UPSC Editorials Quiz : 18 July 2024

Introducing QUED – Questions from Editorials (UPSC Editorials Quiz) , an innovative initiative from InsightsIAS. Considering the significant number of questions in previous UPSC Prelims from editorials, practicing MCQs from this perspective can provide an extra edge. While we cover important editorials separately in our Editorial Section and SECURE Initiative, adding QUED (UPSC Editorials Quiz) to your daily MCQ practice alongside Static Quiz, Current Affairs Quiz, and InstaDART can be crucial for better performance. We recommend utilizing this initiative to enhance your preparation, with 5 MCQs posted daily at 11 am from Monday to Saturday on our website under the QUIZ menu.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Which of the following laws in India mention all foreign individuals together as “aliens”? The Citizenship Act, 1955 The Passports Act, 1967 The Extradition Act, 1962 The Foreigners Act, 1946 How many of the above options is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two c) Only three d) All four Correct Solution: d) In the absence of a consistent and comprehensive law to deal with asylum seekers, we lack a clear perspective on refugee management. We have a flurry of such laws as the Foreigners Act, 1946, the Registration of Foreigners Act, 1939, the Passports Act (1967), the Extradition Act, 1962, the Citizenship Act, 1955 (including its ominous 2019 amendment) and the Foreigners Order, 1948, all of which club all foreign individuals together as “aliens”. Source Incorrect Solution: d) In the absence of a consistent and comprehensive law to deal with asylum seekers, we lack a clear perspective on refugee management. We have a flurry of such laws as the Foreigners Act, 1946, the Registration of Foreigners Act, 1939, the Passports Act (1967), the Extradition Act, 1962, the Citizenship Act, 1955 (including its ominous 2019 amendment) and the Foreigners Order, 1948, all of which club all foreign individuals together as “aliens”. Source

#### 1. Question

Which of the following laws in India mention all foreign individuals together as “aliens”?

• The Citizenship Act, 1955

• The Passports Act, 1967

• The Extradition Act, 1962

• The Foreigners Act, 1946

How many of the above options is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• c) Only three

• d) All four

Solution: d)

In the absence of a consistent and comprehensive law to deal with asylum seekers, we lack a clear perspective on refugee management. We have a flurry of such laws as the Foreigners Act, 1946, the Registration of Foreigners Act, 1939, the Passports Act (1967), the Extradition Act, 1962, the Citizenship Act, 1955 (including its ominous 2019 amendment) and the Foreigners Order, 1948, all of which club all foreign individuals together as “aliens”.

Solution: d)

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following statements. During the lean season, the cattle and buffaloes produce more milk. The solids-not-fat (SNF) for Cow milk is usually more than buffalo milk. The fat percentage is more than the solids-not-fat (SNF) in cow milk. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: d) Cow milk contains 3.5% fat and 8.5% solids-not-fat (SNF) on an average, with the same at 6.5% and 9% for buffalo milk. Being perishable, milk cannot be stocked. Only its solids (i.e. fat and SNF) are storable after separation of the cream and drying of the skimmed milk. During the “flush” season, when cattle and buffaloes produce more, dairies convert the surplus milk they receive into butter, ghee and SMP — the first two from cream/fat, and the last from SNF. These solids are recombined along with water into liquid milk during the “lean” season, when production by animals falls and may not suffice to meet demand. The flush season in the South and Maharashtra (states with predominantly cow populations) generally extends from July, post the southwest monsoon rains, till December. In the North and Gujarat, it extends from September to March (coinciding with the calvings of buffaloes, which outnumber cows in this belt). Source Incorrect Solution: d) Cow milk contains 3.5% fat and 8.5% solids-not-fat (SNF) on an average, with the same at 6.5% and 9% for buffalo milk. Being perishable, milk cannot be stocked. Only its solids (i.e. fat and SNF) are storable after separation of the cream and drying of the skimmed milk. During the “flush” season, when cattle and buffaloes produce more, dairies convert the surplus milk they receive into butter, ghee and SMP — the first two from cream/fat, and the last from SNF. These solids are recombined along with water into liquid milk during the “lean” season, when production by animals falls and may not suffice to meet demand. The flush season in the South and Maharashtra (states with predominantly cow populations) generally extends from July, post the southwest monsoon rains, till December. In the North and Gujarat, it extends from September to March (coinciding with the calvings of buffaloes, which outnumber cows in this belt). Source

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements.

• During the lean season, the cattle and buffaloes produce more milk.

• The solids-not-fat (SNF) for Cow milk is usually more than buffalo milk.

• The fat percentage is more than the solids-not-fat (SNF) in cow milk.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: d)

Cow milk contains 3.5% fat and 8.5% solids-not-fat (SNF) on an average, with the same at 6.5% and 9% for buffalo milk. Being perishable, milk cannot be stocked. Only its solids (i.e. fat and SNF) are storable after separation of the cream and drying of the skimmed milk.

During the “flush” season, when cattle and buffaloes produce more, dairies convert the surplus milk they receive into butter, ghee and SMP — the first two from cream/fat, and the last from SNF. These solids are recombined along with water into liquid milk during the “lean” season, when production by animals falls and may not suffice to meet demand.

The flush season in the South and Maharashtra (states with predominantly cow populations) generally extends from July, post the southwest monsoon rains, till December. In the North and Gujarat, it extends from September to March (coinciding with the calvings of buffaloes, which outnumber cows in this belt).

Solution: d)

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Consider the following statements regarding Coral Reef Breakthrough. Coral Reef Breakthrough is the initiative of UN Environment. The initiative aims to safeguard at least 125,000 square kilometres of shallow-water tropical coral reefs by 2030. It also focuses on doubling the area of coral reefs under effective protection. How many of the above statements is/are incorrect? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: a) Statement 1 is incorrect. The International Coral Reef Initiative (ICRI), in collaboration with the Global Fund for Coral Reefs (GFCR) and the High-Level Climate Champions (HLCC), launched the Coral Reef Breakthrough. This initiative aims to safeguard at least 125,000 square kilometres of shallow-water tropical coral reefs by 2030 through investments of at least US$12 billion. The Coral Reef Breakthrough will focus on four action points: Mitigating local drivers of loss, including land-based pollution, coastal development, and overfishing. Doubling the area of coral reefs under effective protection by aligning with global coastal protection targets. Accelerating restoration efforts to impact 30% of degraded reefs by 2030. Securing investments of at least USD 12 billion by 2030 from public and private sources to conserve and restore coral ecosystems. Incorrect Solution: a) Statement 1 is incorrect. The International Coral Reef Initiative (ICRI), in collaboration with the Global Fund for Coral Reefs (GFCR) and the High-Level Climate Champions (HLCC), launched the Coral Reef Breakthrough. This initiative aims to safeguard at least 125,000 square kilometres of shallow-water tropical coral reefs by 2030 through investments of at least US$12 billion. The Coral Reef Breakthrough will focus on four action points: Mitigating local drivers of loss, including land-based pollution, coastal development, and overfishing. Doubling the area of coral reefs under effective protection by aligning with global coastal protection targets. Accelerating restoration efforts to impact 30% of degraded reefs by 2030. Securing investments of at least USD 12 billion by 2030 from public and private sources to conserve and restore coral ecosystems.

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Coral Reef Breakthrough.

• Coral Reef Breakthrough is the initiative of UN Environment.

• The initiative aims to safeguard at least 125,000 square kilometres of shallow-water tropical coral reefs by 2030.

• It also focuses on doubling the area of coral reefs under effective protection.

How many of the above statements is/are incorrect?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is incorrect.

The International Coral Reef Initiative (ICRI), in collaboration with the Global Fund for Coral Reefs (GFCR) and the High-Level Climate Champions (HLCC), launched the Coral Reef Breakthrough.

This initiative aims to safeguard at least 125,000 square kilometres of shallow-water tropical coral reefs by 2030 through investments of at least US$12 billion.

The Coral Reef Breakthrough will focus on four action points:

• Mitigating local drivers of loss, including land-based pollution, coastal development, and overfishing.

• Doubling the area of coral reefs under effective protection by aligning with global coastal protection targets.

• Accelerating restoration efforts to impact 30% of degraded reefs by 2030.

• Securing investments of at least USD 12 billion by 2030 from public and private sources to conserve and restore coral ecosystems.

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is incorrect.

The International Coral Reef Initiative (ICRI), in collaboration with the Global Fund for Coral Reefs (GFCR) and the High-Level Climate Champions (HLCC), launched the Coral Reef Breakthrough.

This initiative aims to safeguard at least 125,000 square kilometres of shallow-water tropical coral reefs by 2030 through investments of at least US$12 billion.

The Coral Reef Breakthrough will focus on four action points:

• Mitigating local drivers of loss, including land-based pollution, coastal development, and overfishing.

• Doubling the area of coral reefs under effective protection by aligning with global coastal protection targets.

• Accelerating restoration efforts to impact 30% of degraded reefs by 2030.

• Securing investments of at least USD 12 billion by 2030 from public and private sources to conserve and restore coral ecosystems.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Consider the following statements. A gyreis a circular ocean current formed by Earth’s wind patterns and the forces created by the rotation of the planet. The North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG) moves in anti-clockwise direction. The North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG) consists of the Kuroshio, North Pacific, California, and North Equatorial currents. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 2 is incorrect. There are some water currents in the oceans that, driven by winds and the Coriolis force, form loops. These are called gyres. The North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG) is one such, located just north of the equator in the Pacific Ocean. It consists of the Kuroshio, North Pacific, California, and North Equatorial currents and moves in a clockwise direction. These currents flow adjacent to 51 Pacific Rim countries. Any trash that enters one of these currents, from any of these countries, could become part of the gyre. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 2 is incorrect. There are some water currents in the oceans that, driven by winds and the Coriolis force, form loops. These are called gyres. The North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG) is one such, located just north of the equator in the Pacific Ocean. It consists of the Kuroshio, North Pacific, California, and North Equatorial currents and moves in a clockwise direction. These currents flow adjacent to 51 Pacific Rim countries. Any trash that enters one of these currents, from any of these countries, could become part of the gyre.

#### 4. Question

Consider the following statements.

• A gyreis a circular ocean current formed by Earth’s wind patterns and the forces created by the rotation of the planet.

• The North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG) moves in anti-clockwise direction.

• The North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG) consists of the Kuroshio, North Pacific, California, and North Equatorial currents.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 2 is incorrect.

There are some water currents in the oceans that, driven by winds and the Coriolis force, form loops. These are called gyres. The North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG) is one such, located just north of the equator in the Pacific Ocean. It consists of the Kuroshio, North Pacific, California, and North Equatorial currents and moves in a clockwise direction. These currents flow adjacent to 51 Pacific Rim countries. Any trash that enters one of these currents, from any of these countries, could become part of the gyre.

Solution: b)

Statement 2 is incorrect.

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Consider the following statements regarding Electrons. The electron is a subatomic particle with a negative elementary electric charge. Electrons move so slowly that capturing them requires long pulses of light. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements? a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct Correct Solution: c) The electron is a subatomic particle with a negative elementary electric charge. Electrons rapid movement made them challenging to study directly. Scientists had to rely on averaging their properties. Electrons move so quickly that capturing them requires extremely short pulses of light such as attosecond. Electron dynamics occur on the attosecond timescale, which is a billionth of a billionth of a second (1×10−18 of a second), much faster than femtoseconds (a millionth of a billionth of a second) associated with atomic movements. Incorrect Solution: c) The electron is a subatomic particle with a negative elementary electric charge. Electrons rapid movement made them challenging to study directly. Scientists had to rely on averaging their properties. Electrons move so quickly that capturing them requires extremely short pulses of light such as attosecond. Electron dynamics occur on the attosecond timescale, which is a billionth of a billionth of a second (1×10−18 of a second), much faster than femtoseconds (a millionth of a billionth of a second) associated with atomic movements.

#### 5. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Electrons.

• The electron is a subatomic particle with a negative elementary electric charge.

• Electrons move so slowly that capturing them requires long pulses of light.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

• a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I

• b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I

• c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect

• d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct

Solution: c)

The electron is a subatomic particle with a negative elementary electric charge. Electrons rapid movement made them challenging to study directly. Scientists had to rely on averaging their properties.

Electrons move so quickly that capturing them requires extremely short pulses of light such as attosecond.

Electron dynamics occur on the attosecond timescale, which is a billionth of a billionth of a second (1×10−18 of a second), much faster than femtoseconds (a millionth of a billionth of a second) associated with atomic movements.

Solution: c)

Electrons move so quickly that capturing them requires extremely short pulses of light such as attosecond.

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