UPSC Editorials Quiz : 15 February 2025

Introducing QUED – Questions from Editorials (UPSC Editorials Quiz) , an innovative initiative from InsightsIAS. Considering the significant number of questions in previous UPSC Prelims from editorials, practicing MCQs from this perspective can provide an extra edge. While we cover important editorials separately in our Editorial Section and SECURE Initiative, adding QUED (UPSC Editorials Quiz) to your daily MCQ practice alongside Static Quiz, Current Affairs Quiz, and InstaDART can be crucial for better performance. We recommend utilizing this initiative to enhance your preparation, with 5 MCQs posted daily at 11 am from Monday to Saturday on our website under the QUIZ menu.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Consider the following statements regarding the National Commission for Safai Karamcharis (NCSK): NCSK is a constitutional body established under Article 338 of the Indian Constitution. The commission has a judicial wing that handles cases of human rights violations against sanitation workers. The NCSK has the power to enforce penalties on municipalities that fail to implement the Prohibition of Manual Scavenging Act, 2013. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: d) The National Commission for Safai Karamcharis (NCSK) is a statutory body, not a constitutional body, meaning Statement 1 is incorrect. It was established under an executive resolution and later given statutory status under the Prohibition of Employment as Manual Scavengers and Their Rehabilitation Act, 2013. Unlike commissions under Article 338, such as the National Commission for Scheduled Castes (NCSC), the NCSK does not derive authority from the Constitution. Statement 2 is incorrect because NCSK does not have a judicial wing and cannot adjudicate cases of human rights violations. It primarily monitors the implementation of laws related to sanitation workers and recommends policy changes. Statement 3 is incorrect as the NCSK does not have enforcement powers to penalize municipalities. It can only issue recommendations and review the implementation of the Prohibition of Manual Scavenging Act, 2013. Incorrect Solution: d) The National Commission for Safai Karamcharis (NCSK) is a statutory body, not a constitutional body, meaning Statement 1 is incorrect. It was established under an executive resolution and later given statutory status under the Prohibition of Employment as Manual Scavengers and Their Rehabilitation Act, 2013. Unlike commissions under Article 338, such as the National Commission for Scheduled Castes (NCSC), the NCSK does not derive authority from the Constitution. Statement 2 is incorrect because NCSK does not have a judicial wing and cannot adjudicate cases of human rights violations. It primarily monitors the implementation of laws related to sanitation workers and recommends policy changes. Statement 3 is incorrect as the NCSK does not have enforcement powers to penalize municipalities. It can only issue recommendations and review the implementation of the Prohibition of Manual Scavenging Act, 2013.

#### 1. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the National Commission for Safai Karamcharis (NCSK):

• NCSK is a constitutional body established under Article 338 of the Indian Constitution.

• The commission has a judicial wing that handles cases of human rights violations against sanitation workers.

• The NCSK has the power to enforce penalties on municipalities that fail to implement the Prohibition of Manual Scavenging Act, 2013.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: d)

The National Commission for Safai Karamcharis (NCSK) is a statutory body, not a constitutional body, meaning Statement 1 is incorrect. It was established under an executive resolution and later given statutory status under the Prohibition of Employment as Manual Scavengers and Their Rehabilitation Act, 2013. Unlike commissions under Article 338, such as the National Commission for Scheduled Castes (NCSC), the NCSK does not derive authority from the Constitution.

Statement 2 is incorrect because NCSK does not have a judicial wing and cannot adjudicate cases of human rights violations. It primarily monitors the implementation of laws related to sanitation workers and recommends policy changes.

Statement 3 is incorrect as the NCSK does not have enforcement powers to penalize municipalities. It can only issue recommendations and review the implementation of the Prohibition of Manual Scavenging Act, 2013.

Solution: d)

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following statements about Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary: The sanctuary was originally established as a biosphere reserve before being declared a wildlife sanctuary. It is the largest protected area in Madhya Pradesh in terms of land area. It is home to the endangered striped hyena and Indian wolf. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: a) Statement 1 is incorrect because Gandhi Sagar was never a biosphere reserve. It was declared a wildlife sanctuary in 1974 under the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972. Statement 2 is also incorrect as Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary is not the largest protected area in Madhya Pradesh. The largest protected areas in the state include Kanha National Park (940 sq. km) and Satpura National Park (1,428 sq. km), both of which are larger than Gandhi Sagar. Statement 3 is correct since the sanctuary is home to endangered carnivores like the striped hyena and Indian wolf, along with other wildlife such as leopards, sloth bears, and nilgai. Incorrect Solution: a) Statement 1 is incorrect because Gandhi Sagar was never a biosphere reserve. It was declared a wildlife sanctuary in 1974 under the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972. Statement 2 is also incorrect as Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary is not the largest protected area in Madhya Pradesh. The largest protected areas in the state include Kanha National Park (940 sq. km) and Satpura National Park (1,428 sq. km), both of which are larger than Gandhi Sagar. Statement 3 is correct since the sanctuary is home to endangered carnivores like the striped hyena and Indian wolf, along with other wildlife such as leopards, sloth bears, and nilgai.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements about Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary:

• The sanctuary was originally established as a biosphere reserve before being declared a wildlife sanctuary.

• It is the largest protected area in Madhya Pradesh in terms of land area.

• It is home to the endangered striped hyena and Indian wolf.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is incorrect because Gandhi Sagar was never a biosphere reserve. It was declared a wildlife sanctuary in 1974 under the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972.

Statement 2 is also incorrect as Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary is not the largest protected area in Madhya Pradesh. The largest protected areas in the state include Kanha National Park (940 sq. km) and Satpura National Park (1,428 sq. km), both of which are larger than Gandhi Sagar.

Statement 3 is correct since the sanctuary is home to endangered carnivores like the striped hyena and Indian wolf, along with other wildlife such as leopards, sloth bears, and nilgai.

Solution: a)

Statement 1 is incorrect because Gandhi Sagar was never a biosphere reserve. It was declared a wildlife sanctuary in 1974 under the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972.

Statement 3 is correct since the sanctuary is home to endangered carnivores like the striped hyena and Indian wolf, along with other wildlife such as leopards, sloth bears, and nilgai.

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Consider the following statements regarding the International Criminal Court (ICC): The ICC was established by the Rome Statute. The United Nations Security Council has the authority to dismiss cases before the ICC. The ICC can prosecute crimes committed before its establishment in 2002 if they are of significant international concern. Which of the above statements are correct? a) 1 and 2 b) 1 and 3 c) 2 and 3 d) All of the above Correct Solution: a) The International Criminal Court (ICC) is a permanent international tribunal that prosecutes individuals for genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and aggression. Statement 1 is correct: The ICC was established by the Rome Statute, which was adopted in 1998 and entered into force in 2002. It functions independently of the United Nations, though it often works in collaboration with the UN. Statement 2 is correct: The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) has authority over ICC proceedings under Article 16 of the Rome Statute. It can refer cases to the ICC (even if the country is not a signatory) and defer proceedings for up to 12 months, renewable indefinitely. Statement 3 is incorrect: The ICC does not have retroactive jurisdiction. It can only prosecute crimes committed on or after July 1, 2002, when the Rome Statute came into effect. Incorrect Solution: a) The International Criminal Court (ICC) is a permanent international tribunal that prosecutes individuals for genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and aggression. Statement 1 is correct: The ICC was established by the Rome Statute, which was adopted in 1998 and entered into force in 2002. It functions independently of the United Nations, though it often works in collaboration with the UN. Statement 2 is correct: The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) has authority over ICC proceedings under Article 16 of the Rome Statute. It can refer cases to the ICC (even if the country is not a signatory) and defer proceedings for up to 12 months, renewable indefinitely. Statement 3 is incorrect: The ICC does not have retroactive jurisdiction. It can only prosecute crimes committed on or after July 1, 2002, when the Rome Statute came into effect.

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the International Criminal Court (ICC):

• The ICC was established by the Rome Statute.

• The United Nations Security Council has the authority to dismiss cases before the ICC.

• The ICC can prosecute crimes committed before its establishment in 2002 if they are of significant international concern.

Which of the above statements are correct?

• a) 1 and 2

• b) 1 and 3

• c) 2 and 3

• d) All of the above

Solution: a)

The International Criminal Court (ICC) is a permanent international tribunal that prosecutes individuals for genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and aggression.

Statement 1 is correct: The ICC was established by the Rome Statute, which was adopted in 1998 and entered into force in 2002. It functions independently of the United Nations, though it often works in collaboration with the UN.

Statement 2 is correct: The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) has authority over ICC proceedings under Article 16 of the Rome Statute. It can refer cases to the ICC (even if the country is not a signatory) and defer proceedings for up to 12 months, renewable indefinitely.

Statement 3 is incorrect: The ICC does not have retroactive jurisdiction. It can only prosecute crimes committed on or after July 1, 2002, when the Rome Statute came into effect.

Solution: a)

The International Criminal Court (ICC) is a permanent international tribunal that prosecutes individuals for genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and aggression.

Statement 3 is incorrect: The ICC does not have retroactive jurisdiction. It can only prosecute crimes committed on or after July 1, 2002, when the Rome Statute came into effect.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Which of the following statements best describes the role of United States Agency for International Development (USAID) in global economic development? a) USAID primarily provides military aid to strengthen U.S. strategic partnerships in developing countries. b) USAID works exclusively with governments and does not engage with private sector organizations or NGOs. c) USAID focuses on development programs aimed at promoting economic growth, governance, health, and climate resilience. d) USAID's role is limited to emergency humanitarian aid and disaster response. Correct Solution: c) Option a is incorrect: USAID is a civilian development agency, not a military aid provider (military aid is provided by the U.S. Department of Defense). Option b is incorrect: USAID works with a wide range of partners, including governments, NGOs, private sector players, and multilateral institutions. Option c is correct: USAID funds economic development, democracy promotion, health initiatives, climate resilience programs, and humanitarian relief. Option d is incorrect: While USAID provides disaster relief, it is not limited to emergency aid; it has long-term development programs in over 100 countries. Incorrect Solution: c) Option a is incorrect: USAID is a civilian development agency, not a military aid provider (military aid is provided by the U.S. Department of Defense). Option b is incorrect: USAID works with a wide range of partners, including governments, NGOs, private sector players, and multilateral institutions. Option c is correct: USAID funds economic development, democracy promotion, health initiatives, climate resilience programs, and humanitarian relief. Option d is incorrect: While USAID provides disaster relief, it is not limited to emergency aid; it has long-term development programs in over 100 countries.

#### 4. Question

Which of the following statements best describes the role of United States Agency for International Development (USAID) in global economic development?

• a) USAID primarily provides military aid to strengthen U.S. strategic partnerships in developing countries.

• b) USAID works exclusively with governments and does not engage with private sector organizations or NGOs.

• c) USAID focuses on development programs aimed at promoting economic growth, governance, health, and climate resilience.

• d) USAID's role is limited to emergency humanitarian aid and disaster response.

Solution: c)

Option a is incorrect: USAID is a civilian development agency, not a military aid provider (military aid is provided by the U.S. Department of Defense).

Option b is incorrect: USAID works with a wide range of partners, including governments, NGOs, private sector players, and multilateral institutions.

Option c is correct: USAID funds economic development, democracy promotion, health initiatives, climate resilience programs, and humanitarian relief.

Option d is incorrect: While USAID provides disaster relief, it is not limited to emergency aid; it has long-term development programs in over 100 countries.

Solution: c)

Option a is incorrect: USAID is a civilian development agency, not a military aid provider (military aid is provided by the U.S. Department of Defense).

Option b is incorrect: USAID works with a wide range of partners, including governments, NGOs, private sector players, and multilateral institutions.

Option c is correct: USAID funds economic development, democracy promotion, health initiatives, climate resilience programs, and humanitarian relief.

Option d is incorrect: While USAID provides disaster relief, it is not limited to emergency aid; it has long-term development programs in over 100 countries.

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Consider the following statements regarding the abolition of the Zamindari system in India: The abolition of Zamindari was implemented through the First Constitutional Amendment Act, 1951, which placed land reform laws under the Ninth Schedule. The objective of Zamindari abolition was to remove intermediaries and establish direct ownership of land by cultivators. The abolition of the Zamindari system completely eradicated land inequality and feudalistic structures in rural India. How many of the above statements are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) The abolition of the Zamindari system was one of the first major land reforms in independent India, aimed at dismantling feudal land ownership structures and empowering cultivators. Statement 1 is correct: The First Constitutional Amendment Act, 1951, placed land reform laws under the Ninth Schedule of the Constitution. This was done to protect them from judicial review, as courts were striking down land reform laws citing violations of fundamental rights, particularly Article 31 (Right to Property). Statement 2 is correct: The primary objective of Zamindari abolition was to eliminate intermediaries (Zamindars) who collected rent from peasants and had significant control over land. The reform sought to establish direct ownership of land by cultivators, ensuring better agricultural productivity and social justice. Statement 3 is incorrect: Despite Zamindari abolition, land inequality persisted. Wealthy peasants and landlords used benami transactions to retain control over large landholdings. Ceiling laws were often bypassed, and tenant farmers did not always receive full ownership rights. Incorrect Solution: b) The abolition of the Zamindari system was one of the first major land reforms in independent India, aimed at dismantling feudal land ownership structures and empowering cultivators. Statement 1 is correct: The First Constitutional Amendment Act, 1951, placed land reform laws under the Ninth Schedule of the Constitution. This was done to protect them from judicial review, as courts were striking down land reform laws citing violations of fundamental rights, particularly Article 31 (Right to Property). Statement 2 is correct: The primary objective of Zamindari abolition was to eliminate intermediaries (Zamindars) who collected rent from peasants and had significant control over land. The reform sought to establish direct ownership of land by cultivators, ensuring better agricultural productivity and social justice. Statement 3 is incorrect: Despite Zamindari abolition, land inequality persisted. Wealthy peasants and landlords used benami transactions to retain control over large landholdings. Ceiling laws were often bypassed, and tenant farmers did not always receive full ownership rights.

#### 5. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the abolition of the Zamindari system in India:

• The abolition of Zamindari was implemented through the First Constitutional Amendment Act, 1951, which placed land reform laws under the Ninth Schedule.

• The objective of Zamindari abolition was to remove intermediaries and establish direct ownership of land by cultivators.

• The abolition of the Zamindari system completely eradicated land inequality and feudalistic structures in rural India.

How many of the above statements are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

The abolition of the Zamindari system was one of the first major land reforms in independent India, aimed at dismantling feudal land ownership structures and empowering cultivators.

Statement 1 is correct: The First Constitutional Amendment Act, 1951, placed land reform laws under the Ninth Schedule of the Constitution. This was done to protect them from judicial review, as courts were striking down land reform laws citing violations of fundamental rights, particularly Article 31 (Right to Property).

Statement 2 is correct: The primary objective of Zamindari abolition was to eliminate intermediaries (Zamindars) who collected rent from peasants and had significant control over land. The reform sought to establish direct ownership of land by cultivators, ensuring better agricultural productivity and social justice.

Statement 3 is incorrect: Despite Zamindari abolition, land inequality persisted. Wealthy peasants and landlords used benami transactions to retain control over large landholdings. Ceiling laws were often bypassed, and tenant farmers did not always receive full ownership rights.

Solution: b)

The abolition of the Zamindari system was one of the first major land reforms in independent India, aimed at dismantling feudal land ownership structures and empowering cultivators.

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