UPSC Editorials Quiz : 14 May 2024

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Introducing QUED – Questions from Editorials, an innovative initiative from InsightsIAS. Considering the significant number of questions in previous UPSC Prelims from editorials, practicing MCQs from this perspective can provide an extra edge. While we cover important editorials separately in our Editorial Section and SECURE Initiative, adding QUED to your daily MCQ practice alongside Static Quiz, Current Affairs Quiz, and InstaDART can be crucial for better performance. We recommend utilizing this initiative to enhance your preparation, with 5 MCQs posted daily at 11 am from Monday to Saturday on our website under the QUIZ menu. Best of luck! 🙂

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• Question 1 of 5 1. Question Consider the following statements. Fault lines are fractures that allow tectonic plates to move, leading to earthquakes. Ramapo Fault stems from the Appalachian Mountains. New York sits near the edges of tectonic plates leading to frequent earthquakes. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 3 is incorrect. Fault lines are essentially fractures that allow tectonic plates — pieces of Earth’s crust and uppermost mantle — to move, leading to earthquakes. “There is a major fault line in New Jersey called the Ramapo Fault, which stems from the Appalachian Mountains”. There are also at least five smaller fault lines under the island of Manhattan. Notably, it isn’t easy to determine exactly which fault line a quake originated along on the East Coast. That’s because “the nearest plate boundaries are in the centre of the Atlantic Ocean, making it hard to study the area”. Why is an earthquake rare in New York? Unlike the West Coast areas, like California, the East Coast, which includes New York, doesn’t sit near the edges of tectonic plates. “Hundreds of millions of years ago, the land that would eventually become New York was a place where continents crashed together and large earthquakes shook the earth below,” according to a report by The New York Times. The fault lines that run through the area became less active over time. However, they sometimes still release stress from that period. Source Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 3 is incorrect. Fault lines are essentially fractures that allow tectonic plates — pieces of Earth’s crust and uppermost mantle — to move, leading to earthquakes. “There is a major fault line in New Jersey called the Ramapo Fault, which stems from the Appalachian Mountains”. There are also at least five smaller fault lines under the island of Manhattan. Notably, it isn’t easy to determine exactly which fault line a quake originated along on the East Coast. That’s because “the nearest plate boundaries are in the centre of the Atlantic Ocean, making it hard to study the area”. Why is an earthquake rare in New York? Unlike the West Coast areas, like California, the East Coast, which includes New York, doesn’t sit near the edges of tectonic plates. “Hundreds of millions of years ago, the land that would eventually become New York was a place where continents crashed together and large earthquakes shook the earth below,” according to a report by The New York Times. The fault lines that run through the area became less active over time. However, they sometimes still release stress from that period. Source

#### 1. Question

Consider the following statements.

• Fault lines are fractures that allow tectonic plates to move, leading to earthquakes.

• Ramapo Fault stems from the Appalachian Mountains.

• New York sits near the edges of tectonic plates leading to frequent earthquakes.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 3 is incorrect.

• Fault lines are essentially fractures that allow tectonic plates — pieces of Earth’s crust and uppermost mantle — to move, leading to earthquakes.

• “There is a major fault line in New Jersey called the Ramapo Fault, which stems from the Appalachian Mountains”. There are also at least five smaller fault lines under the island of Manhattan.

• Notably, it isn’t easy to determine exactly which fault line a quake originated along on the East Coast. That’s because “the nearest plate boundaries are in the centre of the Atlantic Ocean, making it hard to study the area”.

Why is an earthquake rare in New York?

• Unlike the West Coast areas, like California, the East Coast, which includes New York, doesn’t sit near the edges of tectonic plates.

• “Hundreds of millions of years ago, the land that would eventually become New York was a place where continents crashed together and large earthquakes shook the earth below,” according to a report by The New York Times.

• The fault lines that run through the area became less active over time. However, they sometimes still release stress from that period.

Solution: b)

Statement 3 is incorrect.

• Fault lines are essentially fractures that allow tectonic plates — pieces of Earth’s crust and uppermost mantle — to move, leading to earthquakes.

Why is an earthquake rare in New York?

• Unlike the West Coast areas, like California, the East Coast, which includes New York, doesn’t sit near the edges of tectonic plates.

• The fault lines that run through the area became less active over time. However, they sometimes still release stress from that period.

• Question 2 of 5 2. Question Consider the following statements. Green hydrogen is produced from the electrolysis of water by using an electrolyser powered by renewable energy. Green hydrogen emits no carbon on consumption. Currently, most hydrogen produced for industrial consumption and applications is green hydrogen. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 3 is incorrect. Hydrogen is colourless, and green hydrogen is ‘green’ only by virtue of the way it is produced, and the source of the energy used to manufacture it. Green hydrogen refers to hydrogen that is produced from the electrolysis of water — splitting it into hydrogen and oxygen — using an electrolyser powered by renewable energy. This is considered to be a virtually emission-free pathway for hydrogen production — it is ‘end-to-end’ green because it is powered by green energy, uses water as feedstock, and emits no carbon on consumption. Currently, most hydrogen produced for industrial consumption and applications is ‘grey’ hydrogen, which is produced from natural gas through energy-intensive processes, and has high carbon emissions. Except for a difference in the production pathway and emissions, green hydrogen is essentially the same as grey — or hydrogen categorised by any other colour. Source Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 3 is incorrect. Hydrogen is colourless, and green hydrogen is ‘green’ only by virtue of the way it is produced, and the source of the energy used to manufacture it. Green hydrogen refers to hydrogen that is produced from the electrolysis of water — splitting it into hydrogen and oxygen — using an electrolyser powered by renewable energy. This is considered to be a virtually emission-free pathway for hydrogen production — it is ‘end-to-end’ green because it is powered by green energy, uses water as feedstock, and emits no carbon on consumption. Currently, most hydrogen produced for industrial consumption and applications is ‘grey’ hydrogen, which is produced from natural gas through energy-intensive processes, and has high carbon emissions. Except for a difference in the production pathway and emissions, green hydrogen is essentially the same as grey — or hydrogen categorised by any other colour. Source

#### 2. Question

Consider the following statements.

• Green hydrogen is produced from the electrolysis of water by using an electrolyser powered by renewable energy.

• Green hydrogen emits no carbon on consumption.

• Currently, most hydrogen produced for industrial consumption and applications is green hydrogen.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 3 is incorrect.

Hydrogen is colourless, and green hydrogen is ‘green’ only by virtue of the way it is produced, and the source of the energy used to manufacture it. Green hydrogen refers to hydrogen that is produced from the electrolysis of water — splitting it into hydrogen and oxygen — using an electrolyser powered by renewable energy.

This is considered to be a virtually emission-free pathway for hydrogen production — it is ‘end-to-end’ green because it is powered by green energy, uses water as feedstock, and emits no carbon on consumption.

Currently, most hydrogen produced for industrial consumption and applications is ‘grey’ hydrogen, which is produced from natural gas through energy-intensive processes, and has high carbon emissions. Except for a difference in the production pathway and emissions, green hydrogen is essentially the same as grey — or hydrogen categorised by any other colour.

Solution: b)

Statement 3 is incorrect.

• Question 3 of 5 3. Question Consider the following statements. A hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) utilises hydrogen electrochemically by converting hydrogen into electricity, leaving water as the byproduct. Compared to battery electric vehicles (BEVs), hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) are much lighter. Hydrogen is not flammable and hence it is convenient to handle. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 3 is incorrect. A hydrogen internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicle utilises hydrogen through combustion — which is similar to cars running on diesel and petrol, except there are no carbon emissions. A hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) utilises hydrogen electrochemically by converting hydrogen stored in a high-pressure tank into electricity, leaving water as the byproduct. Even though hydrogen ICE vehicles do not emit carbon, research suggests that burning hydrogen is far less energy efficient than converting it into electricityin a fuel cell. Compared to battery electric vehicles (BEVs), in which the battery is the heaviest part, hydrogen FCEVs are typically much lighter because hydrogen is a light element, and a fuel cell stack weighs lesser than an electric vehicle (EV) battery. This makes hydrogen fuel cell technology a viable alternative to EV battery technology, especially for heavy-duty trucks that can benefit from an increased payload capacity — without coughing clouds of smoke from burning diesel. Hydrogen is extremely flammable, which means that special care would be needed in handling the fuel at retail stations compared to diesel, petrol, or even CNG. Source Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 3 is incorrect. A hydrogen internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicle utilises hydrogen through combustion — which is similar to cars running on diesel and petrol, except there are no carbon emissions. A hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) utilises hydrogen electrochemically by converting hydrogen stored in a high-pressure tank into electricity, leaving water as the byproduct. Even though hydrogen ICE vehicles do not emit carbon, research suggests that burning hydrogen is far less energy efficient than converting it into electricityin a fuel cell. Compared to battery electric vehicles (BEVs), in which the battery is the heaviest part, hydrogen FCEVs are typically much lighter because hydrogen is a light element, and a fuel cell stack weighs lesser than an electric vehicle (EV) battery. This makes hydrogen fuel cell technology a viable alternative to EV battery technology, especially for heavy-duty trucks that can benefit from an increased payload capacity — without coughing clouds of smoke from burning diesel. Hydrogen is extremely flammable, which means that special care would be needed in handling the fuel at retail stations compared to diesel, petrol, or even CNG. Source

#### 3. Question

Consider the following statements.

• A hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) utilises hydrogen electrochemically by converting hydrogen into electricity, leaving water as the byproduct.

• Compared to battery electric vehicles (BEVs), hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) are much lighter.

• Hydrogen is not flammable and hence it is convenient to handle.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 3 is incorrect.

• A hydrogen internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicle utilises hydrogen through combustion — which is similar to cars running on diesel and petrol, except there are no carbon emissions.

• A hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) utilises hydrogen electrochemically by converting hydrogen stored in a high-pressure tank into electricity, leaving water as the byproduct. Even though hydrogen ICE vehicles do not emit carbon, research suggests that burning hydrogen is far less energy efficient than converting it into electricityin a fuel cell.

• Compared to battery electric vehicles (BEVs), in which the battery is the heaviest part, hydrogen FCEVs are typically much lighter because hydrogen is a light element, and a fuel cell stack weighs lesser than an electric vehicle (EV) battery.

• This makes hydrogen fuel cell technology a viable alternative to EV battery technology, especially for heavy-duty trucks that can benefit from an increased payload capacity — without coughing clouds of smoke from burning diesel.

• Hydrogen is extremely flammable, which means that special care would be needed in handling the fuel at retail stations compared to diesel, petrol, or even CNG.

Solution: b)

Statement 3 is incorrect.

• A hydrogen internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicle utilises hydrogen through combustion — which is similar to cars running on diesel and petrol, except there are no carbon emissions.

• Hydrogen is extremely flammable, which means that special care would be needed in handling the fuel at retail stations compared to diesel, petrol, or even CNG.

• Question 4 of 5 4. Question Consider the following statements regarding Solar eclipse. A solar eclipse takes place when the Moon moves in the middle of Earth and the Sun. People who are in the path of a total solar eclipse can get a glimpse of the Sun’s corona. Total solar eclipse is the most common type of solar eclipse. How many of the above statements is/are correct? a) Only one b) Only two c) All three d) None Correct Solution: b) Statement 3 is incorrect. A solar eclipse takes place when the Moon moves in the middle of Earth and the Sun. The Moon blocks the light of the Sun, either fully or partially, which casts a huge shadow on some parts of the world. There are four different types of solar eclipses, including total solar eclipse, annual solar eclipse, partial solar eclipse, and hybrid solar eclipse. When the Moon blocks the Sun entirely, the areas in the centre of the Moon’s shadow at the time witness a total solar eclipse. The sky darkens and people who are in the path of a total solar eclipse can get a glimpse of the Sun’s corona — the outer atmosphere — which is usually not visible due to the bright face of the Sun. When the Moon passes in front of the Sun but is at or near the farthest point from Earth, an annular solar eclipse occurs. In this scenario, the Moon covers the Sun in such a way that only the periphery of the Sun remains visible — looking like a ring of fire. A partial solar eclipse takes place when the Moon blocks just a part of the Sun, giving it a crescent shape. During both partial and annular eclipses, the regions outside the area covered by the Moon’s umbra — the middle and the darkest part of the lunar shadow — will see a partial solar eclipse. Partial solar eclipse is the most common type of solar eclipse. A hybrid solar eclipse — the rarest type of solar eclipse — is witnessed when an eclipse shifts between annular and total as the shadow of the Moon moves across the globe. In this case, some parts of the world see a total solar eclipse, while others observe an annular solar eclipse. Source Incorrect Solution: b) Statement 3 is incorrect. A solar eclipse takes place when the Moon moves in the middle of Earth and the Sun. The Moon blocks the light of the Sun, either fully or partially, which casts a huge shadow on some parts of the world. There are four different types of solar eclipses, including total solar eclipse, annual solar eclipse, partial solar eclipse, and hybrid solar eclipse. When the Moon blocks the Sun entirely, the areas in the centre of the Moon’s shadow at the time witness a total solar eclipse. The sky darkens and people who are in the path of a total solar eclipse can get a glimpse of the Sun’s corona — the outer atmosphere — which is usually not visible due to the bright face of the Sun. When the Moon passes in front of the Sun but is at or near the farthest point from Earth, an annular solar eclipse occurs. In this scenario, the Moon covers the Sun in such a way that only the periphery of the Sun remains visible — looking like a ring of fire. A partial solar eclipse takes place when the Moon blocks just a part of the Sun, giving it a crescent shape. During both partial and annular eclipses, the regions outside the area covered by the Moon’s umbra — the middle and the darkest part of the lunar shadow — will see a partial solar eclipse. Partial solar eclipse is the most common type of solar eclipse. A hybrid solar eclipse — the rarest type of solar eclipse — is witnessed when an eclipse shifts between annular and total as the shadow of the Moon moves across the globe. In this case, some parts of the world see a total solar eclipse, while others observe an annular solar eclipse. Source

#### 4. Question

Consider the following statements regarding Solar eclipse.

• A solar eclipse takes place when the Moon moves in the middle of Earth and the Sun.

• People who are in the path of a total solar eclipse can get a glimpse of the Sun’s corona.

• Total solar eclipse is the most common type of solar eclipse.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

• a) Only one

• b) Only two

• c) All three

Solution: b)

Statement 3 is incorrect.

A solar eclipse takes place when the Moon moves in the middle of Earth and the Sun. The Moon blocks the light of the Sun, either fully or partially, which casts a huge shadow on some parts of the world.

There are four different types of solar eclipses, including total solar eclipse, annual solar eclipse, partial solar eclipse, and hybrid solar eclipse.

When the Moon blocks the Sun entirely, the areas in the centre of the Moon’s shadow at the time witness a total solar eclipse. The sky darkens and people who are in the path of a total solar eclipse can get a glimpse of the Sun’s corona — the outer atmosphere — which is usually not visible due to the bright face of the Sun.

When the Moon passes in front of the Sun but is at or near the farthest point from Earth, an annular solar eclipse occurs. In this scenario, the Moon covers the Sun in such a way that only the periphery of the Sun remains visible — looking like a ring of fire.

A partial solar eclipse takes place when the Moon blocks just a part of the Sun, giving it a crescent shape. During both partial and annular eclipses, the regions outside the area covered by the Moon’s umbra — the middle and the darkest part of the lunar shadow — will see a partial solar eclipse. Partial solar eclipse is the most common type of solar eclipse.

A hybrid solar eclipse — the rarest type of solar eclipse — is witnessed when an eclipse shifts between annular and total as the shadow of the Moon moves across the globe. In this case, some parts of the world see a total solar eclipse, while others observe an annular solar eclipse.

Solution: b)

Statement 3 is incorrect.

There are four different types of solar eclipses, including total solar eclipse, annual solar eclipse, partial solar eclipse, and hybrid solar eclipse.

• Question 5 of 5 5. Question Camp David summit, that was recently in news is held at/hosted by a) Australia b) United Kingdom c) Japan d) United States Correct Solution: d) Camp David summit is a series of meetings held at the Camp David presidential retreat in Maryland, USA. It’s where world leaders, meet and negotiate agreements with the USA. E.g., The USA, Israel and Egypt negotiated and eventually reached the Camp David Accords in 1978, leading to a peace treaty between the two countries in 1979. Incorrect Solution: d) Camp David summit is a series of meetings held at the Camp David presidential retreat in Maryland, USA. It’s where world leaders, meet and negotiate agreements with the USA. E.g., The USA, Israel and Egypt negotiated and eventually reached the Camp David Accords in 1978, leading to a peace treaty between the two countries in 1979.

#### 5. Question

Camp David summit, that was recently in news is held at/hosted by

• a) Australia

• b) United Kingdom

• d) United States

Solution: d)

Camp David summit is a series of meetings held at the Camp David presidential retreat in Maryland, USA. It’s where world leaders, meet and negotiate agreements with the USA. E.g., The USA, Israel and Egypt negotiated and eventually reached the Camp David Accords in 1978, leading to a peace treaty between the two countries in 1979.

Solution: d)

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