UPSC Editorials Quiz : 15 April 2025

Introducing QUED – Questions from Editorials (UPSC Editorials Quiz) , an innovative initiative from InsightsIAS. Considering the significant number of questions in previous UPSC Prelims from editorials, practicing MCQs from this perspective can provide an extra edge. While we cover important editorials separately in our Editorial Section and SECURE Initiative, adding QUED (UPSC Editorials Quiz) to your daily MCQ practice alongside Static Quiz, Current Affairs Quiz, and InstaDART can be crucial for better performance. We recommend utilizing this initiative to enhance your preparation, with 5 MCQs posted daily at 11 am from Monday to Saturday on our website under the QUIZ menu.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question In the context of India’s regional connectivity policies, the 2020 trans-shipment facility allowed which of the following? a) Indian goods to transit through Bangladesh to reach Myanmar b) Nepali goods to transit through Bangladesh to reach India c) Bangladeshi export cargo to third countries via Indian territory d) Bhutanese hydropower to be exported through Bangladesh’s port network Correct Solution: c) The 2020 trans-shipment facility marked a key milestone in India’s regional connectivity strategy, enhancing economic integration with neighboring countries. Under this arrangement, India allowed Bangladeshi export cargo—particularly its flagship export item, readymade garments (RMG)—to transit through Indian territory to access ports like Kolkata and Haldia for shipment to third countries. This facility was particularly useful for landlocked neighbors like Bhutan and Nepal, which benefited from smoother logistical access to Bangladeshi exports via Indian infrastructure. Importantly, this was a unilateral move by India, showcasing its commitment to regional cooperation and goodwill. It aligned with India’s Act East and Neighborhood First policies by promoting trade, reducing transportation time and costs, and reinforcing India’s role as a regional connectivity hub. Incorrect Solution: c) The 2020 trans-shipment facility marked a key milestone in India’s regional connectivity strategy, enhancing economic integration with neighboring countries. Under this arrangement, India allowed Bangladeshi export cargo—particularly its flagship export item, readymade garments (RMG)—to transit through Indian territory to access ports like Kolkata and Haldia for shipment to third countries. This facility was particularly useful for landlocked neighbors like Bhutan and Nepal, which benefited from smoother logistical access to Bangladeshi exports via Indian infrastructure. Importantly, this was a unilateral move by India, showcasing its commitment to regional cooperation and goodwill. It aligned with India’s Act East and Neighborhood First policies by promoting trade, reducing transportation time and costs, and reinforcing India’s role as a regional connectivity hub.

#### 1. Question

In the context of India’s regional connectivity policies, the 2020 trans-shipment facility allowed which of the following?

• a) Indian goods to transit through Bangladesh to reach Myanmar

• b) Nepali goods to transit through Bangladesh to reach India

• c) Bangladeshi export cargo to third countries via Indian territory

• d) Bhutanese hydropower to be exported through Bangladesh’s port network

Solution: c)

• The 2020 trans-shipment facility marked a key milestone in India’s regional connectivity strategy, enhancing economic integration with neighboring countries.

• Under this arrangement, India allowed Bangladeshi export cargo—particularly its flagship export item, readymade garments (RMG)—to transit through Indian territory to access ports like Kolkata and Haldia for shipment to third countries.

• This facility was particularly useful for landlocked neighbors like Bhutan and Nepal, which benefited from smoother logistical access to Bangladeshi exports via Indian infrastructure.

• Importantly, this was a unilateral move by India, showcasing its commitment to regional cooperation and goodwill. It aligned with India’s Act East and Neighborhood First policies by promoting trade, reducing transportation time and costs, and reinforcing India’s role as a regional connectivity hub.

Solution: c)

• The 2020 trans-shipment facility marked a key milestone in India’s regional connectivity strategy, enhancing economic integration with neighboring countries.

• This facility was particularly useful for landlocked neighbors like Bhutan and Nepal, which benefited from smoother logistical access to Bangladeshi exports via Indian infrastructure.

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Which of the following best describes “ghost gear” in the context of marine pollution? a) Sunken vessels releasing oil into the marine ecosystem b) Biodegradable fishing tools lost in deep-sea trawling c) Underwater sonar equipment disrupting marine mammals’ communication d) Discarded or lost fishing nets that continue to entangle marine life Correct Solution: d) “Ghost gear” refers to abandoned, lost, or otherwise discarded fishing gear (ALDFG) such as nets, lines, and traps. Even after being lost, these continue to trap and kill marine species—a process known as ghost fishing. According to UNEP, ghost gear contributes to the death of over 650,000 marine mammals annually, posing grave ecological and economic risks. It entangles not only commercial species like tuna but also endangered species like sea turtles, sharks, and dolphins. It also clogs coral reefs and leads to microplastic fragmentation over time. Ghost gear is a key target under the Global Ghost Gear Initiative (GGGI), and addressing it is critical for achieving SDG 14 – Life Below Water. Incorrect Solution: d) “Ghost gear” refers to abandoned, lost, or otherwise discarded fishing gear (ALDFG) such as nets, lines, and traps. Even after being lost, these continue to trap and kill marine species—a process known as ghost fishing. According to UNEP, ghost gear contributes to the death of over 650,000 marine mammals annually, posing grave ecological and economic risks. It entangles not only commercial species like tuna but also endangered species like sea turtles, sharks, and dolphins. It also clogs coral reefs and leads to microplastic fragmentation over time. Ghost gear is a key target under the Global Ghost Gear Initiative (GGGI), and addressing it is critical for achieving SDG 14 – Life Below Water.

#### 2. Question

Which of the following best describes “ghost gear” in the context of marine pollution?

• a) Sunken vessels releasing oil into the marine ecosystem

• b) Biodegradable fishing tools lost in deep-sea trawling

• c) Underwater sonar equipment disrupting marine mammals’ communication

• d) Discarded or lost fishing nets that continue to entangle marine life

Solution: d)

• “Ghost gear” refers to abandoned, lost, or otherwise discarded fishing gear (ALDFG) such as nets, lines, and traps. Even after being lost, these continue to trap and kill marine species—a process known as ghost fishing.

• According to UNEP, ghost gear contributes to the death of over 650,000 marine mammals annually, posing grave ecological and economic risks.

• It entangles not only commercial species like tuna but also endangered species like sea turtles, sharks, and dolphins.

• It also clogs coral reefs and leads to microplastic fragmentation over time. Ghost gear is a key target under the Global Ghost Gear Initiative (GGGI), and addressing it is critical for achieving SDG 14 – Life Below Water.

Solution: d)

• According to UNEP, ghost gear contributes to the death of over 650,000 marine mammals annually, posing grave ecological and economic risks.

• It entangles not only commercial species like tuna but also endangered species like sea turtles, sharks, and dolphins.

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Consider the following statements about microplastic pollution: Microplastics are only generated through the breakdown of larger plastic objects. Primary microplastics include cosmetic microbeads and synthetic fibres. Microplastics are visible to the naked eye and easily filtered out of water. How many of the above statements are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: a) Statement 1 is incorrect because microplastics are classified into two types: primary microplastics, which are intentionally manufactured at a microscopic size (like microbeads in cosmetics and fibres shed from synthetic textiles); and *secondary* microplastics, which result from the degradation of larger plastic items due to environmental exposure like sunlight or mechanical abrasion. Statement 2 is correct—primary microplastics include synthetic fibres and cosmetic microbeads, both of which are significant sources of environmental contamination. Statement 3 is incorrect as most microplastics are less than 5 mm in size, many are microscopic, and therefore invisible to the naked eye. Their small size and diverse composition make them extremely difficult to filter out of aquatic systems using conventional filtration technologies. Incorrect Solution: a) Statement 1 is incorrect because microplastics are classified into two types: primary microplastics, which are intentionally manufactured at a microscopic size (like microbeads in cosmetics and fibres shed from synthetic textiles); and *secondary* microplastics, which result from the degradation of larger plastic items due to environmental exposure like sunlight or mechanical abrasion. Statement 2 is correct—primary microplastics include synthetic fibres and cosmetic microbeads, both of which are significant sources of environmental contamination. Statement 3 is incorrect as most microplastics are less than 5 mm in size, many are microscopic, and therefore invisible to the naked eye. Their small size and diverse composition make them extremely difficult to filter out of aquatic systems using conventional filtration technologies.

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements about microplastic pollution:

• Microplastics are only generated through the breakdown of larger plastic objects.

• Primary microplastics include cosmetic microbeads and synthetic fibres.

• Microplastics are visible to the naked eye and easily filtered out of water.

How many of the above statements are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: a)

• Statement 1 is incorrect because microplastics are classified into two types: primary microplastics, which are intentionally manufactured at a microscopic size (like microbeads in cosmetics and fibres shed from synthetic textiles); and *secondary* microplastics, which result from the degradation of larger plastic items due to environmental exposure like sunlight or mechanical abrasion.

• Statement 2 is correct—primary microplastics include synthetic fibres and cosmetic microbeads, both of which are significant sources of environmental contamination.

• Statement 3 is incorrect as most microplastics are less than 5 mm in size, many are microscopic, and therefore invisible to the naked eye. Their small size and diverse composition make them extremely difficult to filter out of aquatic systems using conventional filtration technologies.

Solution: a)

• Statement 2 is correct—primary microplastics include synthetic fibres and cosmetic microbeads, both of which are significant sources of environmental contamination.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Consider the following statements regarding the Bustard Recovery Program: It includes both ex-situ conservation breeding and in-situ habitat management components. It is implemented solely by state governments of Rajasthan and Gujarat under MoEFCC supervision. The project receives financial support through CAMPA funds. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: b) Statements 1 and 3 are correct. The Bustard Recovery Program is one of India’s flagship grassland conservation efforts and includes ex-situ conservation breeding (e.g., Jaisalmer breeding centre for GIB) and in-situ strategies like habitat restoration and minimizing disturbance during breeding season. It is also funded by CAMPA (Compensatory Afforestation Fund), making it an example of ecological restitution using diverted forest funds. Statement 2 is incorrect—the program is centrally implemented by the Wildlife Institute of India (WII) with support from MoEFCC and state forest departments of Rajasthan, Gujarat, and Maharashtra, among others. Incorrect Solution: b) Statements 1 and 3 are correct. The Bustard Recovery Program is one of India’s flagship grassland conservation efforts and includes ex-situ conservation breeding (e.g., Jaisalmer breeding centre for GIB) and in-situ strategies like habitat restoration and minimizing disturbance during breeding season. It is also funded by CAMPA (Compensatory Afforestation Fund), making it an example of ecological restitution using diverted forest funds. Statement 2 is incorrect—the program is centrally implemented by the Wildlife Institute of India (WII) with support from MoEFCC and state forest departments of Rajasthan, Gujarat, and Maharashtra, among others.

#### 4. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the Bustard Recovery Program:

• It includes both ex-situ conservation breeding and in-situ habitat management components.

• It is implemented solely by state governments of Rajasthan and Gujarat under MoEFCC supervision.

• The project receives financial support through CAMPA funds.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: b)

• Statements 1 and 3 are correct.

• The Bustard Recovery Program is one of India’s flagship grassland conservation efforts and includes ex-situ conservation breeding (e.g., Jaisalmer breeding centre for GIB) and in-situ strategies like habitat restoration and minimizing disturbance during breeding season.

• It is also funded by CAMPA (Compensatory Afforestation Fund), making it an example of ecological restitution using diverted forest funds.

• Statement 2 is incorrect—the program is centrally implemented by the Wildlife Institute of India (WII) with support from MoEFCC and state forest departments of Rajasthan, Gujarat, and Maharashtra, among others.

Solution: b)

• Statements 1 and 3 are correct.

• It is also funded by CAMPA (Compensatory Afforestation Fund), making it an example of ecological restitution using diverted forest funds.

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Consider the following statements: Crocodile Conservation Project was launched in Bhitarkanika under the UNCCD framework. Bhitarkanika is India’s largest mangrove ecosystem, followed by the Gulf of Kachchh. The conservation project focused on captive breeding and habitat restoration. How many of the above statements is/are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None Correct Solution: a) Only statement 3 is correct. The Crocodile Conservation Project, launched in 1975, focused on captive breeding, release, habitat restoration, and monitoring of all three crocodile species in India. Statement 1 is incorrect—it had no link with the UNCCD, which deals with desertification. Statement 2 is also incorrect—the Sundarbans is the largest mangrove ecosystem in India, not Bhitarkanika. Bhitarkanika is second, followed by others like Pichavaram and Gulf of Kachchh. Incorrect Solution: a) Only statement 3 is correct. The Crocodile Conservation Project, launched in 1975, focused on captive breeding, release, habitat restoration, and monitoring of all three crocodile species in India. Statement 1 is incorrect—it had no link with the UNCCD, which deals with desertification. Statement 2 is also incorrect—the Sundarbans is the largest mangrove ecosystem in India, not Bhitarkanika. Bhitarkanika is second, followed by others like Pichavaram and Gulf of Kachchh.

#### 5. Question

Consider the following statements:

• Crocodile Conservation Project was launched in Bhitarkanika under the UNCCD framework.

• Bhitarkanika is India’s largest mangrove ecosystem, followed by the Gulf of Kachchh.

• The conservation project focused on captive breeding and habitat restoration.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• (a) Only one

• (b) Only two

• (c) All three

Solution: a)

• Only statement 3 is correct.

• The Crocodile Conservation Project, launched in 1975, focused on captive breeding, release, habitat restoration, and monitoring of all three crocodile species in India.

• Statement 1 is incorrect—it had no link with the UNCCD, which deals with desertification. Statement 2 is also incorrect—the Sundarbans is the largest mangrove ecosystem in India, not Bhitarkanika. Bhitarkanika is second, followed by others like Pichavaram and Gulf of Kachchh.

Solution: a)

• Only statement 3 is correct.

• The Crocodile Conservation Project, launched in 1975, focused on captive breeding, release, habitat restoration, and monitoring of all three crocodile species in India.

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