudan Virus is genetically closer to Ebola Virus (Zaire strain) because both belong to the Ebolavirus genus. Marburg Virus belongs to a different genus (Marburgvirus) under the same Filoviridae family.

#### 4. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Sudan Virus Disease (SVD) and its control measures:

• The virus is airborne and can spread through respiratory droplets like COVID-19.

• Quarantine measures are ineffective in controlling Sudan Virus outbreaks because the virus mutates rapidly.

• Sudan Virus is genetically closer to Marburg Virus than to Ebola Virus.

How many of the above statements are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: D

Sudan Virus Disease (SVD) is a severe hemorrhagic fever caused by the Sudan virus (SUDV), a member of the Ebolavirus genus.

• Statement 1 is incorrect: Sudan Virus is NOT airborne and does not spread through respiratory droplets like COVID-19. It spreads through direct contact with infected bodily fluids (blood, saliva, vomit, feces), contaminated surfaces, or infected animals (such as fruit bats and primates).

• Sudan Virus is NOT airborne and does not spread through respiratory droplets like COVID-19.

• It spreads through direct contact with infected bodily fluids (blood, saliva, vomit, feces), contaminated surfaces, or infected animals (such as fruit bats and primates).

• Statement 2 is incorrect: Quarantine measures are highly effective in controlling Sudan Virus outbreaks. The virus requires direct contact for transmission, and it does not mutate as rapidly as viruses like influenza or coronaviruses. Isolation, contact tracing, and strict infection control have successfully contained past outbreaks.

• Quarantine measures are highly effective in controlling Sudan Virus outbreaks.

• The virus requires direct contact for transmission, and it does not mutate as rapidly as viruses like influenza or coronaviruses.

• Isolation, contact tracing, and strict infection control have successfully contained past outbreaks.

• Statement 3 is incorrect: Sudan Virus is genetically closer to Ebola Virus (Zaire strain) because both belong to the Ebolavirus genus. Marburg Virus belongs to a different genus (Marburgvirus) under the same Filoviridae family.

• Sudan Virus is genetically closer to Ebola Virus (Zaire strain) because both belong to the Ebolavirus genus.

• Marburg Virus belongs to a different genus (Marburgvirus) under the same Filoviridae family.