UPSC Editorials Quiz : 14 September 2024

Introducing QUED – Questions from Editorials (UPSC Editorials Quiz) , an innovative initiative from InsightsIAS. Considering the significant number of questions in previous UPSC Prelims from editorials, practicing MCQs from this perspective can provide an extra edge. While we cover important editorials separately in our Editorial Section and SECURE Initiative, adding QUED (UPSC Editorials Quiz) to your daily MCQ practice alongside Static Quiz, Current Affairs Quiz, and InstaDART can be crucial for better performance. We recommend utilizing this initiative to enhance your preparation, with 5 MCQs posted daily at 11 am from Monday to Saturday on our website under the QUIZ menu.

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Consider the following statements about the WHO Global Framework for Pathogen Origins: The framework includes early investigation methods for identifying the source of pathogens and collecting samples. The framework mandates that all countries develop vaccines for each pathogen discovered during investigations. The framework includes studies on human-animal interfaces to identify pathogen reservoirs and transmission mechanisms. Which of the above statements are correct? a) 1 and 2 only b) 1 and 3 only c) 2 and 3 only d) 1, 2, and 3 Correct Solution: b) Statement 1 is correct as the framework includes early investigations focusing on source identification and sample collection to understand how pathogens emerge and spread. Statement 3 is also correct, as human-animal interface studies are a key part of the framework, which examines the interaction between pathogens and their reservoirs. Statement 2 is incorrect because the framework does not mandate the development of vaccines but focuses on investigating pathogen origins to prevent future outbreaks. Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 1 is correct as the framework includes early investigations focusing on source identification and sample collection to understand how pathogens emerge and spread. Statement 3 is also correct, as human-animal interface studies are a key part of the framework, which examines the interaction between pathogens and their reservoirs. Statement 2 is incorrect because the framework does not mandate the development of vaccines but focuses on investigating pathogen origins to prevent future outbreaks.

#### 1. Question

Consider the following statements about the WHO Global Framework for Pathogen Origins:

• The framework includes early investigation methods for identifying the source of pathogens and collecting samples.

• The framework mandates that all countries develop vaccines for each pathogen discovered during investigations.

• The framework includes studies on human-animal interfaces to identify pathogen reservoirs and transmission mechanisms.

Which of the above statements are correct?

• a) 1 and 2 only

• b) 1 and 3 only

• c) 2 and 3 only

• d) 1, 2, and 3

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is correct as the framework includes early investigations focusing on source identification and sample collection to understand how pathogens emerge and spread.

Statement 3 is also correct, as human-animal interface studies are a key part of the framework, which examines the interaction between pathogens and their reservoirs.

Statement 2 is incorrect because the framework does not mandate the development of vaccines but focuses on investigating pathogen origins to prevent future outbreaks.

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is correct as the framework includes early investigations focusing on source identification and sample collection to understand how pathogens emerge and spread.

Statement 3 is also correct, as human-animal interface studies are a key part of the framework, which examines the interaction between pathogens and their reservoirs.

Statement 2 is incorrect because the framework does not mandate the development of vaccines but focuses on investigating pathogen origins to prevent future outbreaks.

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following statements regarding the use of nano DAP in India: Nano DAP is primarily imported from other countries. Nano DAP completely replaces granular DAP in all types of crop cultivation. Nano DAP has shown better crop yields than granular DAP in all trials. Which of the above statements is/are correct? a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only c) 1 and 3 only d) None of the above Correct Solution: d) All three statements are incorrect. Nano DAP is not imported but is developed indigenously by IFFCO. It is recommended to be used in combination with granular DAP rather than completely replacing it. Research from PAU has raised concerns regarding lower wheat yields when using only nano DAP, indicating that it has not outperformed granular DAP in all trials. Hence, none of the statements are correct. The Government of India is promoting nano DAP as a cost-effective, indigenous alternative to the imported granular form of di-ammonium phosphate (DAP), especially for Punjab’s Rabi season crops. What is Nano DAP? It is cheaper and easier to transport, with a 500 ml bottle costing Rs 600 covering one acre, compared to granular DAP’s Rs 1,350 per 50 kg bag. However, Punjab Agricultural University (PAU) scientists have raised concerns, reporting lower wheat yields when using nano DAP. IFFCO, which developed nano DAP (in liquid form), recommends using it alongside granular DAP for optimal results. What are Nano-fertilizers? Nano-fertilizers are advanced fertilizers engineered using nanotechnology to improve nutrient delivery to plants. They contain nutrients in nano-sized particles, which allows for better absorption, efficient use, and reduced environmental impact compared to conventional fertilizers. Examples: Some examples of nano-fertilizers include nanoparticles of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, as well as combinations of these nutrients with other elements such as iron or zinc. Incorrect Solution: d) All three statements are incorrect. Nano DAP is not imported but is developed indigenously by IFFCO. It is recommended to be used in combination with granular DAP rather than completely replacing it. Research from PAU has raised concerns regarding lower wheat yields when using only nano DAP, indicating that it has not outperformed granular DAP in all trials. Hence, none of the statements are correct. The Government of India is promoting nano DAP as a cost-effective, indigenous alternative to the imported granular form of di-ammonium phosphate (DAP), especially for Punjab’s Rabi season crops. What is Nano DAP? It is cheaper and easier to transport, with a 500 ml bottle costing Rs 600 covering one acre, compared to granular DAP’s Rs 1,350 per 50 kg bag. However, Punjab Agricultural University (PAU) scientists have raised concerns, reporting lower wheat yields when using nano DAP. IFFCO, which developed nano DAP (in liquid form), recommends using it alongside granular DAP for optimal results. What are Nano-fertilizers? Nano-fertilizers are advanced fertilizers engineered using nanotechnology to improve nutrient delivery to plants. They contain nutrients in nano-sized particles, which allows for better absorption, efficient use, and reduced environmental impact compared to conventional fertilizers. Examples: Some examples of nano-fertilizers include nanoparticles of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, as well as combinations of these nutrients with other elements such as iron or zinc.

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the use of nano DAP in India:

• Nano DAP is primarily imported from other countries.

• Nano DAP completely replaces granular DAP in all types of crop cultivation.

• Nano DAP has shown better crop yields than granular DAP in all trials.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) 1 and 2 only

• b) 2 and 3 only

• c) 1 and 3 only

• d) None of the above

Solution: d)

All three statements are incorrect. Nano DAP is not imported but is developed indigenously by IFFCO. It is recommended to be used in combination with granular DAP rather than completely replacing it. Research from PAU has raised concerns regarding lower wheat yields when using only nano DAP, indicating that it has not outperformed granular DAP in all trials. Hence, none of the statements are correct.

The Government of India is promoting nano DAP as a cost-effective, indigenous alternative to the imported granular form of di-ammonium phosphate (DAP), especially for Punjab’s Rabi season crops.

What is Nano DAP?

It is cheaper and easier to transport, with a 500 ml bottle costing Rs 600 covering one acre, compared to granular DAP’s Rs 1,350 per 50 kg bag. However, Punjab Agricultural University (PAU) scientists have raised concerns, reporting lower wheat yields when using nano DAP. IFFCO, which developed nano DAP (in liquid form), recommends using it alongside granular DAP for optimal results.

What are Nano-fertilizers?

Nano-fertilizers are advanced fertilizers engineered using nanotechnology to improve nutrient delivery to plants. They contain nutrients in nano-sized particles, which allows for better absorption, efficient use, and reduced environmental impact compared to conventional fertilizers.

Examples: Some examples of nano-fertilizers include nanoparticles of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, as well as combinations of these nutrients with other elements such as iron or zinc.

Solution: d)

The Government of India is promoting nano DAP as a cost-effective, indigenous alternative to the imported granular form of di-ammonium phosphate (DAP), especially for Punjab’s Rabi season crops.

What is Nano DAP?

What are Nano-fertilizers?

Examples: Some examples of nano-fertilizers include nanoparticles of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, as well as combinations of these nutrients with other elements such as iron or zinc.

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Consider the following statements regarding the Public Accounts Committee (PAC): Ministers are allowed to serve as members of the PAC if they are not in charge of any financial ministry. The Public Accounts Committee (PAC) was first established in 1950. The primary role of the PAC is to scrutinize government expenditure and ensure compliance with parliamentary grants. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: a) Only Statement 3 is correct. About Public Accounts Committee (PAC): [/su_table] Aspect Details Role Audits government revenue and expenditure, examining C&AG audit reports after being presented in Parliament. Assistance Comptroller and Auditor General (C&AG) assists in investigations. Function Ensures government spending is within the scope of Parliament’s grants. Genesis Established in 1921, became a Parliamentary Committee under the Speaker’s control in 1950. Membership 22 members (15 from Lok Sabha, 7 from Rajya Sabha), elected annually. Chairperson Appointed from Lok Sabha, traditionally from the Opposition since 1967-68. Exclusions Ministers are not members; if a member is appointed a Minister, they must vacate their seat. Key Functions 1. Scrutinizes government accounts and C&AG reports. 2. Reviews legality, authority, and prudence of expenditure. Examination Focus Ensures appropriations are spent for the approved purpose, follow authority, and maintain economy and efficiency. [/su_table] Statement 1 is incorrect because Ministers are not allowed to be members of the PAC, and if a member is appointed as a Minister, they must vacate their seat. Statement 2 is incorrect as the PAC was first established in 1921. Statement 3 is correct; the PAC scrutinizes government expenditure to ensure that spending aligns with parliamentary approvals. Incorrect Solution: a) Only Statement 3 is correct. About Public Accounts Committee (PAC): [/su_table] Aspect Details Role Audits government revenue and expenditure, examining C&AG audit reports after being presented in Parliament. Assistance Comptroller and Auditor General (C&AG) assists in investigations. Function Ensures government spending is within the scope of Parliament’s grants. Genesis Established in 1921, became a Parliamentary Committee under the Speaker’s control in 1950. Membership 22 members (15 from Lok Sabha, 7 from Rajya Sabha), elected annually. Chairperson Appointed from Lok Sabha, traditionally from the Opposition since 1967-68. Exclusions Ministers are not members; if a member is appointed a Minister, they must vacate their seat. Key Functions 1. Scrutinizes government accounts and C&AG reports. 2. Reviews legality, authority, and prudence of expenditure. Examination Focus Ensures appropriations are spent for the approved purpose, follow authority, and maintain economy and efficiency. [/su_table] Statement 1 is incorrect because Ministers are not allowed to be members of the PAC, and if a member is appointed as a Minister, they must vacate their seat. Statement 2 is incorrect as the PAC was first established in 1921. Statement 3 is correct; the PAC scrutinizes government expenditure to ensure that spending aligns with parliamentary approvals.

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the Public Accounts Committee (PAC):

• Ministers are allowed to serve as members of the PAC if they are not in charge of any financial ministry.

• The Public Accounts Committee (PAC) was first established in 1950.

• The primary role of the PAC is to scrutinize government expenditure and ensure compliance with parliamentary grants.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: a)

Only Statement 3 is correct.

About Public Accounts Committee (PAC):

[/su_table]

Aspect | Details

Role | Audits government revenue and expenditure, examining C&AG audit reports after being presented in Parliament.

Assistance | Comptroller and Auditor General (C&AG) assists in investigations.

Function | Ensures government spending is within the scope of Parliament’s grants.

Genesis | Established in 1921, became a Parliamentary Committee under the Speaker’s control in 1950.

Membership | 22 members (15 from Lok Sabha, 7 from Rajya Sabha), elected annually.

Chairperson | Appointed from Lok Sabha, traditionally from the Opposition since 1967-68.

Exclusions | Ministers are not members; if a member is appointed a Minister, they must vacate their seat.

Key Functions | 1. Scrutinizes government accounts and C&AG reports. 2. Reviews legality, authority, and prudence of expenditure.

Examination Focus | Ensures appropriations are spent for the approved purpose, follow authority, and maintain economy and efficiency.

[/su_table]

Statement 1 is incorrect because Ministers are not allowed to be members of the PAC, and if a member is appointed as a Minister, they must vacate their seat. Statement 2 is incorrect as the PAC was first established in 1921. Statement 3 is correct; the PAC scrutinizes government expenditure to ensure that spending aligns with parliamentary approvals.